Here are the studies that match your search criteria. If you are interested in participating, please reach out to the contact listed for the study. If no contact is listed, contact us and we'll help you find the right person.
470 Study Matches
Testing the Addition of the Drug Apalutamide to the Usual Hormone Therapy and Radiation Therapy After Surgery for Prostate Cancer (INNOVATE)
This phase III trial studies whether adding apalutamide to the usual treatment improves outcome in patients with lymph node positive prostate cancer after surgery. Radiation therapy uses high energy x-ray to kill tumor cells and shrink tumors. Androgens, or male sex hormones, can cause the growth of prostate cancer cells. Drugs, such as apalutamide, may help stop or reduce the growth of prostate cancer cell growth by blocking the attachment of androgen to its receptors on cancer cells, a mechanism similar to stopping the entrance of a key into its lock. Adding apalutamide to the usual hormone therapy and radiation therapy after surgery may stabilize prostate cancer and prevent it from spreading and extend time without disease spreading compared to the usual approach.
* Pathologically (histologically) proven diagnosis of prostate adenocarcinoma. Any type of radical prostatectomy is permitted, including retropubic, perineal, laparoscopic or robotically assisted
* Any T-stage is eligible (American Joint Committee on Cancer \[AJCC\] 8th edition \[ed\])
* Appropriate stage for study entry based on fluciclovine F-18 positron emission tomography (PET) scan (FACBC, Axumin) within 90 days prior to registration that is negative for distant metastatic (M1a, M1b, M1c) disease; Note that though every effort should be made to obtain a fluciclovine F-18 PET (FACBC, Axumin) scan; however, if the patient has already had a recent F-18 PSMA PET (PyLarify) scan or gallium Ga 68-labeled PSMA-11 (Ga-68 PSMA) PET scan or C-11 or F-18 choline PET scan within 90 days prior to registration (to include scan report) then repeat molecular imaging with a fluciclovine F-18 PET (FACBC, Axumin) scan will not be required.
* Pathologically node positive disease with nodal involvement only in the pelvis in the prostatectomy specimen (including external iliacs, internal iliacs, and/or obturator nodes); peri-prostatic and peri-rectal nodes can also be considered regional lymphadenopathy and are allowed
* History/physical examination within 90 days prior to registration
* Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0-1 within 90 days prior to registration
* Detectable PSA after radical prostatectomy. Detectable PSA is defined as serum PSA \> 0 ng/mL at least 30 days after prostatectomy and within 180 days of registration and before start of GnRH agonist/antagonist
* Patients who have already started on post-prostatectomy GnRH agonist/antagonist for =\< 180 days prior to registration are eligible (Note: patients who started on an oral antiandrogen are eligible if started =\< 180 days and stopped prior to registration)
* Hemoglobin \>= 9.0 g/dL, independent of transfusion and/or growth factors (within 90 days prior to registration)
* Platelet count \>= 100,000 x 10\^9/uL independent of transfusion and/or growth factors (within 90 days prior to registration)
* Serum potassium \>= 3.5 mmol/L within 90 days prior to registration
* Creatinine clearance (CrCl) \>= 30 mL/min estimated by Cockcroft-Gault (please use actual weight for calculation unless greater than 30% above ideal body weight then use the adjusted body weight) (within 90 days prior to registration)
* Total bilirubin =\< 1.5 x institutional upper limit of normal (ULN) (Note: In subjects with Gilbert's syndrome, if total bilirubin is \> 1.5 x ULN, measure direct and indirect bilirubin and if direct bilirubin is =\< 1.5 x ULN, subject is eligible) (within 90 days prior to registration)
* Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase \[SGOT\]) or alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase \[SGPT\]) =\< 2.5 x institutional ULN (within 90 days prior to registration)
* Serum albumin \>= 3.0 g/dL (within 90 days prior to registration)
* Discontinue or substitute concomitant medications known to lower the seizure threshold at least 30 days prior to registration
* The patient must agree to use a condom (even men with vasectomies) and another effective method of birth control if he is having sex with a woman of childbearing potential or agree to use a condom if he is having sex with a woman who is pregnant while on study drug and for 3 months following the last dose of study drug
* Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients on effective anti-retroviral therapy with undetectable viral load within 6 months are eligible for this trial and have a CD4 count \>= 200 cells/microliter within 30 days prior to registration. Note: HIV testing is not required for eligibility for this protocol
* For patients with evidence of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, the HBV viral load must be undetectable on suppressive therapy within 30 days prior to registration, if indicated. Note: HBV viral testing is not required for eligibility for this protocol
* Patients with a history of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection must have been treated and cured. For patients with HCV infection who are currently on treatment, they are eligible if they have an undetectable HCV viral load within 30 days prior to registration
* Patients with a prior or concurrent malignancy whose natural history or treatment does not have the potential to interfere with the safety or efficacy assessment of the investigational regimen are eligible for this trial. Note: Any patient with a cancer (other than keratinocyte carcinoma or carcinoma in situ) who has no evidence of disease for \< 3 years must contact the principal investigator, Ronald Chen, Doctor of Medicine (MD)
* The patient or a legally authorized representative must provide study-specific informed consent prior to study entry
Exclusion Criteria:
* Definitive radiologic evidence of metastatic disease (M1a, M1b or M1c) on molecular imaging (e.g. fluciclovine F-18 PET, F-18 PSMA, PSMA, F-18 choline 11)
* Prior systemic chemotherapy for the study cancer; note that prior chemotherapy for a different cancer is allowed (completed \> 3 years prior to registration)
* Prior radiotherapy to the region of the study cancer that would result in overlap of radiation therapy fields
* Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) prior to radical prostatectomy
* Prior treatment with androgen receptor signaling inhibitor (including but not exclusive to a growing list of: abiraterone acetate, enzalutamide, apalutamide, darolutamide), unless started =\< 180 days and stopped prior to registration, which is allowed
* Current use of 5-alpha reductase inhibitor. NOTE: if the alpha reductase inhibitor is stopped prior to randomization the patient is eligible
* History of any of the following:
* Seizure or known condition that may pre-dispose to seizure (e.g. prior stroke within 1 year prior to registration, brain arteriovenous malformation, Schwannoma, meningioma, or other benign central nervous system \[CNS\] or meningeal disease which may require treatment with surgery or radiation therapy)
* Severe or unstable angina, myocardial infarction, arterial or venous thromboembolic events (e.g., pulmonary embolism, cerebrovascular accident including transient ischemic attacks), or clinically significant ventricular arrhythmias within 12 months prior to registration
* New York Heart Association functional classification III/IV (Note: Patients with known history or current symptoms of cardiac disease, or history of treatment with cardiotoxic agents, should have a clinical risk assessment of cardiac function using the New York Heart Association functional classification.)
* History of any condition that in the opinion of the investigator, would preclude participation in this study
* Current evidence of any of the following:
* Known gastrointestinal disorder affecting absorption of oral medications
* Active uncontrolled infection
* Presence of uncontrolled hypertension (persistent systolic blood pressure \[BP\] \>= 160 mmHg or diastolic BP \>= 100 mmHg). Subjects with a history of hypertension are allowed, provided that BP is controlled to within these limits by anti-hypertensive treatment
* Any chronic medical condition requiring a higher dose of corticosteroid than 10 mg prednisone/prednisolone once daily
* Baseline moderate and severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class B \& C)
* Inability to swallow oral pills
* Any current condition that in the opinion of the investigator, would preclude participation in this study
* Patients must not plan to participate in any other therapeutic clinical trials while receiving treatment on this study
* Patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Prostate Adenocarcinoma, Stage I Prostate Cancer AJCC v8, Stage II Prostate Cancer AJCC v8, Stage IIA Prostate Cancer AJCC v8, Stage IIB Prostate Cancer AJCC v8, Stage IIC Prostate Cancer AJCC v8, Stage III Prostate Cancer AJCC v8, Stage IIIA Prostate Cancer AJCC v8, Stage IIIB Prostate Cancer AJCC v8, Stage IIIC Prostate Cancer AJCC v8, Stage IVA Prostate Cancer AJCC v8, Prostate
Prostate Cancer, Apalutamide, Abiraterone Acetate
UT Southwestern; Parkland Health & Hospital System
A Study of JNJ-68284528, a Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell (CAR-T) Therapy Directed Against B-cell Maturation Antigen (BCMA) in Participants With Multiple Myeloma (CARTITUDE-2)
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the overall minimal residual disease (MRD) negative rate of participants who receive JNJ-68284528.
* Cohort A: Received a minimum of 1 to a maximum of 3 prior lines of therapy including a proteasome inhibitor (PI) and immunomodulatory therapy (IMiD), and lenalidomide refractory per International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) guidelines
* Cohort B: Received one line of prior therapy including a PI and an IMiD, and disease progression per IMWG criteria less than or equal to (\<=) 12 months after treatment with autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) or \<=12 months from the start of anti-myeloma therapy for participants who have not had an ASCT
* Cohort C: Previously treated with a PI, an IMiD, an anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody and B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-directed therapy
* Cohort D: Newly diagnosed multiple myeloma per IMWG with a history of 4 to 8 total cycles of initial therapy, including induction, high-dose therapy, and ASCT with or without consolidation
* Cohort E: Have newly diagnosed multiple myeloma without prior therapy (one cycle of prior therapy before enrollment is acceptable) and classified as high risk defined as either: 1) International Staging System (ISS) stage III criteria, Beta 2 microglobulin greater than or equal to (\>=) 5.5 milligrams per liter (mg/L) (via local or central laboratory assessment) or 2) high risk cytogenetic features del(17/17p), t (14;16), t(14;20), 1q amplification (at least 4 total copies) in at least 20 percent (%) of the total plasma cell population
* Cohort F:
* Participant must have a documented efficacy response of very good partial response (VGPR) or better, without progressive disease prior to enrollment, as assessed per IMWG 2016 criteria
* Received initial therapy as specified below. The dose/schedule of cycles administered will be as per standard of care. It is acceptable for up to 1 cycle of the protocol-specified regimens to be missing one of the listed agents (example, held due to toxicity). Acceptable combinations include: At least 5 to 8 cycles of initial therapy with daratumumab, bortezomib, lenalidomide and dexamethasone (D-VRd). The dose/schedule of cycles administered will be as per standard of care or; at least 4 to 8 cycles of initial therapy with daratumumab, lenalidomide and dexamethasone (D-Rd) or; at least 4 to 8 cycles of initial therapy with a carfilzomib-based triplet or quadruplet regimen
* Cohort G: Not considered for high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) due to: a) Ineligibility due to advanced age; or b) Ineligibility due to presence of comorbid condition(s) likely to have a negative impact on tolerability of high-dose chemotherapy with ASCT; or c) Subject refusal of high-dose chemotherapy with ASCT as initial treatment
* Cohort H: Considered a candidate for high-dose chemotherapy with ASCT as initial treatment
* Cohorts A, B, C, E, G, H:
* Serum monoclonal paraprotein (M-protein) level greater than or equal to (\>=) 1.0 gram per deciliter (g/dL) or urine M-protein level \>=200 milligrams (mg)/24 hours
* Light chain multiple myeloma in whom only measurable disease is by serum free light chain (FLC) levels in the serum: Serum immunoglobulin FLC \>=10 mg/dL and abnormal serum immunoglobulin kappa lambda FLC ratio
* Cohort A: For participants with neither serum nor urine measurable disease, baseline positron emission tomography/ computed tomography (PET/CT) or whole -body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be used to satisfy the measurable disease criteria. A minimum of one lesion with a bi-dimensional measurement of at least 1 centimeter (cm)\*1 cm is required
* Cohorts B, C: For participants with neither serum nor urine measurable disease, baseline positron emission tomography/ computed tomography (PET/CT) or whole body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be used to satisfy the measurable disease criteria
* Cohorts A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status grade of 0 or 1
Exclusion Criteria:
* Cohorts A, B, D, F: Any therapy that is targeted to BCMA
* Cohorts A, B, C, D, F: Prior treatment with chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) therapy directed at any target
* Cohorts A, B, C, D, F:
* Ongoing toxicity from previous anticancer therapy must resolve to baseline levels or to Grade 1 or less except for alopecia or peripheral neuropathy
* Received a cumulative dose of corticosteroids equivalent to \>=70 mg of prednisone within the 7 days (Cohort A, B, C, F) or 14 days (Cohort D) prior to apheresis
* Serious underlying medical condition, such as (a) evidence of active viral or bacterial infection requiring systemic antimicrobial therapy, or uncontrolled systemic fungal infection; (b) active autoimmune disease or a history of autoimmune disease within 3 years; (c) overt clinical evidence of dementia or altered mental status; (d) any history of Parkinson's disease or other neurodegenerative disorder
* Cohorts A, B, C, D, E, F: Known active, or prior history of central nervous system (CNS) involvement or exhibits clinical signs of meningeal involvement of multiple myeloma
* Cohorts F, G, and H: Active malignancies (that is, progressing or requiring treatment change in the last 24 months) other than the disease being treated under study. The only allowed exceptions are: a) non-muscle invasive bladder cancer treated within the last 24 months that is considered completely cured; b) skin cancer (non-melanoma or melanoma) treated within the last 24 months that is considered completely cured; c) non-invasive cervical cancer treated within the last 24 months that is considered completely cured; d) localized prostate cancer (N0M0): with a Gleason score of greater than or equal to (=\>)6, treated within the last 24 months or untreated and under surveillance, with a Gleason score of 3+4 that has been treated more than 6 months prior to full study screening and considered to have a very low risk of recurrence, or history of localized prostate cancer and receiving androgen deprivation therapy and considered to have a very low risk of recurrence, e) breast cancer: adequately treated lobular carcinoma in situ or ductal carcinoma in situ, or history of localized breast cancer and receiving antihormonal agents and considered to have a very low risk of recurrence; f) malignancy that is considered cured with minimal risk of recurrence
* Cohorts E, G, and H: Frailty index of \>= 2 according to Myeloma Geriatric Assessment score
Letrozole With or Without Paclitaxel and Carboplatin in Treating Patients With Stage II-IV Ovarian, Fallopian Tube, or Primary Peritoneal Cancer
This phase III trial studies how well letrozole with or without paclitaxel and carboplatin
works in treating patients with stage II-IV low-grade serous carcinoma of the ovary,
fallopian tube, or peritoneum. Letrozole is an enzyme inhibitor that lowers the amount of
estrogen made by the body which in turn may stop the growth of tumor cells that need estrogen
to grow. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as paclitaxel and carboplatin, work in different
ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from
dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. It is not yet known whether giving letrozole
alone or in combination with paclitaxel and carboplatin works better in treating patients
with low-grade serous carcinoma of the ovary, fallopian tube, or peritoneum compared to
paclitaxel and carboplatin without letrozole.
• Patients must have newly diagnosed, stage II-IV low-grade serous ovarian cancer
(submission of pathology report[s] required). Ovarian cancer = ovarian, fallopian tube
and primary peritoneal cancers
• NOTE: Patients with a prior history of serous borderline tumors but a new
diagnosis of stage II-IV low-grade serous ovarian cancer are eligible
• p53 immunohistochemistry (IHC) is required and must show nonaberrant pattern
(nonaberrant p53 expression is consistent with normal/wildtype TP53)
• A copy of the pathology report that includes the diagnosis of low grade
serous ovarian cancer and nonaberrant p53 IHC result must be submitted in
RAVE. NOTE: If aberrant p53 expression is found on p53 IHC, the patient is
NOT eligible (aberrant p53 expression is consistent with mutant TP53 and
supports diagnosis of high grade serous ovarian cancer)
• Appropriate stage for study entry based on the following diagnostic workup:
• History/physical examination within 14 days prior to registration;
• Radiographic tumor assessment within 28 days prior to registration. (23-MAY-2023)
• Age >= 18
• Patients must have undergone an attempt at maximal upfront cytoreductive surgery, with
either optimal (=< 1 cm diameter residual disease/nodule) or suboptimal residual
disease (> 1 cm diameter residual disease/nodule) status allowed
• Patients must have undergone a bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy
• Patients must have an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of
0, 1 or 2 within 14 days prior to registration
• Patients must be within =< 8 weeks of primary cytoreductive surgery at time of
randomization
• Patients must be able to take per oral (P.O.) medications
• Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) greater than or equal to 1,500/mcl (within 14 days
prior to registration)
• Platelets greater than or equal to 100,000 cells/mcl (within 14 days prior to
registration)
• Creatinine less than or equal to 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) (within 14 days
prior to registration)
• Bilirubin less than or equal to 1.5 x ULN (within 14 days prior to registration)
• Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) less than or equal
to 3 x ULN (within 14 days prior to registration)
• The patient or a legally authorized representative must provide study-specific
informed consent prior to study entry and, for patients treated in the United States
(U.S.), authorization permitting release of personal health information
• Patients with a prior or concurrent malignancy whose natural history or treatment does
not have the potential to interfere with the safety or efficacy assessment of the
investigational regimen are eligible for this trial
Exclusion Criteria:
• Patients may not have received neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy
for the treatment of this disease
• Patients may not have received previous hormonal therapy for the treatment of this
disease
• Patients with known hypersensitivity to letrozole or hypersensitivity/intolerance to
carboplatin/paclitaxel therapy
• Patients with severe cardiac disease:
• Myocardial infarction or unstable angina within 6 months prior to registration
• New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II or greater congestive heart failure
• Patients with known central nervous system metastases
• Patients with active (except for uncomplicated urinary tract infection) or
uncontrolled systemic infection
• Patients with >= grade 2 baseline neuropathy
• Known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients on effective
anti-retroviral therapy with undetectable viral load within 6 months are eligible for
this trial
Low Grade Fallopian Tube Serous Adenocarcinoma, Ovarian Low Grade Serous Adenocarcinoma, Primary Peritoneal Low Grade Serous Adenocarcinoma, Stage II Fallopian Tube Cancer AJCC v8, Stage II Ovarian Cancer AJCC v8, Stage II Primary Peritoneal Cancer AJCC v8, Stage III Fallopian Tube Cancer AJCC v8, Stage III Ovarian Cancer AJCC v8, Stage III Primary Peritoneal Cancer AJCC v8, Stage IV Fallopian Tube Cancer AJCC v8, Stage IV Ovarian Cancer AJCC v8, Stage IV Primary Peritoneal Cancer AJCC v8, Ovary
UT Southwestern; Parkland Health & Hospital System
A Study of Repotrectinib in Pediatric and Young Adult Subjects Harboring ALK, ROS1, OR NTRK1-3 Alterations
Phase 1 will evaluate the safety and tolerability at different dose levels of repotrectinib in pediatric and young adult subjects with advanced or metastatic malignancies harboring anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), receptor tyrosine kinase encoded by the gene ROS1 (ROS1), or neurotrophic receptor kinase genes encoding TRK kinase family (NTRK1-3) alterations to estimate the Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) or Maximum Administered Dose (MAD) and select the Pediatric Recommended Phase 2 Dose (RP2D).
Phase 2 will determine the anti-tumor activity of repotrectinib in pediatric and young adult subjects with advanced or metastatic malignancies harboring ROS1 or NTRK1-3 alterations.
• Documented genetic ROS1 point mutation, fusion, or amplification or NTRK1-3 fusion as identified by local testing in a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) laboratory in the US or equivalently accredited diagnostic lab outside the United States (US) is required.
• Phase 1: Age \<12 years; Phase 2: Age 12- 25 years
• Prior cytotoxic chemotherapy is allowed.
• Prior immunotherapy is allowed.
• Resolution of all acute toxic effects (excluding alopecia) of any prior anti-cancer therapy to National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI CTCAE) Version 4.03 Grade less than or equal to 1.
