• Target population: greater than or equal to (>=) 18 (or the legal age of consent in the jurisdiction in which the study is taking place) years of age
• Target population: Symptomatic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) in World Health Organization Functional Class (WHO FC) II, III, or IV
• Target population: PAH subtype falling in one of the below classifications: Idiopathic; Heritable; Drug- or toxin-induced; Related to: Connective tissue disease, HIV infection, Portal hypertension, and Congenital heart disease with small/coincidental cardiac defect with systemic-to-pulmonary shunt ( for example atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, atrioventricular septal defect) which does not account for the elevated pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) or persistent PAH documented by an Right heart catheterization (RHC) >= 1 year after simple systemic-to pulmonary shunt repair
• PAH diagnosis confirmed by hemodynamic evaluation at rest at any time prior to screening: Mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) greater than (>) 20 millimeters of mercury (mm Hg), and; Pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) or left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) less than or equal to (<=) 15 mm Hg, and PVR >= 3 Wood Units (that is, >= 240 dyn*sec/cm^5)
• Able to perform the 6-minute walking test (6MWT) with a minimum distance of 50 meters and maximum distance of 440 meters at screening
• Known presence of three or more of the following risk factors for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction at screening, based on records that confirm documented medical history: Body mass index (BMI) > 30 kilograms per meter square (kg/m^2), Diabetes mellitus of any type, Essential hypertension (even if well controlled); Coronary artery disease, that is, any of the following: history of stable angina, or known more than 50 percent (%) stenosis in a coronary artery, or history of myocardial infarction, or history of or planned coronary artery bypass grafting and/or coronary artery stenting
• Presence of moderate or severe obstructive lung disease (forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV1] / forced vital capacity [FVC] < 70%; and FEV1 < 60% of predicted after bronchodilator administration) ) in participants with a known or suspected history of significant lung disease as documented by a spirometry test performed within 1 year prior to screening
• Known moderate to severe hepatic impairment, defined as Child-Pugh Class B or C, based on records that confirm documented medical history
• Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and/or alanine aminotransferase (ALT) > 1.5*upper limit of normal (ULN) at screening
• Hemoglobin < 100 gram per liter (g/L) (< 10 gram per deciliter [g/dL]) at screening

• 1. Able to understand and willing to sign the Informed Consent Form;
• 2. Male or female ≥ 18 years;
• 3. Subjects with histologically or cytologically confirmed advanced unresectable or metastatic solid tumor, including lymphoma that have progressed following prior treatment. In Part A, subjects must have received, or be ineligible for or intolerant of all available approved or standard therapies known to confer clinical benefit including immunotherapy, or for whom no standard therapy exists; in Part B, subjects with advanced or metastatic solid tumors, including but not limited to lymphoma, melanoma, NSCLC, or other tumors with agreement of the Sponsor, who must have received at least one line of therapy for advanced or metastatic disease, but are not required to have received all standard therapies known to confer clinical benefit; In Part C, subjects must have received at least one line of therapy for advanced or metastatic disease but are not required to have received all standard therapies known to confer clinical benefit; In Part D, subjects with advanced or metastatic solid tumors that may include but not limited to lymphoma, melanoma, NSCLC, RCC or UC who must have received at least one line of therapy for advanced or metastatic disease, but are not required to have received all standard therapies known to confer clinical benefit.
• 4. Measurable disease per RECISTv1.1 and iRECIST, or RECIL 2017 for lymphoma
• 5. ECOG performance status of 0 or 1 with life expectancy of 3 months in the opinion of the investigator.