• All subjects must have measurable disease by RECIST v1.1 or Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) criteria at time of enrollment.
• Subjects with a primary CNS tumor or CNS metastases must be neurologically stable on a stable or decreasing dose of steroids for at least 7 days prior to enrollment.
• Subjects must have a Lansky (\< 16 years) or Karnofsky (≥ 16 years) score of at least 50.
• Life expectancy greater than or equal to 12 weeks, in the investigator's opinion.
• Adequate hematologic, renal and hepatic function.
Phase 2
Inclusion Criteria:
• Cohort Specific
Inclusion Criteria:
* Cohort 1: Subjects with NTRK fusion gene positive (NTRK+) advanced solid tumors (including primary CNS tumors), that are tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) TKI naïve;
* Cohort 2: subjects with NTRK+ advanced solid tumors (including primary CNS tumors), that are TRK TKI pre-treated;
* Cohort 3: subjects with advanced solid tumors with ROS1 gene fusions or other ROS1 aberrations (including amplifications and point mutations) with measurable disease.
• Subjects in Cohorts 1 and 2 must have prospectively confirmed measurable disease by BICR prior to enrollment.
Key Exclusion Criteria (Phase 1 and Phase 2):
• Subjects with neuroblastoma with only bone marrow disease evaluable by bone marrow aspiration only.
• Major surgery within 14 days (2 weeks) of start of repotrectinib treatment. Central venous access (Broviac, Mediport, etc.) placement does not meet criteria for major surgery.
• Known active infections requiring ongoing treatment (bacterial, fungal, viral including HIV positivity).
• Gastrointestinal disease (e.g., Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, or short gut syndrome) or other malabsorption syndromes that would impact drug absorption.
• Any of the following cardiac criteria:
* Mean resting corrected QT interval (ECG interval measured from the onset of the QRS complex to the end of the T wave) for heart rate (QTc) \> 480 msec obtained from three ECGs, using the screening clinic ECG machine-derived QTc value
* Any clinically important abnormalities in rhythm, conduction, or morphology of resting ECG (e.g., complete left bundle branch block, third degree heart block, second degree heart block, PR interval \> 250 msec)
* Any factors that increase the risk of QTc prolongation or risk of arrhythmic events such as heart failure, congenital long QT syndrome, family history of long QT syndrome, or any concomitant medication known to prolong the QT interval
• Peripheral neuropathy of CTCAE ≥grade 2.
• Subjects being treated with or anticipating the need for treatment with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors or inducers.
• Any potential allergies to repotrectinib and/or its excipients.
Cobimetinib in Refractory Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH), and Other Histiocytic Disorders (NACHO-COBI)
This is a research study of a drug called cobimetinib in children and adults diagnosed with
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), and other histiocytic disorders that has returned or
does not respond to treatment. Cobimetinib blocks activation of a protein called
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) that is part of incorrect growth signals in
histiocytosis cells. Four different groups of patients will be enrolled.
INCLUSION CRITERIA:
Age at study entry
• For Group 1: Participant must be at least 6 months of age and less than 21 years of
age at the time of enrollment
• For Group 2: Participant may be at least 6 months of age at the time of enrollment
• For Group 3: Participant must be at least 6 months of age and less than 21 years of
age at the time of enrollment
• For Group 4: Participant must be 21 years of age or older at the time of enrollment
• Participant must be able to take an enteral dose and formulation of medication. Study
medication is only available as an oral suspension or tablet which may be taken by
mouth or other enteral route such as nasogastric or gastric tube.
• Biopsy proven LCH -AND
• Failure of at least front-line therapy for LCH with evaluable disease. -OR
• Diagnosis of LCH-associated neurodegenerative disease with radiologic or clinical
progression within the past 3 months. -OR
• Biopsy proven JXG, ECD, RDD, histiocytic sarcoma, or other histiocytic lesion (newly
diagnosed or relapsed/refractory disease) with evaluable active disease.
Performance Level:
-Karnofsky ≥ 50% for patients > 16 years of age and Lansky ≥ 50% for patients ≤ 16 years of
age.
Adequate Hematologic Function Defined as:
• ANC ≥ 0.75 x 10^9/L (unsupported/without growth factor stimulant)
• Platelet count ≥ 75 x 10^9/L (unsupported/without transfusion within the past 7 days).
• Patients with marrow disease must have platelet count of >/= 75 x 10^9/L (transfusion
support allowed) and must not be refractory to platelet transfusions.
• Hemoglobin ≥ 8 g/dL (unsupported/without transfusion within the past 7 days)
• Patients with marrow disease must have hemoglobin ≥ 8 g/dL (transfusion support
allowed).
Adequate Renal Function Defined as:
• Calculated creatinine clearance (or radioisotope GFR) ≥ 70 mL/min/1.73m^2 or serum
creatinine based on age/gender as follows:
Maximum Serum Creatinine (mg/dL) Age 2 to < 6 years: Male 0.8 mg/d, Female 0.8; 6 to < 10
years: Male 1 mg/dL,Female 1; 10 to < 13 years: Male 1.2 mg/dL; Female 1.2; 13 to < 16
years: Male 1.5 mg/dL ; Female 1.4; ≥ 16 years: Male 1.7 mg/dL; Female 1.4;
Adequate Liver Function Defined as:
• Bilirubin (sum of conjugated + unconjugated) ≤ 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) for
age
• AST and ALT ≤ 3x ULN (≤ 5 x ULN for participants with liver involvement)
• Serum albumin ≥ 2 g/dL.
For patients with liver disease caused by histiocytic disorder:
• Patients may be enrolled with abnormal bilirubin, AST, ALT and albumin with documentation
of histiocytic liver disease.
Adequate Cardiac Function Defined as:
• Fractional shortening (FS) of ≥ 30% or ejection fraction of ≥ 50% by echocardiogram at
baseline, as determined by echocardiography or multigated acquisition scan (MUGA) within 28
days prior to enrollment. Depending on institutional standard, either FS or LVEF is
adequate for enrollment if only one value is measured; if both values are measured, then
both values must meet criteria above
Pregnancy/Birth Control
• Female patients of childbearing potential require a negative urine or serum pregnancy
test for eligibility and again at database registration, if more than 2 weeks has
elapsed.
• Female patients of childbearing potential must agree to follow the contraceptive
requirements using two forms of effective contraceptive methods for the duration of
the study treatment. Male patients with sexual partners who are pregnant or who could
become pregnant (i.e., women of child-bearing potential) must agree to use two forms
of effective methods of contraception (one of which must be a barrier method) during
the treatment period and for at least 3 months after the last dose of the study drug
to avoid pregnancy and/or potential adverse effects on a developing embryo. Agreement
to true abstinence (not periodic abstinence or withdrawal method) is an acceptable
method of birth control.
EXCLUSION CRITERIA:
• Prior and Concomitant Use of Drugs with CYP3A4 inducing/inhibiting activity: Patient
taking strong inducers or inhibitors of CYP3A4 within 14 days prior to study enrollment,
including but not limited to the following: erythromycin, clarithromycin, ketoconazole,
azithromycin, itraconazole, grapefruit juice or St. John's wort.
• Prior Therapy Restrictions Completion of previous chemotherapy, immunotherapy,
radiotherapy, or targeted therapy for LCH (or other histiocytic disorder) at least 28
days (except where specified below) prior to study enrollment, with resolution of all
associated toxicity to ≤ Grade 1 prior to study enrollment (exception for alopecia and
ototoxicity which do not need to be resolved ≤ Grade 1). Patients must have fully
recovered from the acute toxic effects of all prior anti-cancer therapy and must meet
the following minimum duration from prior anti-cancer directed therapy prior to
enrollment. If after the required timeframe, the laboratory eligibility criteria are
met, the patient is considered to have recovered adequately.
• Radiation therapy within the 28 days prior to enrollment.
• Any prior treatment with Cobimetinib.
• Treatment with a long-acting hematopoietic growth factor within 14 days prior to
initiation of study drug or a short-acting hematopoietic growth factor within 7
days prior to enrollment.
• Treatment with hormonal therapy (except hormone replacement therapy or oral
contraceptives), immunotherapy, biologic therapy, investigational therapy, or
herbal cancer therapy within 28 days or < 5 half-lives, whichever is longer,
prior to study enrollment.
• Treatment with high-dose chemotherapy and stem-cell rescue (autologous stem cell
transplant) or allogeneic stem cell transplant within 90 days prior to
enrollment. Anti-GVHD agents post-transplant: Patients who are receiving
cyclosporine, tacrolimus or other agents to prevent graft-versus-host disease
post bone marrow transplant are not eligible for this trial.
• For patients with brain tumors (intracranial masses), use of anticoagulants
within 7 days prior to enrollment.
• Corticosteroid therapy <0.5 mg/kg/day averaged during the month prior to study
enrollment is permissible but must be discontinued fourteen (14) days prior to
enrollment. Patients with documented brain lesions receiving corticosteroids for
management of cerebral edema must be on a stable dose for fourteen (14) days
prior to enrollment.
• Patient has received treatment with investigational therapy within 4 weeks prior
to initiation of study drug.
• Patients taking anticoagulants or have a pre-existing bleeding disorder unrelated
to histiocytic disease.
• Exclusions for other illness
• Other active malignancy or history of secondary malignancy.
• Refractory nausea and vomiting, malabsorption, external biliary shunt
• Infection: Patients who have a known active infection (excluding documented
fungal infection of the nail beds) within 28 days prior to enrollment that has
not completely resolved.
• Major surgical procedure or significant traumatic injury within 28 days prior to
enrollment, or anticipation of need for major surgical procedure during the
course of the study. Placement of a vascular access device or minor surgery is
permitted within fourteen (14) days prior to study enrollment (provided that the
wound has healed).
• History of significant bowel resection that would preclude adequate absorption or
other significant malabsorptive disease.
• History of pneumonitis.
• Ophthalmologic considerations: Patients with known significant ophthalmologic
conditions or known risk factors for retinal vein occlusion are not eligible.
Specifically, patients with a history of retinal vein occlusion (RVO), retinal
detachment, retinal pathology on ophthalmologic exam, retinopathy of prematurity,
central serous chorioretinopathy (CSSCR), neovascular retinopathy, intraocular
pressure > 21 mmHg, and predisposing factors to RVO (e.g., uncontrolled
hypertension, diabetes, or hyperlipidemia, coagulopathy) will be excluded.
Patients with longstanding and stable ophthalmologic findings secondary to
existing conditions are eligible with appropriate written documentation and
approval from Study Chair.
• History of solid organ transplantation: Patients who have received a prior solid
organ transplantation are not eligible.
• Any other disease, metabolic or psychological dysfunction, physical examination
finding, or clinical laboratory finding giving reasonable suspicion of a disease
or condition that in the opinion of the investigator contraindicates use of an
investigational drug or places the patient at unacceptable risk from treatment
complications.
• History of clinically significant cardiac dysfunction, including the following:
• Clinically significant cardiac arrhythmias including brady-arrhythmias and/or
patients who require anti-arrhythmic therapy (with the exception of beta blockers
or digoxin). Patients with controlled atrial fibrillation are not excluded.
• Unstable arrhythmia
• Unstable angina, or new-onset angina within 3 months prior to initiation of study
treatment
• Symptomatic congestive heart failure, defined as New York Heart Association Class
II or higher
• Myocardial infarction within 3 months prior to initiation of study treatment
• Known chronic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
• History of Grade ≥ 2 CNS hemorrhage or history of any CNS hemorrhage within 28 days of
enrollment.
• Female patients who are pregnant or lactating. Pregnant or lactating women will not be
entered on this study because there is no available information regarding human fetal
or teratogenic toxicities.
Drug: Cobimetinib
Langerhan's Cell Histiocytosis, Juvenile Xanthogranuloma, Erdheim-Chester Disease, Rosai Dorfman Disease, Neuro-Degenerative Disease, Histiocytic Sarcoma, Histiocytic Disorders, Malignant, Bones and Joints, Brain and Nervous System, Liver, Lung/Thoracic, Other Hematopoietic
A Clinical Trial of BP1002 in Patients With Advanced Lymphoid Malignancies
This study evaluates the safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of BP1002 (L-Bcl-2) antisense
oligonucleotide in patients with advanced lymphoid malignancies. Up to 12 evaluable patients
with a diagnosis of relapsed or refractory lymphoid malignancies are expected to participate.
• Adults ≥18 years of age
• Patient has a life expectancy ≥ 3 month
• Patient has relapsed or refractory disease Relapsed lymphoma: Relapsed lymphoma is
disease that has responded to treatment but then returns.
Refractory lymphoma: Failure to achieve complete response at the end of therapy or
progression within 6 months from completion of therapy
• Included Diseases
• DLBCL, including transformed lymphoma
• Mantle Cell Lymphoma
• PTCL
• CTCL
• CLL/SLL
• Follicular lymphoma
• Marginal zone lymphoma
• Hodgkin lymphoma (both classical and lymphocyte predominant)
• Waldenströms Macroglobulinemia
• Must has failed or is not a candidate for available therapies with reasonable
likelihood of clinical benefit, which includes FDA approved products and standard of
care regimens
• Therapy means at least three front lines of therapy including Hematopoeitic Stem Cell
Transplant (HSCT and/or Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T cells, when applicable
• Females must be of non-childbearing potential, surgically sterile, postmenopausal, or
practice adequate methods of contraception during the study
• Males must agree to use an adequate method of contraception during the study
• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance score of 0, 1, or 2
• Adequate hepatic and renal functions as defined by:
• Aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) ≤2.5 times the upper
limit of normal (ULN); and
• Total bilirubin ≤1.5 times ULN; and
• Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of at least 50ml/min. These
estimations can be calculated using the following methods:
• Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-Epi) equation
• Cockcroft Gault equation
• Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD study equation)
• Creatinine clearance estimated by 24-hr urine collection for creatinine
clearance
• Recovered from the effects of any prior surgery, radiotherapy, or antineoplastic
treatment (with the exception of alopecia), based on Investigator assessment
• Willing and able to provide written informed consent
Exclusion Criteria:
• Active non-hematologic malignancy other than lymphoid malignancies treated with
immuno- or chemotherapy within the previous 12 months except active non-melanoma,
non-invasive skin cancer will be allowed
• Known, active Central Nervous System (CNS) involvement of disease requiring
intrathecal therapy. Note: Patients with a history of CNS disease may be allowed to
participate based on at least 1 documented, negative spinal fluid assessment within 28
days prior to Screening
• Patient eligible for high dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplant
• Indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma (iNHL)
• Patients at high risk of Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS)
a. Bulky disease i. A unidimensional lesion greater than 10 cm and/or b. Lymphocyte
count greater than 25,000 per µL
• Receipt of any anti-cancer therapy within 14 days prior to Cycle 1 Day 1 (C1D1)
• Uncontrolled active, untreated, or progressive infection
• Receipt of any investigational agent or on study treatment within 30 days prior to
C1D1
• Females who are pregnant, test positive for pregnancy, or are breast-feeding during
the Screening period, or intend to become pregnant or breast-feed during the course of
the study or within 30 days after last dose of study drug
• Serious intercurrent medical or psychiatric illness which, in the opinion of the
Investigator, would interfere with the ability of the participant to complete the
study
• Active hepatitis B infection (based on positive surface antigen [HBsAg]), hepatitis C
infection (based on Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) positive antibody [HCV Ab]), or human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1 or HIV-2, based on positive antibody)
• Presence of concurrent conditions that, in the opinion of the Investigator and/or
Medical Monitor, may compromise or interfere with any aspect of study conduct or
interpretation of results. This includes, but is not limited to, unstable or
uncontrolled angina, New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III or IV congestive
heart failure, uncontrolled and sustained hypertension, clinically significant cardiac
dysrhythmia or clinically significant baseline EKG abnormality (e.g., QTcF >470 msec)
• Within the past 6 months, has had any of the following: myocardial infarction,
unstable angina pectoris, coronary/peripheral artery bypass graft, cerebrovascular
accident or transient ischemic attack
• Uncontrolled seizure disorder
• Unable or unwilling to communicate or cooperate with the Investigator or follow the
protocol for any reason.
Testing the Addition of a New Anti-cancer Drug, Radium-223 Dichloride, to the Usual Treatment (Cabozantinib) for Advanced Renal Cell Cancer That Has Spread to the Bone, RadiCaL Study
This phase II trial studies whether adding radium-223 dichloride to the usual treatment, cabozantinib, improves outcomes in patients with renal cell cancer that has spread to the bone. Radioactive drugs such as radium-223 dichloride may directly target radiation to cancer cells and minimize harm to normal cells. Cabozantinib may stop the growth of cancer cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. Giving radium-223 dichloride and cabozantinib may help lessen the pain and symptoms from renal cell cancer that has spread to the bone, compared to cabozantinib alone.
* Documented histologic or cytologic diagnosis of renal cell cancer (RCC). All subtypes of RCC are eligible including but not limited to clear cell, papillary, chromophobe, translocation, collecting duct carcinoma, medullary carcinoma, and unclassified categories. Enrollment of non-clear cell patients will be limited to 20% of the total sample size (\~ 42 patients). Once this goal is met, accrual of non-clear cell patients will be discontinued (a notice will be sent out 2 weeks in advance). Sarcomatoid and rhabdoid differentiation are allowed
* Presence of at least 1 metastatic bone lesion not treated with prior radiation is required.
* The presence of bone metastases can be detected by computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Tc-99m bone scan or positron emission tomography (PET) (fludeoxyglucose F-18 \[FDG\] or sodium fluoride \[NaF\]) imaging. Patients with non-measurable bone-only disease are allowed. Patients may have received prior radiation therapy for bone metastases or other external radiation \>= 7 days prior to registration, as long as they still have at least 1 metastatic bone lesion not treated with radiation. Patients with visceral metastases are allowed, as long as they have at least one untreated bone metastases
* No prior treatment with cabozantinib
* No treatment with any type of small molecular kinase inhibitor (including investigational kinase inhibitors) within 2 weeks or 5 half-lives (whichever is shorter) of registration or receipt of any anti-cancer therapy (including investigational therapy, monoclonal antibodies, cytokine therapy) within 3 weeks of registration
* No prior hemibody external radiotherapy
* No prior therapy with radium-223 dichloride or systemic radiotherapy (such as samarium, strontium)
* No major surgery within 6 weeks of randomization. Procedures such as thoracentesis, paracentesis, percutaneous biopsy, Moh's or other topical skin surgery, Lasik eye surgery are not considered major surgery. Patients who have had a nephrectomy may be registered \>= 3 weeks after surgery, providing there are no wound-healing complications. Subjects with clinically relevant ongoing complications from prior surgery are not eligible
* Recovery to baseline or =\< grade 1 CTCAE version 5.0 from toxicity related to any prior treatment, unless adverse events are clinically nonsignificant and/or stable on supportive therapy
* The use of osteoclast targeted therapy including either bisphosphonates or denosumab is mandated on this study except in patients with contraindications as determined by the treating investigator, including:
* Hypocalcemia
* Hypophosphatemia
* Renal impairment including those with a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) \< 35 mL/min using the Cockcroft-Gault equation or acute renal impairment
* Hypersensitivity to drug formulation
* Dental condition or need for dental intervention that per the investigator would increase the risk of osteonecrosis of jaw (ONJ).
* Use of osteoclast targeted therapy or reason against use needs to be recorded in the electronic case report form (eCRF). Additionally, reason for discontinuation of osteoclast targeted therapy need to be appropriately documented in the eCRF
* Not pregnant and not nursing, because this study involves an investigational agent whose genotoxic, mutagenic and teratogenic effects on the developing fetus and newborn are unknown.
* Therefore, for women of childbearing potential only, a negative urine pregnancy test done =\< 28 days prior to registration is required. A female of childbearing potential is a sexually mature female who: 1) has not undergone a hysterectomy or bilateral oophorectomy; or 2) has not been naturally postmenopausal for at least 12 consecutive months (i.e., has had menses at any time in the preceding 12 consecutive months)
* Age \>= 18 years
* Karnofsky performance status \>= 60%
* No brain metastases or cranial epidural disease unless adequately treated with radiotherapy, radiosurgery, or surgery and stable for at least 4 weeks prior to registration as documented by MRI or CT imaging or deemed stable by clinical investigator. Treated brain metastases are defined as having no ongoing requirement for steroids and no evidence of progression or hemorrhage after treatment for at least 4 weeks prior to registration as documented by MRI or CT imaging or deemed stable by clinical investigator
* No imminent or established spinal cord compression based on clinical symptoms and/or imaging. In patients with untreated imminent or established spinal cord compression, treatment with standard of care as clinically indicated should be completed at least 2 weeks before registration
* No imminent or impending pathologic fracture based on clinical symptoms and/or imaging. In patients with untreated imminent or impending pathologic fracture, treatment with standard of care as clinically indicated should be completed at least 2 weeks before registration
* No significant, uncontrolled intercurrent or recent illness, including but not limited to the following conditions:
* Cardiovascular disorders: Symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, serious cardiac arrhythmia; uncontrolled hypertension defined as sustained blood pressure \> 150 mm Hg systolic or \> 100 mm Hg diastolic despite optimal antihypertensive treatment; stroke (including transient ischemic attack), myocardial infarction, or other ischemic event, within 6 months before randomization; thromboembolic event (e.g., deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism) within 1 month before randomization
* Gastrointestinal disorders: Disorders associated with a high risk of perforation or fistula formation: active inflammatory bowel disease, active diverticulitis, active cholecystitis, active symptomatic cholangitis or active appendicitis, active acute pancreatitis or active acute obstruction of the pancreatic or biliary duct, or active gastric outlet obstruction; abdominal fistula, gastrointestinal perforation, bowel obstruction, or intra-abdominal abscess within 3 months before randomization. Note: Complete healing of an intra-abdominal abscess must be confirmed before randomization
* No clinically significant hematuria, hematemesis, or hemoptysis, or other history of significant bleeding (e.g., pulmonary hemorrhage) within 3 months before randomization
* No lesions invading major pulmonary blood vessels
* No other clinically significant disorders:
* Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients on effective anti-retroviral therapy (with no medications prohibited by this protocol \[e.g. drug-drug interactions\]) with undetectable viral load within 6 months are eligible for this trial
* For patients with evidence of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, the HBV viral load must be undetectable on suppressive therapy (with no medications prohibited by this protocol \[e.g. drug-drug interactions\]), if indicated
* Patients with a history of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection must have been treated and cured. For patients with HCV infection who are currently on treatment, they are eligible if they have an undetectable HCV viral load (with no medications prohibited by this protocol \[e.g. drug-drug interactions\])
* No serious non-healing wound or ulcer
* No malabsorption syndrome
* No uncompensated/symptomatic hypothyroidism
* No moderate to severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh B or C)
* No requirements for hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis
* No history of solid organ transplantation
* No chronic concomitant treatment with strong CYP3A4 inducers or inhibitors. Because the list of these agents is constantly changing, it is important to regularly consult a frequently updated medical reference. Patients may not have received a strong CYP3A4 inducer within 12 days prior to registration nor a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor within 7 days prior to registration
* No concomitant anticoagulation with coumarin agents (e.g., warfarin), direct thrombin inhibitors (e.g., dabigatran), direct factor Xa inhibitor betrixaban, or platelet inhibitors (e.g., clopidogrel). Allowed anticoagulants include:
* Prophylactic use of low-dose aspirin for cardio-protection (per local applicable guidelines) and low-dose low molecular weight heparins (LMWH).
* Therapeutic doses of LMWH or anticoagulation with direct factor Xa inhibitors rivaroxaban, edoxaban, or apixaban in subjects without known brain metastases who are on a stable dose of the anticoagulant for at least 1 week before first dose of study treatment without clinically significant hemorrhagic complications from the anticoagulation regimen or the tumor.
* Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) \>= 1,500/mm\^3
* Platelet count \>= 100,000/mm\^3
* Hemoglobin \>= 9 g/dl (transfusions allowed)
* Calculated (calc.) creatinine clearance \>= 30 mL/min using the Cockcroft-Gault equation
* Total bilirubin =\< 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN), for patients with Gilberts disease =\< 3.0 x ULN
* Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) =\< 3.0 x ULN
* Urine protein to creatinine (UPC) ratio =\< 2 mg/mg OR 24-hr urine protein \< 2 g
Radiation Medication (Radium-223 Dichloride) Versus Radium-223 Dichloride Plus Radiation Enhancing Medication (M3814) Versus Radium-223 Dichloride Plus M3814 Plus Avelumab (a Type of Immunotherapy) for Advanced Prostate Cancer Not Responsive to Hormonal Therapy
This phase I/II trial studies the best dose of M3814 when given together with radium-223 dichloride or with radium-223 dichloride and avelumab and to see how well they work in treating patients with castrate-resistant prostate cancer that had spread to other places in the body (metastatic). M3814 may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. Radioactive drugs, such as radium-223 dichloride, may carry radiation directly to tumor cells and not harm normal cells. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as avelumab, may help the body's immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. This study is being done to find out the better treatment between radium-223 dichloride alone, radium-223 dichloride in combination with M3814, or radium-223 dichloride in combination with both M3814 and avelumab, to lower the chance of prostate cancer growing or spreading in the bone, and if this approach is better or worse than the usual approach for advanced prostate cancer not responsive to hormonal therapy.
* PHASE 1: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status =\< 1 (Karnofsky \>= 70%)
* PHASE 2: ECOG performance status =\< 2 (Karnofsky \>= 60%)
* Unless a patient has had orchiectomy by surgery, the patient is expected to be on antiandrogen therapy (ADT) for "medical castration". ADT needs to be maintained throughout the study. Testosterone level should be checked, and kept consistently lower than 50 ng/dL, similar to that obtained with bilateral orchiectomy
* Progressive castration-resistant prostate cancer with two or more skeletal metastases identified by 99mTC bone scintigraphy. One or more lymph node metastases allowed, but not mandatory. Lymph node metastases in each individually must measure less than 3 cm in the longest dimension. Visible visceral organ metastases are not allowed. A diagnosis of prostate cancer must have been histologically confirmed at any time point
* Baseline prostatic specific antigen (PSA) level of 1 ng/mL or higher with evidence of progressively increasing PSA values (two consecutive increases over the previous reference value)
* Progression after at least one of the following: abiraterone, enzalutamide, apalutamide, darolutamide, or taxane chemotherapy (docetaxel, cabazitaxel). There is no maximum number of prior therapies. Prior immunotherapies (for example, Sipuleucel-T or pembrolizumab) do not exclude the patient from participation
* Age \>= 18 years. Castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) affects older adults and is rarely encountered in children and adolescents
* Life expectancy \>= 6 months
* Albumin \> 2.5 mg/dL
* Hemoglobin \> 9 g/dL
* Leukocytes \>= 3,000/mcL
* Absolute neutrophil count \>= 1,500/mcL
* Platelets \>= 100,000/mcL
* Total bilirubin =\< 1.5 x institutional upper limit of normal (ULN) (with the exception of \< 3 mg/dL for patients with Gilbert's disease)
* Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)(serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase \[SGOT\])/alanine aminotransferase (ALT)(serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase \[SGPT\]) =\< 3 x institutional ULN
* Creatinine =\< 1.5 x institutional ULN OR
* Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) \>= 40 mL/min/1.73 m\^2
* Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients on effective anti-retroviral therapy (with no medications prohibited by this protocol \[e.g. drug-drug interactions\]) with undetectable viral load within 6 months are eligible for this trial
* For patients with evidence of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, the HBV viral load must be undetectable on suppressive therapy (with no medications prohibited by this protocol \[e.g. drug-drug interactions\]), if indicated
* Patients with a history of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection must have been treated and cured. For patients with HCV infection who are currently on treatment, they are eligible if they have an undetectable HCV viral load (with no medications prohibited by this protocol \[e.g. drug-drug interactions\])
* Patients with a prior or concurrent malignancy whose natural history or treatment does not have the potential to interfere with the safety or efficacy assessment of the investigational regimen are eligible for this trial
* Patients with known history or current symptoms of cardiac disease, or history of treatment with cardiotoxic agents, should have a clinical risk assessment of cardiac function using the New York Heart Association Functional classification. To be eligible for this trial, patients should be class 2B or better
* Concomitant use of physiologic corticosteroids is allowed
* Concomitant use of bisphosphonates is allowed (use of bone health agents is mandatory - either denosumab \[preferred\] or bisphosphonates)
* The effects of radium-223 dichloride, M3814, and avelumab on the developing human fetus are unknown. Men treated or enrolled on this protocol must also agree to use adequate contraception prior to the study, for the duration of study participation, and 6 months after completion of Radium-223 dichloride, M3814, and avelumab administration
* Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document. Participants with impaired decision-making capacity (IDMC) who have a legally-authorized representative (LAR) and/or family member available will also be eligible
* Patients must be able to swallow orally administered medication
* Patients with asymptomatic, treated brain metastases are permitted if there is no evidence of progression for at least 4 weeks after central nervous system (CNS)-directed treatment, as ascertained by clinical examination and brain imaging (magnetic resonance imaging \[MRI\] or CT scan) during the screening period
Exclusion Criteria:
* Active autoimmune conditions or patients on chronic immunosuppression due to underlying autoimmune condition
* Patients who have had chemotherapy or radiotherapy within 4 weeks prior to entering the study
* Patients who have not recovered from adverse events due to prior anti-cancer therapy (i.e., have residual toxicities \> grade 1) with the exception of alopecia
* Patients who are receiving any other investigational agents
* Patients who have had previous hemibody external radiation
* Patients who have had systemic radiotherapy with radioisotopes
* Patients who have imminent/established spinal cord compression, pathological fracture in weight bearing bones or bone lesion with soft tissue component unless treated as appropriate with radiation and/or surgery before starting on trial
* Patients who have a history of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to radium-223 dichloride, M3814, or avelumab
* Patients unable to discontinue medications or substances that are potent inhibitors, inducers or sensitive substrates of CYP3A4/5 or CYP2C19 prior to study treatment are ineligible.
* Medications or substances that are strong inhibitors of CYP3A4/5 or CYP2C19 must be discontinued at least 1 week prior to first M3814 dose.
* Medications or substances that are strong inducers of CYP3A4/5 or CYP2C19 must be stopped at least 3 weeks prior to the first M3814 dose.
* Drugs mainly metabolized by CYP3A with a narrow therapeutic index (as judged by the Investigator or authorized designee) must be discontinued at least 1 day prior to first M3814 dose.
* Note: Because the lists of these agents are constantly changing, it is important to regularly consult a frequently- updated medical reference. As part of the enrollment/informed consent procedures, the patient will be counseled on the risk of interactions with other agents, and what to do if new medications need to be prescribed or if the patient is considering a new over-the- counter medicine or herbal product.
* Radium-223 dichloride should not be given concurrently with abiraterone plus prednisone/prednisolone
* Patients with uncontrolled intercurrent illness
* Patients with psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements
* Patients must not have an active infection requiring systemic treatment
* Patients must not use immunosuppressive medication =\< 7 days of registration, EXCEPT for the following:
* Intranasal, inhaled, topical steroids, or local steroid injection (e.g., intra-articular injection)
* Systemic corticosteroids at physiologic doses =\< 10 mg/day of prednisone or equivalent
* Steroids as premedication for hypersensitivity reactions (e.g., CT scan premedication)
* Patients who cannot discontinue concomitant H2 blockers or proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs). Patients may confer with the study doctor to determine if such medications can be discontinued. These must be discontinued \>= 5 days prior to study treatment. Patients do not need to discontinue calcium carbonate
* Patients receiving sorivudine or any chemically related analogues (such as brivudine) are excluded
* Patients with a known history or present osteonecrosis of the jaw
DRUG: Avelumab, PROCEDURE: Biospecimen Collection, PROCEDURE: Bone Scan, PROCEDURE: Computed Tomography, PROCEDURE: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, DRUG: Peposertib, OTHER: Questionnaire Administration, RADIATION: Radium Ra 223 Dichloride
Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Carcinoma, Metastatic Malignant Neoplasm in the Bone, Metastatic Malignant Neoplasm in the Lymph Nodes, Stage IV Prostate Cancer AJCC v8, Prostate
A Study to Evaluate Safety, Efficacy and Pharmacokinetics of Paricalcitol For Treatment of Secondary Hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) in Pediatric Participants With Stage 5 Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)
The main objective of this study is to evaluate the safety, efficacy and pharmacokinetics of paricalcitol oral solution in pediatric participants of ages 0 to 9 years with SHPT associated with stage 5 CKD receiving Peritoneal Dialysis (PD) or Hemodialysis (HD). The 24-week study is divided into two 12-week dosing periods (Dosing Period 1 followed by Dosing Period 2).
* Participant is currently diagnosed with and/or being treated for secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT).
* Participant must be diagnosed with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 5 receiving peritoneal dialysis (PD) or hemodialysis (HD) for at least 30 days prior to initial Screening.
* For entry into the Washout Period (for vitamin D receptor activator \[VDRA\] non-naive participants), the participant must meet the appropriate laboratory criteria based upon the participant's age as described in the protocol.
* For entry into the Dosing Period (for VDRA-naive participants or VDRA non-naive participants who have completed the Washout Period), the participant must meet the appropriate laboratory criteria based upon the participant's age as described in the protocol.
Exclusion Criteria:
* Participant is scheduled to receive a living donor kidney transplant within 3 months of Screening or is a kidney transplant recipient.
* Participant is expected to discontinue peritoneal dialysis (PD) or hemodialysis (HD) within 3 months of the initial Screening visit.
* Participant has had a parathyroidectomy within 12 weeks prior to Screening.
* Participant is taking maintenance calcitonin, bisphosphonates, glucocorticoids (in a dose equivalent to more than \> 0.16 mg/kg/day or 5 mg prednisone/day, whichever is lower), 4 weeks prior to Dosing.
* Participant is receiving calcimimetics at the time of Screening or is expected to initiate calcimimetics at any time throughout the study.
* Participant is unable to take oral medications.
Efficacy and Safety of Benralizumab in Moderate to Very Severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) With a History of Frequent Exacerbations (RESOLUTE)
Phase 3 study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a benralizumab in patients with moderate
to very severe COPD with a history of frequent COPD exacerbations and elevated peripheral
blood eosinophils (≥300/μL).
Eligible patients must have a history of ≥2 moderate and/or severe COPD exacerbations in the
previous year despite receiving triple (ICS/LABA/LAMA) background therapy for at least 3
months and ICS-based dual inhaled treatment for the remainder of the year. Eligible patients
must also have an elevated blood eosinophil count.
The treatment period will be of variable duration and will continue until the last patient
has the opportunity to complete a minimum of 56 weeks, at which point all patients will
complete the study. The primary endpoint will be analyzed at Week 56.
• Provision of informed consent
• Age 40 to 85 years
• Male and/or female.
• Current or former smoker with a tobacco history of ≥10 pack-years.
• History of moderate to very severe COPD with a post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC<0.70 and
FEV1 ≤65% of predicted normal value.
• Documented history of 2 or more COPD exacerbations that required treatment with
systemic corticosteroids and/or hospitalization within 52 weeks prior to enrollment.
• Exacerbations treated with antibiotics alone are excluded unless accompanied by
treatment with systemic corticosteroids and/or hospitalization.
• Hospitalization is defined as an inpatient admission ≥24 hours
• Previous exacerbations should be confirmed to have occurred while on stable
triple therapy for COPD.
• At least one qualifying COPD exacerbation should occur while on stable
uninterrupted triple therapy prior to enrolment.
• Documented use of triple (ICS/LABA/LAMA) background therapy for COPD for ≥3 months
immediately prior to enrollment.
• Treatment with at least double inhaled therapy containing ICS (e.g. ICS/LABA or
ICS/LAMA) for the remaining of 52 weeks prior to enrolment. Use of LABA/LAMA is
allowed if ICS cannot be tolerated.
• ICS in a dose approved for COPD or equivalent to ≥250 mcg of fluticasone
propionate daily.
• Total cumulative duration of not being on double or triple background therapy
must not exceed 2 months.
• Stable therapy/doses for the last 3 months prior to randomization.
• Blood eosinophil count ≥300/μL at screening and documented historical eosinophil count
of ≥150/μL within 52 weeks of enrollment (or repeated testing during run-in).
• CAT total score ≥15 at Visit 1.
• Negative pregnancy test for females of childbearing potential (WOCBP) at Visit 1.
• Women of childbearing potential (WOCBP) must agree to use a highly effective method of
birth control from enrollment throughout the study and within 12 weeks after last dose
of IP.
Women not of childbearing potential are defined as women who are either permanently
sterilized or postmenopausal (confirmed by FSH test for women <50 years).
Exclusion Criteria:
• Clinically important pulmonary disease other than COPD
• Current diagnosis of asthma, prior history of asthma or asthma-COPD overlap according
to GINA/GOLD. Childhood history of asthma is allowed and defined as asthma diagnosed
and resolved before the age of 18.
• Radiological findings of a respiratory disease other than COPD contributing to
respiratory symptoms. Solitary pulmonary nodules without appropriate follow up or
findings of acute infection.
• Another pulmonary or systemic disease associated with elevated peripheral eosinophil
counts.
• Any unstable disorder that could affect patient safety, study findings or the
patient's ability to complete the study.
• Any clinically significant abnormal findings in physical examination, vital signs,
ECG, laboratory tests could affect patient safety, study findings or the patient's
ability to complete the study.
• Cor pulmonale and/or right ventricular failure.
• Long-term treatment with oxygen >4.0 L/min and/or oxyhemoglobin saturation <89% while
breathing supplemental oxygen.
• Use of any non-invasive positive pressure ventilation device (NIPPV). Note: use of
CPAP for Sleep Apnea Syndrome is allowed.
• Known immunodeficiency disorder, including positive HIV-1/2 testing.
• Active liver disease. Chronic stable hepatitis B and C (including positive HBsAg or
hepatitis C antibody testing), or other stable chronic liver disease are acceptable.
• ALT or AST ≥3 times the upper limit of normal, confirmed by repeated testing during
the run-in period.
• Helminth parasitic infection within 24 weeks prior to enrollment, not treated or
failed to respond to standard of care therapy.
• Alcohol or drug abuse within the past year, which may compromise the study data.
• Malignancy, current or within the past 5 years, except for adequately treated non
invasive basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin and cervical
carcinoma-in-situ treated with apparent success more than 1 year prior to Visit 1.
Suspected malignancy or undefined neoplasms.
• Evidence of active tuberculosis, as judged by investigator. Patients with a recent
(within 2 years) first-time or newly positive PPD or Quantiferon test need to complete
an appropriate course of treatment before enrollment. Evaluation will be according to
the local standard of care.
• Participation, or planned participation, in intensive COPD rehabilitation program
(maintenance phase of a rehabilitation is allowed).
• History of surgical or endoscopic lung volume reduction within the 6 months prior to
enrollment. History of partial or total lung resection (single lobe or segmentectomy
is acceptable).
• Scheduled major surgical procedure during the study. Minor elective procedures are
allowed.
• History of anaphylaxis to any biologic therapy or vaccine.
• Receipt of blood products or immunoglobulins within 30 days prior to randomization.
• Receipt of marketed or investigational biologic product within 4 months or 5
half-lives prior to randomization, whichever is longer. Exception: Patients on stable
therapy for 3 months before randomization who intend to stay on treatment throughout
the study with marketed biologic products that are not likely to interfere with the
safety assessment and/or efficacy of benralizumab, for example, for the treatment of
osteoporosis, migraine, pain, diabetes, obesity, ocular, cardiovascular, or metabolic
diseases, can participate in the study.
• Receipt of live attenuated vaccines 30 days prior to randomization.
• Chronic use of immunosuppressive medication or expected need for chronic use during
the study.
• Chronic use of antibiotics if duration of treatment is <9 months prior to
randomization. Chronic macrolide or other antibiotic therapy is allowed provided the
patient has been on stable dose/regimen for ≥9 months prior to randomization and has
had ≥2 COPD exacerbations while on stable therapy.
• Receipt of any investigational non-biologic product within 30 days or 5 half-lives
prior to enrollment.
• Receipt of benralizumab within 12 months prior to enrollment.
• Known history of allergy or reaction to any component of the IP formulation.
Best Available Therapy Versus Autologous Hematopoetic Stem Cell Transplant for Multiple Sclerosis (BEAT-MS) (BEAT-MS)
This is a multi-center prospective rater-masked (blinded) randomized controlled trial of 156 participants, comparing the treatment strategy of Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (AHSCT) to the treatment strategy of Best Available Therapy (BAT) for treatment-resistant relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS). Participants will be randomized at a 1 to 1 (1:1) ratio.
All participants will be followed for 72 months after randomization (Day 0, Visit 0).
• Age 18 to 55 years, inclusive, at the time of the screening Visit -2.
• Diagnosis of MS according to the 2017 McDonald Criteria139.
• EDSS ≤ 6.0 at the time of randomization (Day 0).
• T2 abnormalities on brain MRI that fulfill the 2017 McDonald MRI criteria for dissemination in space139. A detailed MRI report or MRI images must be available for review by the site neurology investigator.
• Highly active treatment-resistant relapsing MS, defined as ≥ 2 episodes of disease activity in the 36 months prior to the screening visit (Visit -2). The two disease activity episodes will be a clinical MS relapse or MRI evidence of MS disease activity and must meet all the criteria described below:
• At least one episode of disease activity must occur following ≥ 1 month of treatment with one of the following: (i) an oral DMT approved by the FDA for the treatment of relapsing MS, or (ii) a monoclonal antibody approved by the FDA for the treatment of relapsing MS, or (iii) rituximab. Qualifying DMTs include: dimethyl fumarate, diroximel fumarate, monomethyl fumarate, teriflunomide, cladribine, daclizumab, ponesimod, siponimod, ozanimod, fingolimod, rituximab, ocrelizumab, natalizumab, alemtuzumab, ublituximab, and ofatumumab, and
• At least one episode of disease activity must have occurred within the 12 months prior to the screening visit (Visit -2), and
• At least one episode of disease activity must be a clinical MS relapse (see item c.i. below). The other episode(s) must occur at least one month before or after the onset of the clinical MS relapse, and must be either another clinical MS relapse or MRI evidence of disease activity (see item c.ii. below):
i. Clinical MS relapse must be confirmed by a neurologist's assessment and documented contemporaneously in the medical record. If the clinical MS relapse is not documented in the medical record, it must be approved by the study adjudication committee (see Section 3.5), and ii. MRI evidence of disease activity must include ≥ 1 unique active lesion on one or more brain or spinal cord MRIs. Detailed MRI reports or MRI images must be available for review by the site neurology investigator. A unique active lesion is defined as either of the following:
• A gadolinium-enhancing lesion, or 2. A new non-enhancing T2 lesion compared to a reference scan obtained not more than 36 months prior to the screening visit (Visit -2).
• Candidacy for treatment with at least one of the following high efficacy BAT DMTs: cladribine, natalizumab, alemtuzumab, ocrelizumab, ofatumumab, ublituximab and rituximab. Candidacy for treatment for each BAT DMT is defined as meeting all of the following:
• No prior disease activity episode, as defined in Inclusion Criterion #5, with the candidate BAT DMT, and
• No contraindication to the candidate BAT DMT, and
• No treatment with the candidate BAT DMT in the 12 months prior to screening.
• Completion of COVID-19 vaccination series, according to the current Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommendations, ≥ 14 days prior to randomization (Day 0).
• Positive for VZV antibodies, or completion of at least one dose of the varicella zoster glycoprotein E (gE) Shingrix vaccine at least 4 weeks prior to randomization (Day 0).
• Insurance approval for MS treatment with at least one candidate BAT DMT (see Inclusion Criterion #6).
• Ability to comply with study procedures and provide informed consent, in the opinion of the investigator.
• Females of childbearing potential (defined in Section 5.4.3.1) and males with female partners of childbearing potential are required to adhere to the contraception provisions of Section 5.4.3.1.
• For participants who use medicinal or recreational marijuana, willingness to substitute MARINOL® if randomized to AHSCT (Section 5.4.2.6).
Exclusion Criteria:
• Diagnosis of primary progressive MS according to the 2017 McDonald criteria.
• History of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder or MOG antibody disease.
• Prior treatment with an investigational agent within 3 months or 5 half-lives, whichever is longer. Agents authorized by the FDA for prevention or treatment of COVID-19 are not considered investigational.
• Either of the following within one month prior to randomization (Day 0):
• Onset of acute MS relapse, or
• Treatment with intravenous methylprednisolone 1000 mg/day for 3 days or equivalent.
• Initiation of any BAT DMT (see Section 5.2.1) between Visit -2 and randomization (Day 0).
• Brain MRI or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination indicating a diagnosis of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML).
• History of cytopenia consistent with the diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).
• Presence of unexplained cytopenia, polycythemia, thrombocythemia or leukocytosis.
• History of sickle cell anemia or other hemoglobinopathy.
• Evidence of past or current hepatitis B or hepatitis C infection, including treated hepatitis B or hepatitis C. Hepatitis B surface antibody following hepatitis B immunization is not considered to be evidence of past infection.
• Presence or history of mild to severe cirrhosis.
• Hepatic disease with the presence of either of the following:
• Total bilirubin ≥ 1.5 times the upper limit of normal (ULN) or total bilirubin ≥ 3.0 times the ULN in the presence of Gilbert's syndrome, or
• Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) or Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) ≥ 2.0 times the ULN.
• Positive COVID-19 PCR test, or alternative nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) per institutional standards, within 14 days prior to randomization (Day 0).
• Evidence of HIV infection.
• Positive QuantiFERON - TB Gold,TB Gold Plus, or T-SPOT®.TB test results. PPD tuberculin test may be substituted for QuantiFERON - TB Gold, TB Gold Plus, or T-SPOT®.TB test.
• Active viral, bacterial, endoparasitic, or opportunistic infections.
• Active invasive fungal infection.
• Hospitalization for treatment of infections or parenteral (IV or IM) antibacterials, antivirals, antifungals, or antiparasitic agents within the 30 days prior to randomization (Day 0) unless clearance is obtained from an Infectious Disease specialist.
• Receipt of live or live-attenuated vaccines within 6 weeks of randomization (Day 0).
• Presence or history of clinically significant cardiac disease including: a. Arrhythmia requiring treatment with any antiarrhythmia therapy, with the exception of low dose beta blocker for intermittent premature ventricular contractions.
b. Coronary artery disease with a documented diagnosis of either: i. Chronic exertional angina, or ii. Signs or symptoms of congestive heart failure. c. Evidence of heart valve disease, including any of the following: i. Moderate to severe valve stenosis or insufficiency, or ii. Symptomatic mitral valve prolapse, or iii. Presence of prosthetic mitral or aortic valve.
• Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) \< 50%.
• Impaired renal function defined as eGFR \< 60 mL/min/1.73 m2, according to the CKD-EPI formula144.
• Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) \< 70% predicted (no bronchodilator).
• Diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO) (corrected for Hgb) \< 70% predicted.
• Poorly controlled diabetes mellitus, defined as HbA1c \> 8%.
• History of malignancy, except adequately treated localized basal cell or squamous skin cancer, or carcinoma in situ of the cervix. Malignancies for which the participant is judged to be cured will be considered on an individual basis by the study adjudication committee (see Section 3.5).
• Presence or history of any moderate to severe rheumatologic autoimmune disease requiring treatment, including but not limited to the following: systemic lupus erythematous, systemic sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren's syndrome, polymyositis, dermatomyositis, mixed connective tissue disease, polymyalgia rheumatica, polychondritis, sarcoidosis, vasculitis syndromes, or unspecified collagen vascular disease.
• Presence of active peptic ulcer disease, defined as endoscopic or radiologic diagnosis of gastric or duodenal ulcer.
• Prior history of AHSCT.
• Prior history of solid organ transplantation.
• Positive pregnancy test or breastfeeding.
• Failure to willingly accept or comprehend irreversible sterility as a side effect of therapy.
• Psychiatric illness, mental deficiency, or cognitive dysfunction severe enough to interfere with compliance or informed consent.
• History of hypersensitivity to rabbit or Escherichia coli-derived proteins.
• Any metallic material or electronic device in the body, or other condition that precludes the participant from undergoing MRI with gadolinium administration, as determined by the site radiologist.
• Presence or history of ischemic cerebrovascular disorders, including but not limited to transient ischemic attack, subarachnoid hemorrhage, cerebral thrombosis, cerebral embolism, or cerebral hemorrhage.
• Presence or history of other neurological disorders, including but not limited to CNS or spinal cord tumor; metabolic or infectious cause of myelopathy; genetically-inherited progressive CNS disorder; CNS sarcoidosis; or systemic autoimmune disorders potentially causing progressive neurologic disease or affecting ability to perform the study assessments.
• Presence of any medical comorbidity that the investigator determines will significantly increase the risk of treatment mortality.
• Presence of any other concomitant medical condition that the investigator deems incompatible with trial participation.
PROCEDURE: Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, BIOLOGICAL: Best Available Therapy (BAT)
Prospective Clinical Assessment Study in Children With Achondroplasia (ACH)
This is a long-term, multi-center, observational study in children 2.5 to <17 years with
achondroplasia (ACH). The objective is to evaluate growth, ACH-related medical complications,
assessments of health-related quality of life, body pain, functional abilities, cognitive
functions, and treatments of study participants. No study medication will be administered.
• Signed informed consent by study participant or parent(s) or legally authorized
representative (LAR) and signed informed assent by the study participant (when
applicable)
• Aged 2.5 to <17 years at study entry
• Diagnosis of ACH
• Study participants and parent(s) or LAR(s) are willing and able to comply with study
visits and study procedures
Key
Exclusion Criteria:
• Have hypochondroplasia or short stature condition other than ACH (e.g. trisomy 21,
pseudoachondroplasia, psychosocial short stature)
• In females, having had their menarche
• Height < -2 or > +2 standard deviations for age and sex based on reference tables on
growth in children with ACH
• Annualized height growth velocity ≤1.5 cm/year over a period ≥6 months prior to
screening
• Current evidence of corneal or retinal disorder/keratopathy
• Current evidence of endocrine alterations of calcium/phosphorus homeostasis
• Have a concurrent disease or condition that in the view of the Investigator and/or
Sponsor, may impact growth or where the treatment is known to impact growth.
• Significant abnormality in screening laboratory results.
• Have been treated with growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF 1), or
anabolic steroids in the previous 6 months or long-term treatment (>3 months) at any
time
• Have had regular long-term treatment (>1 month) with oral corticosteroids (low-dose
ongoing inhaled steroid for asthma is acceptable)
• Have had previous guided growth surgery or limb-lengthening surgery within 12 months
prior to screening.
Achondroplasia
Skeletal dysplasia, Endochondral ossification, Achondroplasia (ACH), Shortened proximal limbs, Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3, FGFR3, Endochondral bone formation, Short-limb disproportionate dwarfism, Quality of life in achondroplasia, Dwarfism, Bone diseases, Musculoskeletal diseases, Osteochondrodysplasia, Genetic diseases, Inborn, Functional abilities, Average growth velocity, Average height velocity, growth, Congenital
• Participant is able and willing to provide informed consent (≥18 years), or informed consent is obtained by the parent or legal guardian for minor participants, with the minor providing age appropriate assent, according to local law and regulations;
• Life expectancy ≥ 12 weeks;
• Known high-risk neuroblastoma OR previously intermediate-risk neuroblastoma that has relapsed or progressed to high-risk, with failure to achieve complete response with standard therapy (defined as at least 4 cycles of aggressive multi-drug induction chemotherapy with or without radiation and surgery, or according to a standard high-risk treatment/neuroblastoma protocol), OR who are medically ineligible to receive standard treatment OR who are intolerant to standard treatment;
• Adequate recovery from acute toxic effects of any prior therapy, as deemed by the Investigator or treating Sub-Investigator;
• Adequate liver function as defined by the following laboratory values obtained within 28 days prior to administration of 64Cu-SARTATE: Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) \< 3.0 x upper limit of normal (ULN);
• Adequate renal function;
• Adequate laboratory parameters: Absolute neutrophil count \> 1.0 x 10 9/L; Platelet count \> 50 x 10 9/L; Total bilirubin \<1.5 x ULN;
• Karnofsky or Lansky performance status ≥50;
• All participants must have a hematopoietic stem cell product available (minimum CD34+ cell dose is ≥2 x 10 6 cells/kg);
• Sexually active participants of reproductive potential must practice an effective method of birth control while participating on this study, to avoid possible damage to the fetus. Abstinence is considered acceptable;
• 64Cu-SARTATE uptake on the 4 hour scan (SUVmax) of any lesion equal to or higher than that of the liver in order to move on to the therapy phase of the study.
Exclusion Criteria:
• Participants with disease of any major organ system that would compromise their ability to tolerate therapy, as deemed by the Investigator or treating Sub-Investigator;
• Any other active malignancy, or a history of prior malignancy within the past 3 years;
• History of cardiac failure as evidenced by: dyspnea at rest, exercise intolerance, oxygen requirement, clinically significant cardiac dysfunction;
• Planned administration of chemotherapy, anti-cancer cytokine therapy, immunotherapy or radiotherapy within 2 weeks prior to the administration of 64Cu-SARTATE;
• Administration of therapeutic dose of 131I-MIBG within 8 weeks prior to the administration of 64Cu-SARTATE;
• External beam radiation therapy (EBRT) to both kidneys or a single functioning kidney within 12 months prior to the administration of 64Cu-SARTATE;
• Administration of any investigational agents within 21 days prior to administration of 64Cu-SARTATE;
• Treatment with long acting somatostatin analogues (administered within 28 days prior to the administration of 64Cu-SARTATE), or short acting somatostatin analogues (administered within 24 hours prior to the administration of 64Cu-SARTATE);
• Known sensitivity or allergy to somatostatin analogues;
• Previous peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT);
• Female participants who are pregnant or lactating;
• Participants who are on hemodialysis;
• QTc interval ≥ 0.45 seconds as measured by Screening ECG;
• Participants with uncontrolled infection(s);
• Any medical condition which the Investigator feels may interfere with the procedures or evaluations of the study;
• Participants 12 months and younger will be excluded from cohorts where the planned single or cumulative administered activity is modelled to deliver a radiation dose to the marrow that exceeds 2 Gy.
DRUG: 67Cu-SARTATE, DRUG: 64Cu-SARTATE
Neuroblastoma, Relapsed Neuroblastoma, Refractory Neuroblastoma, Brain and Nervous System
Quasi-Randomized trial to compare inpatient care versus outpatient crisis intervention clinic. This study plans to enroll up to 1,000 participants across 4 sites in a 5 years period.
• Adolescents that are 12 through 17 years old (including 17 year olds who will turn 18 years old during the course of the study).
• Are brought to the Emergency Department (ED) due to suicidal thoughts or behaviors
• Require a higher level of care (OCIC or Inpatient) indicated by clinician determination and a CHRT-SR score of 15 to 52.
• The presence of a legal guardian
• Capable of giving signed informed consent/assent, which includes compliance with the requirements and restrictions listed in the informed consent form (ICF) and in this protocol.
Exclusion Criteria:
• Adolescents with suicidal thoughts that place themselves at a serious imminent risk of suicide based on clinical judgment.
• Adolescents who require 24 hour/day supervision but no adult can provide 24 hour/day supervision outside of the hospital
• Adolescents without the ability to read and answer survey questions
• Adolescents that are non-English speaking due to the scales and surveys that are used for this study only being available in English.
89Zr-DFO-Atezolizumab ImmunoPET/CT in Patients With Locally Advanced or Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
This is an exploratory clinical trial to assess the potential of 89Zr-DFO-Atezolizumab Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET/CT) scans in patients with locally advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). This open label, nontherapeutic trial will test the correlation of 89Zr-DFO-Atezolizumab immunoPET/CT with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and the response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in patients with RCC. There will be two cohorts, one made up of patients with localized RCC who will undergo 89Zr-DFO-Atezolizumab PET/CT prior to nephrectomy and a second cohort of patients with metastatic RCC who will undergo 89Zr-DFO-Atezolizumab PET/CT prior to treatment with an immune checkpoint inhibitor.
* Patients with suspected renal cell carcinoma with planned surgery or patients with metastatic RCC and a tissue diagnosis. (In standard clinical practice, biopsy is not routinely performed in patients who will be having surgery).
* Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent.
* Patient must be able to lie still for a 30 to 60 minute PET/CT scan.
* One of the following:
• Patients with locally advanced RCC planned for surgery determined to be a high risk of recurrence, defined by presence of at least clinical T2 or TxN1, OR patients with metastatic RCC for whom treatment with cytoreductive nephrectomy and/or metastasectomy is planned by the treating physician.
• Patients with metastatic RCC for whom immuno-oncology (IO) therapy is planned.
* Women of child-bearing potential must agree to undergo and have documented a negative pregnancy test on the day of 89Zr-DFO-Atezolizumab administration. A female of child-bearing potential is any woman (regardless of sexual orientation, having undergone a tubal ligation, or remaining celibate by choice) who meets the following criteria:
* Has not undergone a hysterectomy or bilateral oophorectomy; or
* Has not been naturally postmenopausal for at least 12 consecutive months (i.e., has had menses at any time in the preceding 12 consecutive months).
Exclusion Criteria:
* History of severe allergic, anaphylactic, or other hypersensitivity reactions to atezolizumab or any other chimeric or humanized antibodies.
* Uncontrolled severe and irreversible intercurrent illness or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements.
* Subjects must not be pregnant or nursing due to the potential for congenital abnormalities and the potential of this regimen to harm nursing infants.
* Significant autoimmune disease requiring treatment with either prednisone (or steroid equivalent) at a dose \> 10 mg/day or other immunosuppressive agents. (Replacement steroid therapy is acceptable).
* Any patient for whom ICI therapy would be contraindicated for other reasons. Patients with adverse reactions to ICI therapy may undergo second 89Zr-DFO-Atezolizumab injection and PET/CT at the discretion of the treating physician considering that the dose of antibody represents 1% of a single therapeutic dose and therefore unlikely to cause adverse events.
* Subjects unable to provide informed consent.
* Subjects who are claustrophobic or have other contraindications to PET/CT.
* Subjects must not weigh more than the maximum weight limit for the table for the PET/CT scanner where the study is being performed. (\>200 kg or 440 lbs).
Study to Compare the Efficacy and Safety of NT 201 (botulinum Toxin) with Placebo for the Treatment of Lower Limb Spasticity Caused by Stroke or Traumatic Brain Injury (PATTERN)
The purpose of this study is to determine whether a single treatment with administration of 400 Units NT 201 (botulinum toxin) is superior to placebo (no medicine) for the treatment of lower limb spasticity caused by stroke or traumatic brain injury (Main Period). Participants will be assigned to the treatment groups by chance and neither the participants nor the research staff who interact with them will know the allocation.
The following 4 to 5 treatment cycles will investigate the safety and tolerability of treatment with NT 201 (botulinum toxin) when administered in doses between 400 and 800 Units (Open Label Extension Period). All participants will receive the treatment and the dose will depend on whether only lower limb spasticity or combined upper and lower limb spasticity are treated.
* Female or male subject ≥ 18 years and ≤ 85 years at screening
* Diagnosis of lower limb spasticity with or without upper limb spasticity of the same body side caused by stroke or traumatic brain injury
* Disabling ankle flexor spasticity presenting as pes equinus or pes equinovarus
* Modified Ashworth Scale-Bohannon \[MAS\] score of 2 or 3 points in the ankle plantar flexor of the target lower limb (supine position, knee extended)
* Minimum passive range of motion in ankle of the target lower limb (supine position, knee extended): 10°dorsiflexion and 20°plantarflexion
* At least 4 months since last botulinum neurotoxin \[BoNT\] injection for treatment of spasticity or any other condition
* For subjects receiving anticoagulation therapy, the investigator confirms and documents that the subject has an:
* Activated partial thromboplastin time \[aPTT\] ≤ 80 seconds (subjects on dabigatran or other direct thrombin inhibitors) or
* International normalized ratio \[INR\] value of ≤ 2.5 (subjects on coumarins or other anticoagulants monitored by INR)
Exclusion Criteria:
* Generalized disorders of muscle activity (e.g. myasthenia gravis, Lambert Eaton syndrome, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) or any other significant peripheral neuromuscular dysfunction which might interfere with the study
* Bilateral lower limb paresis/paralysis/spasticity or tetraparesis/paralysis/spasticity
* Body weight \< 50 kg
* Severe atrophy of the target limb muscles
* Previous, ongoing or planned treatments of spasticity with intrathecal baclofen
* Previous, ongoing, or planned treatments of spasticity in the target lower limb with any of the following procedures: Surgical Intervention; Alcohol or phenol block; Muscle afferent block
* Physiotherapy or use of orthoses or splints at the target limb initiated less than 4 weeks before screening or expected to change during the double blind phase of the study
* Current or planned treatment with parenterally administered drugs that interfere with neuromuscular transmission (e.g. intrathecal baclofen, tubocurarine type muscle relaxants used in anesthesia), or local anesthetics in the treated region within 2 weeks prior to screening
* Infection or inflammation at the injection sites
* Subjects with presence or history of aspiration pneumonia, recurrent lower respiratory tract infections, or compromised respiratory function as per investigator's clinical judgment
* Pregnancy (as verified by a positive pregnancy test) or breast feeding
DRUG: NT 201, DRUG: Placebo
Lower Limb or Combined Lower Limb and Upper Limb Spasticity Due to Stroke or Traumatic Brain Injury, Other, Brain and Nervous System
UT Southwestern; Parkland Health & Hospital System
* Age ≥ 18 years.
* Histologically confirmed Grade IV GBM, inclusive of gliosarcoma (WHO criteria; IDH wild-type by immunohistochemistry \[IHC\] or sequencing for IDH) established following either a surgical resection or biopsy. An MRI scan with the required imaging sequences performed within 21 days prior to randomization preferably. The post-operative MRI scan performed within 96 hours of surgery or the MRI scan performed for radiation therapy planning may serve as the MRI scan performed during screening if all required imaging sequences were obtained.
* Karnofsky performance status ≥ 60% performed within a 14-day window prior to randomization.
* Availability of tumor tissue representative of GBM from definitive surgery or biopsy.
Recurrent
Inclusion Criteria:
* Age ≥ 18 years.
* Histologically confirmed Grade IV GBM, inclusive of gliosarcoma (WHO criteria; IDH wild-type by immunohistochemistry \[IHC\] or sequencing for IDH) at first or second recurrence after initial standard, control or experimental therapy that includes at a minimum radiation therapy (RT).
* Evidence of recurrent disease demonstrated by disease progression using slightly modified Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) criteria.
* Two scans to confirm progression are required: at least 1 scan at the time of progression and 1 scan prior to the time of progression.
* Karnofsky performance status ≥ 70% performed within a 14-day window prior to randomization.
* Availability of tumor tissue representative of GBM from initial definitive surgery and/or, recurrent surgery, if performed.
Newly Diagnosed
Exclusion Criteria:
* Received any prior treatment for glioma including: a. Prior prolifeprospan 20 with carmustine wafer. b. Prior intracerebral, intratumoral, or cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) agent. c. Prior radiation treatment for GBM or lower-grade glioma. d. Prior chemotherapy or immunotherapy for GBM or lower-grade glioma. Receiving additional, concurrent, active therapy for GBM outside of the trial.
* Extensive leptomeningeal disease.
* QTc \> 450 msec if male and QTc \> 470 msec if female.
* History of another malignancy in the previous 2 years, with a disease-free interval of \< 2 years. Patients with prior history of in situ cancer or basal or squamous cell skin cancer are eligible.
Recurrent
Exclusion Criteria:
* Early disease progression prior to 3 months (12 weeks) from the completion of RT.
* More than 2 prior lines for chemotherapy administration. (NOTE: In the 1st line adjuvant setting, combination of temozolomide (TMZ) with an experimental agent, is considered one line of chemotherapy.)
* Received any prior treatment with lomustine, agents part of any of the experimental arms, and bevacizumab or other vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or VEGF receptor-mediated targeted agent.
* Any prior treatment with prolifeprospan 20 with carmustine wafer.
* Any prior treatment with an intracerebral agent.
* Receiving additional, concurrent, active therapy for GBM outside of the trial
* Extensive leptomeningeal disease.
* QTc \> 450 msec if male and QTc \> 470 msec if female.
* History of another malignancy in the previous 2 years, with a disease-free interval of \< 2 years. Patients with prior history of in situ cancer or basal or squamous cell skin cancer are eligible.
Inotuzumab Ozogamicin and Post-Induction Chemotherapy in Treating Patients With High-Risk B-ALL, Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia, and B-LLy
This phase III trial studies whether inotuzumab ozogamicin added to post-induction chemotherapy for patients with High-Risk B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (B-ALL) improves outcomes. This trial also studies the outcomes of patients with mixed phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL), and B-lymphoblastic lymphoma (B-LLy) when treated with ALL therapy without inotuzumab ozogamicin. Inotuzumab ozogamicin is a monoclonal antibody, called inotuzumab, linked to a type of chemotherapy called calicheamicin. Inotuzumab attaches to cancer cells in a targeted way and delivers calicheamicin to kill them. Other drugs used in the chemotherapy regimen, such as cyclophosphamide, cytarabine, dexamethasone, doxorubicin, daunorubicin, methotrexate, leucovorin, mercaptopurine, prednisone, thioguanine, vincristine, and pegaspargase or calaspargase pegol work in different ways to stop the growth of cancer cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. This trial will also study the outcomes of patients with mixed phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL) and disseminated B lymphoblastic lymphoma (B-LLy) when treated with high-risk ALL chemotherapy.
The overall goal of this study is to understand if adding inotuzumab ozogamicin to standard of care chemotherapy maintains or improves outcomes in High Risk B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (HR B-ALL). The first part of the study includes the first two phases of therapy: Induction and Consolidation. This part will collect information on the leukemia, as well as the effects of the initial treatment, to classify patients into post-consolidation treatment groups. On the second part of this study, patients with HR B-ALL will receive the remainder of the chemotherapy cycles (interim maintenance I, delayed intensification, interim maintenance II, maintenance), with some patients randomized to receive inotuzumab. The patients that receive inotuzumab will not receive part of delayed intensification. Other aims of this study include investigating whether treating both males and females with the same duration of chemotherapy maintains outcomes for males who have previously been treated for an additional year compared to girls, as well as to evaluate the best ways to help patients adhere to oral chemotherapy regimens. Finally, this study will be the first to track the outcomes of subjects with disseminated B-cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia (B-LLy) or Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia (MPAL) when treated with B-ALL chemotherapy.
* B-ALL and MPAL patients must be enrolled on APEC14B1 and consented to eligibility studies (Part A) prior to treatment and enrollment on AALL1732. Note that central confirmation of MPAL diagnosis must occur within 22 days of enrollment for suspected MPAL patients. If not performed within this time frame, patients will be taken off protocol.
* APEC14B1 is not a requirement for B-LLy patients but for institutional compliance every patient should be offered participation in APEC14B1. B-LLy patients may directly enroll on AALL1732.
* Patients must be \> 365 days and \< 25 years of age
* White blood cell count (WBC) criteria for patients with B-ALL (within 7 days prior to the start of protocol-directed systemic therapy):
* Age 1-9.99 years: WBC \>= 50,000/uL
* Age 10-24.99 years: Any WBC
* Age 1-9.99 years: WBC \< 50,000/uL with:
* Testicular leukemia
* CNS leukemia (CNS3)
* Steroid pretreatment.
* White blood cell count (WBC) criteria for patients with MPAL (within 7 days prior to the start of protocol-directed systemic therapy):
* Age 1-24.99 years: any WBC NOTE: Patients enrolled as suspected MPAL but found on central confirmatory testing to have B-ALL must meet the B-ALL criteria above (age, WBC, extramedullary disease, steroid pretreatment) to switch to the B-ALL stratum before the end of induction.
* Patient has newly diagnosed B-ALL or MPAL (by World Health Organization \[WHO\] 2016 criteria) with \>= 25% blasts on a bone marrow (BM) aspirate;
* OR If a BM aspirate is not obtained or is not diagnostic of acute leukemia, the diagnosis can be established by a pathologic diagnosis of acute leukemia on a BM biopsy;
* OR A complete blood count (CBC) documenting the presence of at least 1,000/uL circulating leukemic cells if a bone marrow aspirate or biopsy cannot be performed.
* Patient has newly diagnosed B-LLy Murphy stages III or IV.
* Patient has newly diagnosed B-LLy Murphy stages I or II with steroid pretreatment.
* Note: For B-LLy patients with tissue available for flow cytometry, the criterion for diagnosis should be analogous to B-ALL. For tissue processed by other means (i.e., paraffin blocks), the methodology and criteria for immunophenotypic analysis to establish the diagnosis of B-LLy defined by the submitting institution will be accepted.
* Central nervous system (CNS) status must be determined prior to enrollment based on a sample obtained prior to administration of any systemic or intrathecal chemotherapy, except for steroid pretreatment and cytoreduction. It is recommended that intrathecal cytarabine be administered at the time of the diagnostic lumbar puncture. This is usually done at the time of the diagnostic bone marrow or venous line placement to avoid a second lumbar puncture. This is allowed prior to enrollment. Systemic chemotherapy must begin within 72 hours of this intrathecal therapy.
* All patients and/or their parents or legal guardians must sign a written informed consent.
* All institutional, Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and NCI requirements for human studies must be met.
Exclusion Criteria:
* Patients with Down syndrome are not eligible (patients with Down syndrome and B-ALL are eligible for AALL1731, regardless of NCI risk group).
* With the exception of steroid pretreatment and steroid cytoreduction or the administration of intrathecal cytarabine, patients must not have received any prior cytotoxic chemotherapy for the current diagnosis of B-ALL, MPAL, or B-LLy or for any cancer diagnosed prior to initiation of protocol therapy on AALL1732.
* Patients who have received \> 72 hours of hydroxyurea within one week prior to start of systemic protocol therapy.
* Patients with B-ALL or MPAL who do not have sufficient diagnostic bone marrow submitted for APEC14B1 testing and who do not have a peripheral blood sample submitted containing \> 1,000/uL circulating leukemia cells.
* Patients with acute undifferentiated leukemia (AUL) are not eligible.
* For Murphy stage III/IV B-LLy patients, or stage I/II patients with steroid pretreatment, the following additional exclusion criteria apply:
* T-lymphoblastic lymphoma.
* Morphologically unclassifiable lymphoma.
* Absence of both B-cell and T-cell phenotype markers in a case submitted as lymphoblastic lymphoma.
* Patients with known Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.
* Patients with known MYC translocation associated with mature (Burkitt) B-cell ALL, regardless of blast immunophenotype.
* Patients requiring radiation at diagnosis.
* Female patients who are pregnant, since fetal toxicities and teratogenic effects have been noted for several of the study drugs. A pregnancy test is required for female patients of childbearing potential.
* Lactating women who plan to breastfeed their infants while on study and for 2 months after the last dose of inotuzumab ozogamicin.
* Sexually active patients of reproductive potential who have not agreed to use an effective contraceptive method for the duration of study participation. For those patients randomized to inotuzumab ozogamicin, there is a minimum of 8 months after the last dose of inotuzumab ozogamicin for females and 5 months after the last dose of inotuzumab ozogamicin for males.
B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, B Lymphoblastic Lymphoma, Central Nervous System Leukemia, Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia, Testicular Leukemia, Leukemia, Other
Tractography Guided Subcallosal Cingulate Deep Brain Stimulation for Treatment Resistant Depression
Treatment resistant depression remains a major problem for individuals and society. Surgical procedures may provide relief for some of these patients. The most frequently considered surgical approach is deep brain stimulation (DBS) of a part of the brain called the subcallosal cingulate region. However, the effectiveness and safety is not well established. The investigators will use a novel approach using advanced imaging technique (magnetic resonance tractography) to evaluate the feasibility and safety of this surgical approach. An innovative method for the definition of DBS target will be applied that redefines the concept of targeting as one of targeting a symptomatic network rather than a structural brain region using subject-based brain anatomy to define the target location. The correlation between imaging findings at baseline with the mood score changes at different time points of the study will be investigated.
* Men and women (non-pregnant) between ages 21 and 70;
* DSM-5 diagnosis a current major depressive episode (MDE) for 10 years of less, recurrent or single episode with first episode after adulthood and did not start during childhood or adolescence, secondary to nonpsychotic unipolar major depressive disorder;
* Current index MDE ≥24 months duration and/or recurrent illness with at least a total of 2 lifetime episodes (including current episode \>12 months);
* Treatment resistance (defined by criteria on the Antidepressant Treatment History Form (ATHF)28): Failure to respond to a minimum of four adequate depression treatments from different categories;
* Symptom severity for Screening: Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-17 item (HDRS17) ≥20;
* Symptom severity for Outcome: Montgomery Asberg Rating Scale (MADRS) ≥27 to be met at assessment one week pre-op;
* Normal brain MRI within 3 months of surgery;
* Antidepressant medication regimen has been held stable for ≥ 30 days prior to the study screening MADRS;
* Remain on stable antidepressant medication throughout the study, unless there are safety concerns;
* Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) \>25;
* Able and willing to give informed consent and agree to attend regular clinic visits for at least 12 months.
Exclusion Criteria:
* DSM-5 Axis I Disorders: any lifetime history of psychotic disorder or bipolar disorder;
* Alcohol or substance use disorder within 6 months, excluding nicotine;
* History of childhood abuse (physical or sexual) 18
* Personality disorders;
* Seeking disability during the trial;
* Current substantial suicidal risk as defined by a plan or clear immediate intent for self-harm, or made any suicide attempt within the last year; (MADRS ≥ 5 including the day of surgery);
* No stable work history;
* Neurological/Medical condition that makes the patient, in the opinion of the surgeon, a poor candidate;
• Pregnant or has plans to become pregnant in the next 36 months;
• Unable/unable to practice birth control through the period of randomization and withdrawal of therapy;
* Subjects who have a history of a seizure disorder;
* Subjects who will be exposed to diathermy;
* Subjects who have any medical contraindications to undergoing DBS surgery (e.g. infection, coagulopathy, or significant cardiac or other medical risk factors for surgery);
* Subjects with another implanted device such as a cardiac pacemaker, defibrillator or neurostimulator;
* Subjects who have a history of hemorrhagic stroke;
* Subjects who are unable to undergo MRI;
* Subjects who are at increased risk of hemorrhage due to underlying medical conditions or medication.
DEVICE: Abbott Laboratories Infinity™ implantable deep brain stimulation system
Treatment Resistant Depression, Undergoing Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) Surgery
Rituximab-pvvr and Abatacept vs Rituximab-pvvr Alone in New Onset Type 1 Diabetes (TN25)
The study is a two-arm, multicenter, double-blinded clinical trial testing sequential therapy
with rituximab-pvvr followed by abatacept versus rituximab-pvvr alone in new onset T1D. The
primary objective is to test whether the C-peptide response to a 2-hour mixed meal tolerance
test, will be improved in participants with new onset T1D who are treated with Abatacept
after Rituximab-pvvr compared to those treated with Rituximab-pvvr and placebo 24 months
after enrollment.
• Age ≥ 8 and ≤ 45 years old at time of signing informed consent.
• Fulfill the ADA criteria for diagnosis of T1D within 100 days of randomization.
• Must be willing to provide informed consent or assent with a parent or legal guardian
providing informed consent if < 18 years of age.
• Positive for at least one islet cell autoantibody; GAD65A, mIAA (if obtained within 10
days of the onset of insulin therapy), IA-2A, ICA, or ZnT8A
• Must have stimulated C-peptide of ≥0.2 pmol/mL measured during mixed-meal tolerance
test (MMTT) conducted at least 21 days after the diagnosis of diabetes.
• Enrollees must be willing to comply with intensive diabetes management.
• Body weight must be ≥ 20.0 kg for study agent administration.
• Subjects who are CMV and/or EBV seronegative at screening must be CMV and/or EBV PCR
negative and may not have had signs or symptoms of a CMV and/or EBV compatible illness
prior to randomization.
• Female participants with reproductive potential must have a negative pregnancy test at
screening and be willing to avoid pregnancy for the duration of treatment and until 3
months after the last dose of Abatacept. Female participants with reproductive
potential who are sexually active will be instructed to use a highly effective
contraceptive method until one year after the last dose of rituximab-pvvr.
• Male participants of reproductive age must use an adequate contraceptive method for
the duration of rituximab-pvvr treatment and 12 months following the last dose of
rituximab-pvvr.
• The following additional inclusion criteria regarding vaccines must be met:
• More than 4 weeks from immunization with a live viral vaccine
• Be up to date on all recommended vaccinations based on age of subject*
• Receive non-live influenza vaccination at least 2 weeks prior to randomization
when vaccine for the current or upcoming flu season is available
• Up to date, including eligible boosters as indicated for COVID-19 with an
authorized non-live COVID-19 vaccination at least two weeks prior to
randomization.
• Willingness to forgo vaccines (other than killed influenza) during the 6 months
after the rituximab-pvvr treatment period
• Participants must be willing to practice public health prevention measures such as
social distancing, masking, and good hand hygiene, and/or receive therapeutics such as
monoclonal antibodies and antivirals as directed by the study and recommended by local
health authorities to prevent SARS-Cov-2 infection.
• Willing to wear a continuous glucose monitoring device for a minimum of 10 days every
6 months * Adult subjects must be fully immunized. Pediatric subjects who have not
completed their primary vaccination schedule must receive all vaccinations allowable
per local public health immunization guidelines for their current age prior to study
drug delivery. Any remaining vaccinations should be given and continue per the
schedule at least 6 months after rituximab-pvvr is administered.
Exclusion Criteria:
• One or more screening laboratory values as stated:
• Leukocytes <3,000/μL
• Neutrophils <1,500/μL
• Lymphocytes <800/μL
• Platelets <100,000/μL
• Hemoglobin <6.2 mmol/L (10.0 g/dL)
• Potassium >5.5 mmol/L or <3.0 mmol/L
• Sodium >150 mmol/L or <130 mmol/L
• AST or ALT ≥ 2.5 times the upper limits of normal
• Bilirubin ≥ 1.5 times upper limit of normal
• History of immune deficiency
• Current or ongoing use of non-insulin pharmaceuticals that affect glycemic control
within 7 days of screening visit.
• Chronic active infection other than localized skin infections.
• Have active signs or symptoms of acute infection at the time of randomization.
• Have IgG and/or IgM levels below the normal reference ranges.
• Positive PPD, interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) or history of previous treatment
for TB.
• Vaccination with a live virus within 4 weeks prior to initiating study treatment.
• A history of confirmed infectious mononucleosis within the 3 months prior to
initiating study treatment, as documented by EBV serology (EBV VCA-IgM and VCA-IgG;
PCR would be confirmatory).
• Laboratory evidence of current or past HIV or Hepatitis B or active Hepatitis C
infection.
• Be currently pregnant, lactating or anticipate pregnancy within 14 weeks of the last
study drug administration (Visit 15).
• Chronic use of oral or inhaled steroids or other immunosuppressive agents.
• Known and untreated hypothyroidism or active Graves' disease at randomization.
• History of malignancy.
• Prior treatment with active study agent from a previous clinical trial.
• Any laboratory abnormality or condition that, in the opinion of the investigator,
would interfere with the study conduct or the safety of the participant.
Lenalidomide, and Dexamethasone With or Without Daratumumab in Treating Patients With High-Risk Smoldering Myeloma
This phase III trial studies how well lenalidomide and dexamethasone works with or without daratumumab in treating patients with high-risk smoldering myeloma. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as lenalidomide and dexamethasone, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as daratumumab, may induce changes in the body's immune system and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Giving lenalidomide and dexamethasone with daratumumab may work better in treating patients with smoldering myeloma.
* Patients must be diagnosed with asymptomatic high-risk smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) within the past 12 months. High-risk is defined by the presence of 2 or more of the following factors:
* Abnormal serum free light chain ratio of involved to uninvolved \>20, but less than 100 if the involved FLC is \>= 10 mg/dL by serum free light chain (FLC) assay
* Serum M-protein level \>= 2 gm/dL
* Presence of t(4;14) or del 17p, del 13q or 1q gain by conventional cytogenetics or fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) studies.
* \>20% plasma cells on biopsy or aspirate
* Bone marrow aspirate and/or biopsy is required to be performed within 42 days prior to randomization and must demonstrate 10-59% clonal plasma cells.
* \>= 1 g/dL on serum protein electrophoresis (within 28 days prior to randomization).
* \>= 200 mg of monoclonal protein on a 24 hour urine protein electrophoresis (within 28 days prior to randomization).
* NOTE: In the rare situation where the serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP) is felt to be unreliable, then quantitative immunoglobulin levels on nephelometry or turbidometry can be accepted.
* SPEP, urine protein electrophoresis (UPEP), and serum FLC are required to be performed within 28 days prior to randomization.
* NOTE: UPEP (on a 24-hour collection) is required; no substitute method is acceptable. Urine must be followed monthly if the baseline urine M-spike is \>= 200 mg/24 hour (hr), and urine in addition to serum must be followed in order to confirm a very good partial response (VGPR) or higher response.
* Patients must have no lytic lesions, no known plasmacytoma, and no unexplained hypercalcemia (i.e., \> 11 mg/dL or 1mg/dL above upper limit of normal \[ULN\]).
* Hemoglobin \>= 11 g/dL (within 28 days prior to randomization).
* Platelet count \>= 100,000 cells/mm\^3 (within 28 days prior to randomization).
* Absolute neutrophil count \>= 1500 cells/mm\^3 (within 28 days prior to randomization).
* Calculated creatinine clearance \>= 30 mL/min (within 28 days prior to randomization).
* Bilirubin =\< 1.5 mg/dL (within 28 days prior to randomization).
* Serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) (alanine aminotransferase \[ALT\]) and serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) (aspartate aminotransferase \[AST\]) =\< 2.5 times the upper limit of normal (within 28 days prior to randomization).
* Patients must not have any prior or concurrent systemic or radiation therapy for the treatment of myeloma. Patients must also not have contraindication to deep vein thrombosis (DVT) prophylaxis/aspirin.
* Patients must not have more than one focal marrow lesion on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of either pelvis or spine. Patients with indwelling pacemakers and/or ICD (implantable cardioverter-defibrillator) that is known or suspected to be MRI incompatible will be excused from this test.
* Concurrent use of erythropoietin is not allowed while on study therapy.
* Prior or glucocorticosteroid therapy for the treatment of multiple myeloma is not permitted. Prior systemic glucocorticosteroid use for the treatment of non-malignant disorders is permitted; concurrent use after registration on the study should be restricted to the equivalent of prednisone 10 mg per day. Prior or concurrent topical or localized glucocorticosteroid therapy to treat non-malignant comorbid disorders is permitted.
* Patients must not have active, uncontrolled seizure disorder. Patients must not have had a seizure in the last 6 months.
* Patients must not have uncontrolled intercurrent illness including uncontrolled hypertension, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina, uncontrolled cardiac arrhythmia, uncontrolled psychiatric illness or social situation that would limit compliance with the study, or a prior history of Stevens Johnson syndrome.
* Patient must have an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0, 1, or 2.
* Patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance are not eligible.
* Patients must not have grade 2 or higher peripheral neuropathy per CTCAE.
* Patients must not have active, uncontrolled infection.
* Patients may have a history of current or previous deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism but are required to take some form of anti-coagulation as prophylaxis if they are not currently on full-dose anticoagulation.
* Patients should not have New York Heart Association classification III or IV heart failure at baseline.
* Patients with a history of prior malignancy are eligible provided they were treated with curative intent and have been free of disease for the time period considered appropriate for cure of the specific cancer. For most diseases this time frame is 5 years.
* Patients must agree to register into the mandatory Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) program and be willing and able to comply with the requirements of REMS.
* Women must not be pregnant due to potential harm to the fetus from daratumumab and lenalidomide. All females of childbearing potential (FCBP) must have a blood test or urine study with a sensitivity of at least 25 mIU/mL within 10-14 days prior to the first dose of lenalidomide and again within 24 hours prior to the first dose of lenalidomide. FCBP must also agree to ongoing pregnancy testing while on treatment. A female of childbearing potential is any woman, regardless of sexual orientation or whether they have undergone tubal ligation, who meets the following criteria: 1) has achieved menarche at some point, 2) has not undergone a hysterectomy or bilateral oophorectomy, or 3) has not been naturally postmenopausal (amenorrhea following cancer therapy does not rule out childbearing potential) for at least 24 consecutive months (i.e., has had menses at any time in the preceding 24 consecutive months).
* Females of childbearing potential (FCBP) must either abstain from sexual intercourse for the duration of their participation in the study or agree to use TWO acceptable methods of birth control, one highly effective method and one additional effective method AT THE SAME TIME for 1) at least 28 days before starting study treatment; 2) while participating in the study; 3) during dose interruptions; and 4) for at least 28 days after the last dose of protocol treatment (FCBP who are assigned to Arm A and receive daratumumab must extend this contraception requirement to 3 months after the last dose of protocol treatment). Women must also agree to not breastfeed during this same time period. Men must agree to either abstain from sexual intercourse for the duration of their participation in the study or use a latex condom during sexual contact with a FCBP while participating in the study and for 28 days after the last dose of protocol treatment even if they have had a successful vasectomy. Men must also agree to abstain from donating sperm while on study treatment and for 28 days after the last dose of protocol treatment even if they have had a successful vasectomy. Both women and men must both agree to abstain from donating blood during study participation and for at least 28 days after the last dose of protocol treatment.
* Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)+ patients with undetectable HIV viral loads tested within 6 months are eligible.
* Patients should not have a history of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to daratumumab, lenalidomide, or dexamethasone.
* Patients must not have known chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with a forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) \<50% of predicted normal or known moderate or severe persistent asthma within 2 years prior to randomization
Main Study Up to 100 subjects, both non-CF volunteers and Cystic Fibrosis (CF) patients, will
participate in a single study visit that will include a DEXA scan, micro CT, and blood
collection.
Denosumab (Prolia) Sub study Approximately 10 adult subjects with CF who participated in the
main study and have results indicating bone disease will receive treatment with Denosumab for
up to 5 years. They will be asked to return annually for repeat DEXA scans, micro CT, and
blood collection.
• Must have CF diagnosis confirmed by sweat test or genotype analysis
• Subjects (and parents/legal guardians as applicable) must have the ability to read and
write in English
Sub-study
Exclusion Criteria:
• No CF diagnosis
• Men or women without osteoporosis
• Less than 18 years of age
• Unwilling to return annually for study visits for up to 5 years
• Unwilling and/or medically unable to take denosumab
• Infants is inborn
• Infant is ≤ 750 grams at birth and/or \< 27 weeks gestation at birth by best OB estimate
• Infant is 12-36 hours of age.
Exclusion Criteria:
• Unable to enroll infant by 36 hours of age
• Previous phototherapy
• Known hemolytic disease
• TSB reported as \>6.0 mg/dL before 12 hours age
• Major anomaly
• Overt nonbacterial infection
• Infant is likely to expire soon: Limiting or withdrawal of intensive care is being recommended to the parents, the parents are requesting withdrawal of care, or the pH is \< 6.80 or persistent bradycardia with hypoxemia for \>2h.
DEVICE: Phototherapy lights
Hyper Bilirubinemia, Premature Infant, Other Skin
Infant, Newborn, Diseases, Phototherapy
UT Southwestern; Children’s Health; Parkland Health & Hospital System
Dabrafenib Combined With Trametinib After Radiation Therapy in Treating Patients With Newly-Diagnosed High-Grade Glioma
This phase II trial studies how well the combination of dabrafenib and trametinib works after radiation therapy in children and young adults with high grade glioma who have a genetic change called BRAF V600 mutation. Radiation therapy uses high energy rays to kill tumor cells and reduce the size of tumors. Dabrafenib and trametinib may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking BRAF and MEK, respectively, which are enzymes that tumor cells need for their growth. Giving dabrafenib with trametinib after radiation therapy may work better than treatments used in the past in patients with newly-diagnosed BRAF V600-mutant high-grade glioma.
* PRE-ENROLLMENT ELIGIBILITY SCREENING: Patients must be =\< 25 years of age at the time of enrollment on APEC14B1 Part A CNS/HGG pre-enrollment eligibility screening.
* Note: This required age range applies to the pre-enrollment eligibility screening for all HGG patients. Individual treatment protocols may have different age criteria.
* PRE-ENROLLMENT ELIGIBILITY SCREENING: Patient is suspected of having localized newly-diagnosed HGG, excluding metastatic disease.
* PRE-ENROLLMENT ELIGIBILITY SCREENING: Patient and/or their parents or legal guardians have signed informed consent for eligibility screening on APEC14B1 Part A.
* PRE-ENROLLMENT ELIGIBILITY SCREENING: The specimens obtained at the time of diagnostic biopsy or surgery must be submitted through APEC14B1 as soon as possible (ASAP), preferably within 5 calendar days of the procedure.
* Please note: See the APEC14B1 Manual of Procedures for a full list of detailed instructions for submitting required materials and for shipping details.
* Patients must be \>= 3 years and =\< 25 years of age at the time of enrollment.
* Patients must have eligibility confirmed by Rapid Central Pathology and Molecular Screening Reviews performed on APEC14B1
* Newly diagnosed high-grade glioma with BRAF\^V600-mutation
* Results for H3 K27M by immunohistochemistry (IHC) or sequencing
* Histologically confirmed high-grade glioma (World Health Organization \[WHO\] grade III or IV) including but not limited to: anaplastic astrocytoma (AA), anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (aPXA), anaplastic gangliogliomas (aGG), glioblastoma (GB), and high-grade astrocytoma, not otherwise specified (NOS).
* Patients must have had histologic verification of a high-grade glioma diagnosis. CSF cytology by lumbar puncture must be done if clinically indicated and determined to be safe prior to study enrollment. If cytology proves positive, the patient would be considered to have metastatic disease and would, therefore, be ineligible.
* A pre- and post-operative brain MRI with and without contrast and a baseline spine MRI with contrast must be obtained prior to enrollment. The requirement for a post-operative MRI is waived for patients who undergo biopsy only. If the spine MRI is positive, the patient would be considered to have metastatic disease and would be ineligible.
* Patients must have a performance status corresponding to Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) scores of 0, 1, or 2. Use Karnofsky for patients \> 16 years of age and Lansky for patients =\< 16 years of age.
* Peripheral absolute neutrophil count (ANC) \>= 1000/uL (within 7 days prior to enrollment).
* Platelet count \>= 100,000/uL (transfusion independent) (within 7 days prior to enrollment).
* Hemoglobin \>= 8.0 g/dL (may receive red blood cell \[RBC\] transfusions) (within 7 days prior to enrollment).
* Creatinine clearance or radioisotope glomerular filtration rate (GFR) \>= 70 mL/min/1.73 m\^2 (within 7 days prior to enrollment) or
* A serum creatinine based on age/gender as follows (within 7 days prior to enrollment):
* Age 3 to \< 6 years (Male 0.8 mg/dL, Female 0.8 mg/dL)
* Age 6 to \< 10 years (Male 1 mg/dL, Female 1 mg/dL)
* Age 10 to \< 13 years (Male 1.2 mg/dL, Female 1.2 mg/dL)
* Age 13 to \< 16 years (Male 1.5 mg/dL, Female 1.4 mg/dL)
* Age \>= 16 years (Male 1.7 mg/dL, Female 1.4 mg/dL)
* Total bilirubin =\< 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) for age (within 7 days prior to enrollment), and
* Serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) (alanine aminotransferase \[ALT\]) =\< 135 U/L (within 7 days prior to enrollment). For the purpose of this study, the ULN for SGPT is 45 U/L.
* Patients with a seizure disorder may be enrolled if their seizures are well controlled while on non-enzyme inducing anticonvulsants permitted on this study.
* All patients and/or their parents or legal guardians must sign a written informed consent
* Patients must be enrolled and protocol therapy must be projected to begin no later than 31 days after definitive surgery (day 0). If a biopsy only was performed, the biopsy date will be considered the date of definitive surgery. For patients who have a biopsy or incomplete resection at diagnosis followed by additional surgery, the date of the last resection will be considered the date of definitive surgery.
Exclusion Criteria:
* Patients with intrinsic brainstem or primary spinal cord tumors will be excluded.
* Patients with metastatic disease (defined as neuraxis dissemination either by imaging or by cytology) will be excluded.
* Patients must not have received any prior tumor-directed therapy including chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, or bone marrow transplant for the treatment of HGG other than surgical intervention and/or corticosteroids.
* Previous treatment with dabrafenib or another RAF inhibitor, trametinib or another MEK inhibitor, or an ERK inhibitor.
* Patients with a history of a malignancy with confirmed activating RAS mutation.
* History of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to dabrafenib, trametinib, and their excipients.
* Uncontrolled medical conditions (e.g., diabetes mellitus, hypertension, liver disease, or uncontrolled infection), psychological, familial, sociological, or geographical conditions that do not permit compliance with the protocol; or unwillingness or inability to follow the procedures required in the protocol.
* Presence of active gastrointestinal (GI) disease or other condition (e.g., small bowel or large bowel resection) that will interfere significantly with the absorption of drugs.
* History of hepatitis B virus, or hepatitis C virus infection (patients with laboratory evidence of cleared hepatitis B virus and/or hepatitis C virus may be enrolled).
* History or current diagnosis of cardiac disease indicating significant risk of safety for patients participating in the study such as uncontrolled or significant cardiac disease, including any of the following:
* Recent myocardial infarction (within the last 6 months);
* Uncontrolled congestive heart failure;
* Unstable angina (within last 6 months);
* Clinically significant (symptomatic) or known, uncontrolled cardiac arrhythmias (e.g., sustained ventricular tachycardia, and clinically significant second or third degree atrioventricular \[AV\] block without a pacemaker) except sinus arrhythmia within the past 24 weeks prior to the first dose of study treatment;
* Coronary angioplasty or stenting (within last 6 months);
* Intra-cardiac defibrillators;
* Abnormal cardiac valve morphology (\>= grade 2) documented by echocardiogram.
* Patients with a history or current evidence of retinal vein occlusion (RVO) or central serous retinopathy (CSR), or predisposing factors to RVO or CSR (e.g., uncontrolled glaucoma or ocular hypertension).
* Patients with presence of interstitial lung disease or pneumonitis.
* Female patients who are pregnant are ineligible since there is yet no available information regarding human fetal or teratogenic toxicities.
* Lactating females are not eligible unless they have agreed not to breastfeed their infants for the duration of the study and for 4 months following discontinuation of study therapy.
* Female patients of childbearing potential are not eligible unless a negative pregnancy test result has been obtained.
* Sexually active patients of reproductive potential (male or female) are not eligible unless they have agreed to use an effective contraceptive method for the duration of their study participation and for 4 months following discontinuation of study therapy. Male patients (including those who have had a vasectomy) taking dabrafenib and trametinib combination therapy must use a condom during intercourse while on study and for 16 weeks after stopping treatment, and should not father a child during these periods. Women of childbearing potential should use effective non-hormonal contraception during therapy and for 4 weeks following discontinuation of dabrafenib and at least 4 months following the last dose of trametinib in patients taking combination therapy. Women should be advised that dabrafenib may decrease the efficacy of hormonal contraceptives and an alternate method of contraception, such as barrier methods, should be used.
A Study of Oral LOXO-292 (Selpercatinib) in Pediatric Participants With Advanced Solid or Primary Central Nervous System (CNS) Tumors (LIBRETTO-121)
This is an open-label, multi-center Phase 1/2 study of oral LOXO-292 in pediatric
participants with an activating rearranged during transfection (RET) alteration and an
advanced solid or primary CNS tumor.
• Advanced or metastatic solid or primary CNS tumor which has failed standard of care
therapies
• Evidence of an activating RET gene alteration in the tumor and/or blood
• Measurable or non-measurable disease
• Karnofsky (participants 16 years and older) or Lansky (participants younger than 16)
performance score of at least 50
• Participant with primary CNS tumors or cerebral metastases must be neurologically
stable for 7 days prior and must not have required increasing doses of steroids within
the last 7 days
• Adequate hematologic, hepatic and renal function.
• Ability to receive study drug therapy orally or via gastric access
• Willingness of men and women of reproductive potential to observe conventional and
effective birth control
Exclusion Criteria:
• Major surgery within two weeks prior to planned start of LOXO-292
• Clinically significant, uncontrolled cardiac, cardiovascular disease or history of
myocardial infarction within 6 months prior to planned start of LOXO-292
• Active uncontrolled systemic bacterial, viral, fungal or parasitic infection
• Clinically significant active malabsorption syndrome
• Pregnancy or lactation
• Uncontrolled symptomatic hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism (i.e. the participant
required a modification to current thyroid medication in the 7 days before start of
LOXO-292)
• Uncontrolled symptomatic hypercalcemia or hypocalcemia
• Known hypersensitivity to any of the components of the investigational agent, LOXO-292
or Ora-Sweet® SF and OraPlus®, for participants who will receive LOXO-292 suspension
• Prior treatment with a selective RET inhibitor(s) (including investigational selective
RET inhibitor[s])
Exploring the Effects of Corticosteroids on the Human Hippocampus
Chronic corticosteroid (CS) exposure is associated with changes in memory and the hippocampus
in both humans and in animal models. The hippocampus has a high concentration of
glucocorticoid receptors (GCRs), and the pre-clinical literature demonstrates shortening of
apical dendrites in the CA3 region of the hippocampus and decreased neurogenesis in the
dentate gyrus (DG) following CS administration. In humans, both stress and CS exposure are
associated with a decline in declarative memory performance (a process mediated by the
hippocampus). Impairment in declarative memory and hippocampal atrophy are reported in
patients with excessive CS release due to Cushing's disease, and, by our group, in patients
receiving prescription CS therapy. These findings have important implications for patients
with mood disorders, as a large subset of people with major depressive disorder (MDD) show
evidence of HPA axis activation, elevated cortisol and, importantly, resistance to the
effects of CSs on both the HPA axis and on declarative memory. Thus, resistance to
corticosteroids appears to be a consequence of MDD.
this study will examine changes in declarative memory, as well as use state-of-the-art
high-resolution multimodal neuroimaging, including structural and functional (i.e.,
task-based and resting state) MRI, in both men and women healthy controls, and, as an
exploratory aim, a depressed group, given 3-day exposures to hydrocortisone (160 mg/day) or
placebo. The study will translate preclinical findings to humans, provide valuable data on
possible sex differences in the response to cortisol and, for the first time, identify
specific hippocampal subfields (e.g., CA3/DG) in humans that are most sensitive to acute CS
effects. Using resting state fMRI data and whole brain connectomics using graph theoretical
approaches, we will determine the effects of cortisol exposure on functional brain networks.
Furthermore, this will be the first study to use neuroimaging to compare the brain's response
to CSs in people with depression vs. controls, and determine whether depressed people
demonstrate glucocorticoid resistance within the hippocampus. We hypothesize that hippocampal
response to acute CSs will be greatest in the CA3/DG subfield, greater in women than in men,
and that depressed people will show a blunted hippocampal response to CSs compared to
controls. A multidisciplinary research team with extensive experience in CS effects on the
brain and hippocampal subfield neuroimaging, and a prior history of research collaboration,
will conduct the project.
• Men and women age 18-50 years with vision corrected to at least 20-40 (needed for fMRI
tasks)
• Education of ≥ 12 years
• Baseline RAVLT total words recalled T-score ≥ 40 (normal range)
• BMI between 18.5-35.0 (neither underweight nor severely obese)
• Baseline QIDS-C ≤ 5 (virtual absence of depressive symptoms) for "healthy controls"
and for the "depressed" group a QIDS-C between 11-20 (≥ moderate depressive symptoms
but < very severe depressive symptoms)
Exclusion Criteria:
• History of major psychiatric illness other than MDD for the depressed group, defined
as bipolar disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, schizoaffective disorder,
schizophrenia, eating disorders, or MDD with psychotic features. For the control
group, a past episode of MDD (per SCID) is also exclusionary
• History of drug or alcohol use disorder
• History of neurological disorders including seizures, brain surgery, multiple
sclerosis, Parkinson's disease
• Taking CNS-acting medications (e.g., antidepressants, antipsychotics, lithium,
anticonvulsants, sedative/hypnotic/anxiolytics). Thus, the depressed group will be
medication free.
• History of allergic reaction or medical contraindication to hydrocortisone
• Metal implants, claustrophobia, or other contraindications to MRI
• Significant medical conditions (e.g., cancer, heart disease, diabetes)
• Vulnerable population including pregnant or nursing women, prisoners, and people with
intellectual disability, history of special education classes, dementia, or other
severe cognitive disorders
• Current suicidal ideation, a suicide attempt in the past 12 months or more than one
lifetime attempt
• History of systemic CS use in the past 12 months, lifetime cumulative use of more than
12 weeks, or recent (defined as past 28 days) inhaled CS use
• Women who are using estrogen containing oral contraceptive agents (other
contraceptives are acceptable, see Protection of Human Subjects section for a list of
acceptable birth control methods) or who are post- or peri-menopausal or with
irregular menstrual cycles (i.e., inconsistent menstruation patterns)
Study to Investigate the Safety of the Transplantation of Human Glial Restricted Progenitor Cells Into Subjects With Transverse Myelitis
This study is a non-randomized, open-label, partially blinded, sequential cohort,
dose-escalation study designed to obtain preliminary data on the safety, tolerability, and
early activity of Q-Cells® transplantation in subjects with Transverse Myelitis. For each of
the dose levels, transplantation of Q-Cells® unilaterally into spinal cord demyelinated
lesions will be evaluated. Subjects will be blinded to side of treatment.
Idiopathic Transverse Myelitis is a monophasic disorder characterized predominantly by
demyelination. Patients are left with disability from damage to ascending and descending
white matter tracts. Q-Cells® are comprised of glial progenitor cells.It is postulated that
the Q-Cells® glial progeny (healthy astrocytes and oligodendrocytes) will integrate into the
spinal cord lesion site and remyelinate demyelinated axons as well as provide trophic support
for damaged axons. Therefore, Q-Cells® have the potential to repair damage that has occurred
and could be clinically useful for patients with disability caused by TM.
The study is planned to enroll up to 9 subjects. Each subject will be followed for 9 months
after transplantation of Q-Cells®. Each subject will receive a single time point
administration of Q-Cells®: with transplantation foci targeted to posterior columns in the
spinal cord (all transplantation foci below C7) on one side.
Study participation consists of Screening, Pre-operative/Treatment, and Post-treatment study
periods that will generally last from 9 to 12 months in total. The study data will be
assessed for safety and activity until the last subject has completed the 9-month study
visit. Following completion of the 9-month follow-up period, subjects who consent will
continue to be followed for safety and activity in a separate long-term follow-up protocol.
• Ability to understand the purpose and risks of the study and provide signed and dated
informed consent and authorization to collect and use protected health information
(PHI) in accordance with national and local subject privacy regulations.
• Live within reasonable travel distance to center or have reliable mechanism to travel
to the center.
• Have a caregiver willing/able to assist in the transportation and care required by
study participation.
• Subject is 18 - 70 years of age (inclusive) on day of Screening Visit.
• Subject is diagnosed with idiopathic TM within the past 120 months in accord with the
Transverse Myelitis Consortium Working Group (2002).
• Subject has a MRI with a single focus of T2 hyperintensity that is 4 to 10 cm in
length if no post contrast enhancement seen, or a single focus T1 post contrast
enhancing lesion of 4 to 10 cm, with its most rostral extent at or below C8
myotome/dermatome level.
• Subject has negative NMO IgG (anti-AQP4) test at two separate time points, separated
by at least 6 months.
• Subject has brain MRI not consistent with multiple sclerosis or other autoimmune or
demyelinating disease.
• Subject is more than 12 months from TM onset.
• Subject has ASIA A categorization.
• Subject's neurological deficits related to TM have been stable for at least 3 months.
• Subject is medically able to undergo the study procedures and physically able to
adhere to the visit schedule at the time of study entry.
• For women of child bearing capacity, negative pregnancy test during the Screening
Period and at the Pre-Operative Visit.
• Males and females will agree to practice effective birth control during study
participation and up to one year after.
Exclusion Criteria:
• Subject with causes of weakness, sensory loss and/or autonomic dysfunction other than
TM have not been practically excluded.
• Subject with significant cognitive impairment, clinical dementia, or major psychiatric
illness including psychosis, bipolar disease, major depression, as determined by the
DSM-V.
• Subject with a diagnosis of a neurodegenerative disease (e.g., ALS, Parkinson's
disease, Alzheimer's disease).
• Subject suffering with medical conditions that impair nerve or muscle function (e.g.,
notable peripheral neuropathy, metabolic muscle disease) or any disease or condition
that would impair the subject's neuromuscular function or impair the adequate
assessment of the subject's function (e.g., severe osteoarthritis).
• Subject with a clinically significant history of unstable cardiac, pulmonary, renal,
hepatic, endocrine, hematologic, or active malignancy or infectious disease or other
medically significant illness that may render them at an unacceptable risk for surgery
or that may cause them to be unable to complete the scheduled duration of the trial.
• History of spine surgery or anatomic variation incompatible with route of
administration (as determined by neurosurgeon).
• Severe spinal stenosis or cord compression causing myelopathy.
• Abnormal flow voids on the surface of the spinal cord suggestive of arteriovenous
malformation (AVM) or evidence of a vascular cause of a myelopathy (e.g., infarct of
spinal artery).
• Any evidence of CNS malignancy or clinically significant CNS lesions as defined by
imaging studies of the CNS (MRI of brain and spinal cord).
• Uncontrolled hypertension (Systolic BP>180mmHg and/or Diastolic BP >110mmHg).
• Any history of thrombotic or embolic events.
• Any poorly controlled medical conditions that, in the opinion of the site investigator
and/or surgeon, increase risk of surgery to a medically unacceptable degree.
• Subjects who cannot undergo MRI examination because of any contraindication to the
procedure, including the presence of a pacemaker, an implanted defibrillator or
certain other implanted electronic or metallic devices, or who have been or might have
been exposed to metal fragments, or any reason the subject cannot undergo an MRI
routinely for the duration of the trial.
• Subject with clinically significant abnormal clinical laboratory values, as determined
by the Investigator at the screening visit (Visit 1).
• Subject who is immune compromised (by therapeutic agent or disease) or who has a
condition contraindicated to treatment with immunosuppression agents (e.g.,
tuberculosis, latent infection) as determined by history or testing. Any subject with
an ongoing infection until it has been adequately treated and it is deemed to be
resolved.
• Subject with aspartate aminotransferase (AST) or alanine aminotransferase (ALT) value
>3.0 times the upper limit of normal at the screening visit (Visit 1).
• Subject with diabetes or HgbA1c > 6.5
• Subject with a history of alcohol or drug abuse or dependence within 1 year of
screening visit (Visit 1), per DSM-V criteria.
• Subject unlikely to comply with study requirements, as determined by Investigator.
• Subject who has been exposed to any other experimental agent (off-label use or
investigational) within 60 days of screening visit (Visit 1). Biologic agents may need
additional time for washout and will be evaluated by the Sponsor on a case-by-case
basis.
• Subject with pre-existing anti-human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I or class II
antibodies directed against the Q-Cells®, as determined by panel reactive antibody
(PRA) assay.
• Allergy to study treatment or any of its constituents (e.g., chicken eggs), or allergy
to any of the co-administered immunosuppressants or any of their excipients.
• Subject with any medical condition or using concomitant medication that would
contraindicate the use of tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, or prednisone as
determined by Investigator.
• Subject has undergone stem cell transplantation (including T-cell or bone marrow
transplants) at any time prior to study (within or outside the US).
• Subject with evidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) by venous ultrasound or any
previous evidence of DVT.
• Subject has recent (1 year) or recurrent history of gastrointestinal bleeding or
peptic ulcer disease or is under active treatment to prevent recurrence.
• Subject with estimated glomerular filtration rate at screening of less than 60
mL/min/1.73m2.
• Subjects with hereditary deficiency of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl-transferase
(HGPRT) such as Lesch-Nyhan and Kelley-Seegmiller syndrome.
• Vaccination with live virus within 6 weeks of screening.
• History or evidence of optic neuritis.
• Any reason, in the judgment of the investigator, which would make the subject
inappropriate for entry into this trial.
Testing the Effect of Taking Ruxolitinib and CPX-351 in Combination for the Treatment of Advanced Phase Myeloproliferative Neoplasms
This phase I/II trial studies the best dose of ruxolitinib when given together with CPX-351
and to see how well they work in treating patients with accelerated phase or blast phase
myeloproliferative neoplasm. Ruxolitinib may stop the growth of cancer cells by blocking some
of the enzymes needed for cell growth. CPX-351 is a mixture of 2 chemotherapy drugs
(daunorubicin and cytarabine) given for leukemia in small fat-based particles (liposomes) to
improve the drug getting into cancer cells. Giving ruxolitinib and CPX-351 may work better in
treating patients with secondary acute myeloid leukemia compared to CPX-351 alone.
• Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document
• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0 to 2
• Participants eligible for this study have either MPN in accelerated phase (AP) or
blast phase (BP), defined as:
• MPN-AP is defined by 10% to 19% blasts in the peripheral blood or bone marrow
• MPN-BP is defined by >= 20% blasts in the blood or bone marrow
• Either MPN-AP or MPN-BP requires a previous diagnosis of polycythemia vera
(PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), primary or secondary myelofibrosis
(MF), or MDS/MPN overlap with intermediate-2 or high risk disease according
to IPSS as well as progression on or failure to respond to at least one line
of therapy
• Participants with ET, PV, or MF that have received prior MPN-associated
therapy (e.g., hydroxyurea, hypomethylating agents [azacitidine,
decitabine], anti-platelet therapies [e.g., aspirin, anagrelide], as well as
JAK2 inhibitor therapy [e.g., ruxolitinib or other investigational JAK2
inhibitor]) are eligible. They must discontinue prior to starting therapy;
no wash-out is required
• Female participants of childbearing potential must agree to use adequate contraception
(2 forms of contraception or abstinence) from the screening visit until 30 days
following the last dose of study treatment. Should a woman become pregnant or suspect
she is pregnant while she or her partner is participating in this study, she should
inform her treating physician immediately
• Male participants of childbearing potential having intercourse with females of
childbearing potential must agree to abstain from heterosexual intercourse or have
their partner use 2 forms of contraception from the screening visit until 90 days
until the last dose of study treatment. They must also refrain from sperm donation
from the screening visit until 90 days following the last dose of study treatment
• Left ventricular ejection fraction at >= 50% as measured by echocardiogram (ECHO) or
multigated acquisition (MUGA) scan (14 days prior to initiating study treatment)
• Candidate for cytotoxic-intensive induction chemotherapy
• Willing to take oral medication
• Serum creatinine =< 2 x the upper limit of normal (ULN), or glomerular filtration rate
> 20 ml/min/1.73m^2 as calculated by Cockcroft-Gault formula
• Serum potassium, magnesium, and calcium (corrected for albumin) within institutional
normal limits or can be corrected with supplementation
• Total serum bilirubin =< 2.5 x ULN
• Serum aspartate transaminase (AST) and/or alanine transaminase (ALT) =< 2.5 x ULN
Exclusion Criteria:
• Ongoing participation in another clinical trial
• Isolated myeloid sarcoma (i.e., participants must have blood or marrow involvement
with AML to enter the study)
• Acute promyelocytic leukemia (French-American-British [FAB] M3 classification)
• Active central nervous system (CNS) involvement by AML
• Current treatment or treatment within 2 weeks or 5 half-lives (whichever is longer)
prior to the first dose of study medication with another investigational medication or
current enrollment in another investigational drug protocol (unless there is evidence
of rapidly progressive disease in which case a shorter interval from last therapy may
be acceptable)
• Any unresolved toxicity equal to or greater than grade 2 from previous anticancer
therapy, except for stable chronic toxicities not expected to resolve, such as
peripheral neurotoxicity
• Incomplete recovery from any prior surgical procedures or had surgery within 4 weeks
prior to study entry, excluding the placement of vascular access
• Disseminated intravascular coagulopathy with active bleeding or signs of thrombosis
• Participants with rapidly progressive disease (defined by blast count doubling within
48 hours) or organ dysfunction that would prevent them from receiving these agents
• Participants with uncontrolled infection will not be enrolled until infection is
treated and symptoms controlled
• Participants with an infection receiving treatment (antibiotic, antifungal or
antiviral treatment) may be entered into the study but must be afebrile and
hemodynamically stable for >= 72 hours (hrs)
• Known hypersensitivity to ruxolitinib, cytarabine, daunorubicin, or liposomal products
• History of Wilson's disease or other copper metabolism disorder
• Uncontrolled intercurrent illness or any concurrent condition that, in the
investigator's opinion, would jeopardize the safety of the participant or compliance
with the protocol per investigator's discretion. Including, but not limited to,
symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, serious cardiac
arrhythmia, myocardial infarction within 6 months prior to enrollment, New York Heart
Association (NYHA) class III or IV heart failure, severe uncontrolled ventricular
arrhythmias
• Participants with prior cumulative anthracycline exposure of greater than 368 mg/m^2
daunorubicin (or equivalent)
• All participants must discontinue anti-platelet agents or anticoagulants prior to
initiation of study drug, including therapeutic doses of aspirin and clopidogrel
A Study of the Drugs Selumetinib Versus Carboplatin/Vincristine in Patients With Neurofibromatosis and Low-Grade Glioma
This phase III trial studies if selumetinib works just as well as the standard treatment with carboplatin/vincristine (CV) for subjects with NF1-associated low grade glioma (LGG), and to see if selumetinib is better than CV in improving vision in subjects with LGG of the optic pathway (vision nerves). Selumetinib is a drug that works by blocking some enzymes that low-grade glioma tumor cells need for their growth. This results in killing tumor cells. Drugs used as chemotherapy, such as carboplatin and vincristine, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. It is not yet known whether selumetinib works better in treating patients with NF1-associated low-grade glioma compared to standard therapy with carboplatin and vincristine.
* Patients must be \>= 2 years and =\< 21 years at the time of enrollment
* Patients must have a body surface area (BSA) of \>= 0.5 m\^2 at enrollment
* Patients must have neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) based on clinical criteria and/or germline genetic testing
* Patients must be newly diagnosed or have previously diagnosed NF-1 associated LGG that has not been treated with any modality other than surgery
* For patients with optic pathway gliomas (OPGs):
* Newly-diagnosed patients with OPG are eligible if there are neurologic symptoms (including visual dysfunction, as defined below) or other exam findings associated with the tumor
* Previously-diagnosed patients with OPG are eligible if they have new or worsening neurologic symptoms (including visual dysfunction, as defined below) or have tumor growth
* For both newly-diagnosed and previously-diagnosed OPG, the patient may be eligible, irrespective of whether there has been tumor growth or other neurological symptoms or worsening, if they meet at least one of the following visual criteria:
* Visual worsening, defined as worsening of visual acuity (VA) or visual fields (VF) documented within the past year (by examination or history); OR
* Significant visual dysfunction (defined as VA worse than normal for age by 0.6 logMAR \[20/80, 6/24, or 2.5/10\] or more in one or both eyes)
* For patients with LGG in other locations (i.e., not OPGs):
* Newly-diagnosed patients with LGG are eligible if there are neurologic symptoms or other exam findings associated with the tumor
* NOTE: Newly-diagnosed patients with LGG without associated neurologic symptoms or exam findings are not eligible
* Previously-diagnosed patients with LGG are eligible if they have new or worsening neurologic symptoms or have tumor growth
* Although not required, if a biopsy/tumor resection is performed, eligible histologies will include all tumors considered LGG or low-grade astrocytoma (World Health Organization \[WHO\] grade I and II) by 5th edition WHO classification of central nervous system (CNS) tumors with the exception of subependymal giant cell astrocytoma
* Patients must have two-dimensional measurable tumor \>= 1 cm\^2
* Patients with metastatic disease or multiple independent primary LGGs are allowed on study
* Creatinine clearance or radioisotope glomerular filtration Rate (GFR) \>= 70 mL/min/1.73 m\^2 OR a serum creatinine based on age/gender (within 7 days prior to enrollment) as follows:
* Age; maximum serum creatinine (mg/dL)
* 2 to \< 6 years; 0.8 (male) and 0.8 (female)
* 6 to \< 10 years; 1 (male) and 1 (female)
* 10 to \< 13 years; 1.2 (male) and 1.2 (female)
* 13 to \< 16 years; 1.5 (male) and 1.4 (female)
* \>= 16 years; 1.7 (male) and 1.4 (female)
* Total bilirubin =\< 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) for age (within 7 days prior to enrollment) (children with a diagnosis of Gilbert's syndrome will be allowed on study regardless of their total and indirect \[unconjugated\] bilirubin levels as long as their direct \[conjugated\] bilirubin is \< 3.1 mg/dL)
* Serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) (alanine aminotransferase \[ALT\]) =\< 3 x upper limit of normal (ULN) = 135 U/L (within 7 days prior to enrollment). For the purpose of this study, the ULN for SGPT is 45 U/L
* Albumin \>= 2 g/dL (within 7 days prior to enrollment)
* Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) \>= 53% (or institutional normal; if the LVEF result is given as a range of values, then the upper value of the range will be used) by echocardiogram (within 4 weeks prior to enrollment)
* Corrected QT (QTc) interval =\< 450 msec by electrocardiography (EKG) (within 4 weeks prior to enrollment)
* Absolute neutrophil count \>= 1,000/uL (unsupported) (within 7 days prior to enrollment)
* Platelets \>= 100,000/uL (unsupported) (within 7 days prior to enrollment)
* Hemoglobin \>= 8 g/dL (may be supported) (within 7 days prior to enrollment)
* Patients with a known seizure disorder should be stable and should have not experienced a significant increase in seizure frequency within 2 weeks prior to enrollment
* Patients 2-17 years of age must have a blood pressure that is =\< 95th percentile for age, height, and gender at the time of enrollment. Patients \>= 18 years of age must have a blood pressure =\< 130/80 mmHg at the time of enrollment (with or without the use of antihypertensive medications).
* Note: Adequate blood pressure can be achieved using medication for the treatment of hypertension
* All patients must have ophthalmology toxicity assessments performed within 4 weeks prior to enrollment
* For all patients, an MRI of the brain (with orbital cuts for optic pathway tumors) and/or spine (depending on the site(s) of primary disease) with and without contrast must be performed within 4 weeks prior to enrollment
* For patients who undergo a surgery on the target tumor (not required), a pre- and post-operative\* MRI of the brain (with orbital cuts for optic pathway tumors) or spine (depending on the site(s) of primary disease) with and without contrast must also be performed within 4 weeks prior to enrollment
* The post-operative MRIs should be performed ideally within 48 hours after surgery if possible
* Patients must have a performance status corresponding to Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) scores of 0, 1, or 2. Use Karnofsky for patients \> 16 years of age and Lansky for patients =\< 16 years of age
* Patients must have the ability to swallow whole capsules
* Patients must have receptive and expressive language skills in English or Spanish to complete the quality of life (QOL) and neurocognitive assessments
* All patients and/or their parents or legal guardians must sign a written informed consent.
* All institutional, Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and National Cancer Institute (NCI) requirements for human studies must be met.
Exclusion Criteria:
* Patients must not have received any prior tumor-directed therapy including chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, or bone marrow transplant. Prior surgical intervention is permitted
* Patients with a concurrent malignancy or history of treatment (other than surgery) for another tumor within the last year are ineligible
* Patients may not be receiving any other investigational agents
* Patients with any serious medical or psychiatric illness/ condition, including substance use disorders likely in the judgement of the investigator to interfere or limit compliance with study requirements/treatment are not eligible
* Patients who, in the opinion of the investigator, are not able to comply with the study procedures are not eligible
* Female patients who are pregnant are not eligible since fetal toxicities and teratogenic effects have been noted for several of the study drugs. A pregnancy test is required for female patients of childbearing potential
* Lactating females who plan to breastfeed their infants are not eligible
* Sexually active patients of reproductive potential who have not agreed to use an effective contraceptive method for the duration of their study participation and for 12 weeks after stopping study therapy are not eligible
* Note: Women of child-bearing potential and males with sexual partners who are pregnant or who could become pregnant (i.e., women of child-bearing potential) should use effective methods of contraception for the duration of the study and for 12 weeks after stopping study therapy to avoid pregnancy and/or potential adverse effects on the developing embryo
* Cardiac conditions:
* Known genetic disorder that increases risk for coronary artery disease. Note: The presence of dyslipidemia in a family with a history of myocardial infarction is not in itself an exclusion unless there is a known genetic disorder documented
* Symptomatic heart failure
* New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II-IV prior or current cardiomyopathy
* Severe valvular heart disease
* History of atrial fibrillation
* Ophthalmologic conditions:
* Current or past history of central serous retinopathy
* Current or past history of retinal vein occlusion or retinal detachment
* Patients with uncontrolled glaucoma
* If checking pressure is clinically indicated, patients with intraocular pressure (IOP) \> 22 mmHg or ULN adjusted by age are not eligible
* Ophthalmological findings secondary to long-standing optic pathway glioma (such as visual loss, optic nerve pallor, or strabismus) or longstanding orbito-temporal plexiform neurofibroma (PN), such as visual loss, strabismus) will NOT be considered a significant abnormality for the purposes of the study
* Treatments and/or medications patient is receiving that would make her/him ineligible, such as:
* Supplementation with vitamin E greater than 100% of the daily recommended dose. Any multivitamin containing vitamin E must be stopped prior to study enrollment even if less than 100% of the daily recommended dosing for vitamin E
* Surgery within 2 weeks prior to enrollment, with the exception of surgical placement for vascular access or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diverting procedures such as endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) and ventriculo-peritoneal (VP) shunt.
* Note: Patients must have healed from any prior surgery prior to enrollment
* Patients who have an uncontrolled infection are not eligible
Testing the Effectiveness of Two Immunotherapy Drugs (Nivolumab and Ipilimumab) With One Anti-cancer Targeted Drug (Cabozantinib) for Rare Genitourinary Tumors
This phase II trial studies how well cabozantinib works in combination with nivolumab and ipilimumab in treating patients with rare genitourinary (GU) tumors that has spread from where it first started (primary site) to other places in the body. Cabozantinib may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as nivolumab and ipilimumab, may help the body's immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Giving cabozantinib, nivolumab, and ipilimumab may work better in treating patients with genitourinary tumors that have no treatment options compared to giving cabozantinib, nivolumab, or ipilimumab alone.
* Metastatic disease defined as new or progressive lesions on cross-sectional imaging or bone scan. Patients must have at least:
* One measurable site of disease as per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version (v) 1.1
* One bone lesion on bone scan (tec99 or sodium fluoride \[NaF\] PET/CT, CT or MRI) for the bone-only cohort.
* Histologically confirmed diagnosis of one of the following metastatic cohorts:
* Small cell/ neuroendocrine carcinoma of the bladder (Cohort A)- All urothelial carcinomas with any amount of neuroendocrine differentiation (including small cell differentiation) will be included. If the tumor is purely neuroendocrine, metastasis from another site of origin should be clinically excluded
* Adenocarcinoma of the bladder, or urachal adenocarcinoma, or bladder/urethra clear cell adenocarcinoma (Cohort B) - must be pure (per World Health Organization \[WHO\] definition), (i.e. urothelial carcinoma with glandular differentiation is not considered a pure adenocarcinoma
* Squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder (Cohort C) - must be pure (i.e. urothelial carcinoma with squamous differentiation is not considered a pure squamous cell carcinoma)
* Plasmacytoid urothelial carcinoma (Cohort D) - Tumor should show predominantly \> or equal \~ 50% plasmacytoid histology (including all types of discohesive growth, such as tumors with signet-ring and/or rhabdoid features as well)
* Any penile cancer (Cohort E)
* Sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma (Cohort F) - Tumor should be predominantly sarcomatoid \~ 50% (including rhabdoid differentiation) is also unclassified renal cell carcinomas (RCCs): all (assuming they are high grade with metastasis) malignant angiomyolipomas are allowed
* Other miscellaneous histologic variants of the urothelial carcinoma, such as, but not limited to (Cohort G) : Micropapillary (Tumor should show predominantly \> or equal 50% micropapillary architecture), giant cell, lipid-rich, clear cell and nested variants (Tumor should predominantly \> or equal 50% show these features), large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma and mixed patterns will be considered, as well as small cell neuroendocrine prostate cancer (Only treatment-naïve primary small cell of prostate with any amount of small cell component allowed. Post-treatment small cell prostatic carcinomas are not allowed), Malignant testicular Sertoli or Leydig cell tumors, and papillary and chromophobe RCC
* Note: Translocation positive renal cell carcinoma patients are eligible. However, AREN1721 should be considered before this trial
* Sarcomatoid urothelial carcinoma (Cohort H) - Tumor should show predominantly \~ 50% sarcomatoid differentiation
* Renal medullary carcinoma (Cohort I) - Per World Health Organization (WHO) definition, ideally confirmed with immunostains
* Bone-only metastatic GU tumors (non-prostate) (Cohort J) - All genitourinary histologies, except prostate are eligible
* Renal Collecting Duct Carcinoma (Cohort K) - Per WHO definition (medullary involvement, predominant tubular morphology, desmoplastic stromal reaction, high grade cytology, infiltrative growth pattern, and absence of other renal cell carcinoma subtype or urothelial carcinoma)
* Urethra carcinoma (Cohort L) - May be of any histology but if urothelial carcinoma then must be isolated to the urethra and not have metachronous or synchronous urothelial carcinoma of the bladder
* H\&E slides from diagnostic tumor tissue for retrospective central pathology review
* Patients may have received up to 2 systemic anti-cancer treatments or be treatment naive. Patients with small cell carcinoma should have received a platinum-based combination regimen either as neoadjuvant, adjuvant or first-line treatment). Patients in the bone-only cohort may be urothelial carcinoma histology but must receive standard cisplatin-based chemotherapy (if cisplatin-eligible)
* Age \>= 18 years
* Patients must be able to swallow oral formulation of the tablets
* Karnofsky performance status \>= 80%
* Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) \>= 1,000/mcL
* Platelet count \>= 75,000/mcL
* Total bilirubin =\< 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN). For subjects with known Gilbert's disease or similar syndrome with slow conjugation of bilirubin, total bilirubin =\< 3.0 mg/dL
* Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) =\< 3.0 x institutional upper limit of normal (ULN) (or =\< 5 x ULN for patients with liver metastases or Gilbert's disease)
* Creatinine =\< 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) OR creatinine clearance \>= 40 mL/min/1.73 m\^2 (calculated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology \[CKD-EPI\] equation or Cockcroft-Gault formula) for patients with creatinine levels above institutional normal
* Hemoglobin \>= 9 g/dL (transfusion of packed red blood cells \[PRBCs\] allowed)
* Serum albumin \>= 3.2 g/dL
* Lipase and amylase =\< 2.0 x ULN and no radiologic (on baseline anatomical imaging) or clinical evidence of pancreatitis
* Prior treatment with MET or VEGFR inhibitors is allowed. However, prior cabozantinib will not be allowed. Also, patients that have received both prior MET or VEGF and prior PD-1/PD-L1/CTLA-4 (sequentially or in combination) are also not allowed
* No prior treatment with any therapy on the PD-1/PD-L1 axis or anti- CTLA-4/CTLA-4 inhibitors with the exception of patients with "urothelial carcinoma" histology (cohorts D, H, J, L)
* Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients are eligible if on stable dose of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), no clinically significant drug-drug interactions are anticipated with the current HAART regimen, CD4 counts are greater than 350 and viral load is undetectable
* Patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatologic arthropathies, Sjogren's syndrome and psoriasis controlled with topical medication only and patients with positive serology, such as antinuclear antibodies (ANA), anti-thyroid antibodies etc. are eligible but should be considered for rheumatologic evaluation for the presence of target organ involvement and potential need for systemic treatment
* Patients with vitiligo, endocrine deficiencies including thyroiditis managed with replacement hormones or medications (e.g. thyroiditis managed with propylthiouracil \[PTU\] or methimazole) including physiologic oral corticosteroids are eligible
* Patients who have evidence of active or acute diverticulitis, intra-abdominal abscess, and gastrointestinal (GI) obstruction, within 12 months are not eligible
* Women of childbearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test =\< 7 days prior to registration
* Women of childbearing potential include women who have experienced menarche and who have not undergone successful surgical sterilization (hysterectomy, bilateral tubal ligation, or bilateral oophorectomy) or are not postmenopausal. Post menopause is defined as amenorrhea \>= 12 consecutive months. Note: women who have been amenorrheic for 12 or more months are still considered to be of childbearing potential if the amenorrhea is possibly due to prior chemotherapy, antiestrogens, ovarian suppression or any other reversible reason
* Pregnant women may not participate in this study because with cabozantinib, nivolumab, and ipilimumab have potential for teratogenic or abortifacient effects. Because there is an unknown but potential risk for adverse events in nursing infants secondary to treatment of the mother with cabozantinib, nivolumab, and ipilimumab, breastfeeding should be discontinued if the mother is treated with these agents
* The patient has received no cytotoxic chemotherapy (including investigational cytotoxic chemotherapy) or biologic agents (e.g., cytokines or antibodies) within 2 weeks before the first dose of study treatment
* The patient has received no radiation therapy:
* To the lungs and mediastinum or abdomen within 4 weeks before the first dose of study treatment, or has ongoing complications, or is healing from prior radiation therapy
* To brain metastasis within 3 weeks for whole-brain radiotherapy (WBXRT), and 2 weeks for stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) before the first dose of study treatment
* To the abdomen within 4 weeks before the first dose of study treatment, or has ongoing complications, or is healing from prior radiation therapy
* To any other site(s) within 2 weeks before the first dose of study treatment
* The patient has received no radionuclide treatment within 6 weeks of the first dose of study treatment
* The patient has received no prior treatment with a small molecule kinase inhibitor within 14 days or five half-lives of the compound or active metabolites, whichever is longer, before the first dose of study treatment
* The patient has received no prior treatment with hormonal therapy within 14 days or five half-lives of the compound or active metabolites, whichever is longer, before the first dose of study treatment. Subjects receiving gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists and antagonists are allowed to participate
* The patient has not received any other type of investigational agent within 14 days before the first dose of study treatment
* The patient must have recovered to baseline or Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) =\< grade 1 from toxicity due to all prior therapies except alopecia, neuropathy and other non-clinically significant adverse events (AEs) defined as lab elevation with no associated symptoms or sequelae
* The patient may not have active brain metastases or epidural disease. Patients with brain metastases previously treated with whole brain radiation or radiosurgery who are asymptomatic and do not require steroid treatment for at least 2 weeks before starting study treatment are eligible. Neurosurgical resection of brain metastases or brain biopsy is permitted if completed at least 3 months before starting study treatment. Baseline brain imaging with contrast-enhanced CT or MRI scans for subjects with known brain metastases is required to confirm eligibility
* No concomitant treatment with warfarin. Aspirin (up to 325 mg/day), thrombin or factor Xa inhibitors, low-dose warfarin (=\< 1 mg/day), prophylactic and therapeutic low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) are permitted
* No chronic concomitant treatment with strong CYP3A4 inducers (e.g., dexamethasone, phenytoin, carbamazepine, rifampin, rifabutin, rifapentine, phenobarbital, and St. John's wort) or strong CYP3A4 inhibitors
* Because the lists of these agents are constantly changing, it is important to regularly consult medical reference texts such as the Physicians' Desk Reference may also provide this information. As part of the enrollment/informed consent procedures, the patient will be counseled on the risk of interactions with other agents, and what to do if new medications need to be prescribed or if the patient is considering a new over-the-counter medicine or herbal product
* The patient has not experienced any of the following:
* Clinically-significant gastrointestinal bleeding within 6 months before the first dose of study treatment
* Hemoptysis of \>= 0.5 teaspoon (2.5 mL) of red blood per day within 1 months before the first dose of study treatment
* Any other signs indicative of pulmonary hemorrhage within 3 months before the first dose of study treatment
* The patient has no tumor invading any major blood vessels
* The patient has no evidence of tumor invading the GI tract (esophagus, stomach, small or large bowel, rectum or anus), or any evidence of endotracheal or endobronchial tumor within 28 days before the first dose of cabozantinib. Patients with rectal tumor masses are not eligible
* The patient has no uncontrolled, significant intercurrent or recent illness including, but not limited to, the following conditions:
* Cardiovascular disorders including:
* Congestive heart failure (CHF): New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III (moderate) or class IV (severe) at the time of screening.
* Concurrent uncontrolled hypertension defined as sustained blood pressure (BP) \> 150 mm Hg systolic, or \> 90 mm Hg diastolic despite optimal antihypertensive treatment within 7 days of the first dose of study treatment
* The subject has a corrected QT interval calculated by the Fridericia formula (QTcF) \> 500 ms within 28 days before randomization. Note: if initial QTcF is found to be \> 500 ms, two additional electrocardiograms (EKGs) separated by at least 3 minutes should be performed. If the average of these three consecutive results for QTcF is =\< 500 ms, the subject meets eligibility in this regard
* Any history of congenital long QT syndrome
* Any of the following within 6 months before registration of study treatment:
* Unstable angina pectoris
* Clinically-significant cardiac arrhythmias (patients with atrial fibrillation are eligible)
* Stroke (including transient ischemic attack \[TIA\], or other ischemic event)
* Myocardial infarction
* Cardiomyopathy
* No significant gastrointestinal disorders particularly those associated with a high risk of perforation or fistula formation including:
* Any of the following that have not resolved within 28 days before the first dose of study treatment:
* Active peptic ulcer disease
* Acute diverticulitis, cholecystitis, symptomatic cholangitis or appendicitis, or malabsorption syndrome
* None of the following within 2 years before the first dose of study treatment:
* Abdominal fistula or genitourinary fistula
* Gastrointestinal perforation
* Bowel obstruction or gastric outlet obstruction
* Intra-abdominal abscess. Note: Complete resolution of an intra-abdominal abscess must be confirmed prior to initiating treatment with cabozantinib even if the abscess occurred more than 2 years before the first dose of study treatment
* Disorders associated with a high risk of fistula formation including percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube placement are not eligible
* No other clinically significant disorders such as:
* Severe active infection requiring IV systemic treatment within 14 days before the first dose of study treatment
* Serious non-healing wound/ulcer/bone fracture within 28 days before the first dose of study treatment
* History of organ or allogeneic stem cell transplant
* Concurrent uncompensated hypothyroidism or thyroid dysfunction within 7 days before the first dose of study treatment (for asymptomatic patients with an elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone \[TSH\], thyroid replacement may be initiated if clinically indicated without delaying the start of study treatment)
* No history of major surgery as follows:
* Major surgery within 3 months of the first dose of cabozantinib; however, if there were no wound healing complications, patients with rapidly growing aggressive cancers, may start as soon as 6 weeks if wound has completely healed post-surgery
* Minor surgery within 1 month of the first dose of cabozantinib if there were no wound healing complications or within 3 months of the first dose of cabozantinib if there were wound complications excluding core biopsies and mediport placement
* Complete wound healing from prior surgery must be confirmed before the first dose of cabozantinib irrespective of the time from surgery
* No history of severe hypersensitivity reaction to any monoclonal antibody
* No evidence of active malignancy, requiring systemic treatment within 2 years of registration
* No history of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to cabozantinib, nivolumab, ipilimumab or other agents used in study
* No positive test for hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBV sAg) or hepatitis C virus ribonucleic acid (HCV antibody) indicating acute or chronic infection. If HBV sAG is positive, subsequent ribonucleic acid (RNA) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) must be negative
* No patients with active autoimmune disease or history of autoimmune disease that might recur, which may affect vital organ function or require immune suppressive treatment including systemic corticosteroids. These include, but are not limited to patients with a history of immune related neurologic disease, multiple sclerosis, autoimmune (demyelinating) neuropathy, Guillain-Barre syndrome, myasthenia gravis; systemic autoimmune disease such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), connective tissue diseases, scleroderma, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn's, ulcerative colitis, hepatitis; and patients with a history of toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), Stevens-Johnson syndrome, or phospholipid syndrome should be excluded because of the risk of recurrence or exacerbation of disease