• 6. Adequate organ and marrow function, as defined below: 1. Hemoglobin 8.0 g/dL within first 2 weeks prior to first dose of TAB004 (are not requiring a transfusion within 14 days prior to dosing) 2. Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) 1.0 x 109 /L (1,000 /mm3) 3. Absolute lymphocyte count ≥ 0.6 x 109/L (600/mm3) 4. Platelet count 75 x 109 /L (75,000 /mm3), and not requiring platelet transfusions within the 5 days prior to dosing 5. Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 x ULN except subjects with documented Gilbert's syndrome who must have a baseline total bilirubin ≤ 3.0 mg/dL 6. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≤ 2.5 x ULN; for subjects with hepatic metastases, ALT and AST ≤ 5 x ULN 7. Serum creatinine ≤ 1.5 x ULN OR calculated creatinine clearance (CrCl) or 24 hour urine CrCl ≥ 40 mL/minute Cockcroft-Gault formula will be used to calculate CrCl. 24-hour urine CrCl will be derived using the measured creatinine clearance formula 8. International normalized ratio (INR) ≤ 2.0 and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) ≤ 1.5 x ULN; applies only to subjects who do not receive therapeutic anticoagulation; subjects receiving therapeutic anticoagulation (such as low-molecular weight heparin or warfarin) should be on a stable dose
• 7. Willingness to provide consent for biopsy samples (In Part A, fresh pre-treatment biopsies will be requested from subjects with safely accessible lesions. For subjects who cannot provide a fresh pre-treatment biopsy, request for the most recent accessible archival specimen will be required. In Part B, C and D, fresh pre-treatment biopsies will be required from subjects with safely accessible lesions. The most recent archival specimens will also be requested).
• 8. Females of childbearing potential who are sexually active with a nonsterilized male partner must use effective contraception from time of screening, and must agree to continue using such precautions for 90 days after the final dose of TAB004 or toripalimab; cessation of birth control after this point should be discussed with a responsible physician. Periodic abstinence, the rhythm method, and the withdrawal method are not acceptable methods of birth control.
• 9. Females of childbearing potential are defined as those who are not surgically sterile (i.e., bilateral tubal ligation, bilateral oophorectomy, or complete hysterectomy) or postmenopausal (defined as at least 12 months with no menses confirmed by follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH] levels. FSH testing will be conducted at the Screening visit to confirm post-menopausal status).
• 10. Subjects must use effective contraception. Nonsterilized males who are sexually active with a female partner of childbearing potential must use effective contraception from Day 1 and for 90 days after receipt of the final dose of TAB004 or toripalimab.
• 1. Concurrent enrollment in another clinical study, unless it is an observational (non interventional) clinical study or the follow-up period of an interventional study.
• 2. Any concurrent anti-cancer therapy, such as but not limited to chemotherapy, targeted therapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, or biologic therapy. Radiation treatment for palliative intent is allowed provided that lesions other than those receiving radiation are available to measure response. Concurrent use of hormones for non-cancer-related conditions (e.g., insulin for type 2 diabetes and hormone replacement therapy) is acceptable. Note: Local treatment of isolated lesions for palliative intent is acceptable (e.g., by local surgery or radiotherapy).
• 3. Receipt of any investigational anticancer therapy within 28 days prior to the first dose of TAB004 or, provided documentable, 5 half lives whichever is shorter, except for lymphoma in which the exclusionary period is 2 weeks for immune checkpoint inhibitors only.
• 4. Current or prior use of immunosuppressive medication within 2 weeks prior to the first dose of TAB004, with the exception of intranasal and inhaled corticosteroids or systemic corticosteroids not to exceed 10 mg/day of prednisone or equivalent.
• 5. Prior exposure to anti-BTLA, or anti-HVEM antibodies for subjects enrolled into Part A and B only; prior treatment with anti-PD-1 or anti-PDL-1is allowed,including toripalimab for all subjects.
• 6. Prior allogeneic bone marrow transplantation or prior solid organ transplantation.
• 7. Subjects with another malignancy, or history or other malignancy within 3 years that is not expected to relapse. Subjects with non-melanomatous skin cancer or cervical cancer that has been curatively surgically resected are eligible.
• 8. Major surgery (as defined by the investigator) within 28 days prior to first dose of TAB004 or has not recovered to at least Grade 1 from adverse effects from such procedure, or anticipation of the need for major surgery during study treatment.
• 9. Unresolved toxicities from prior anticancer therapy, defined as having not resolved to baseline or to NCI-CTCAE v5.0 Grade 0 or 1, or to levels dictated in the inclusion/exclusion criteria with the exception of neuropathies that are stable or improving and alopecia. Subjects with irreversible toxicity that is not reasonably expected to be exacerbated by TAB004 may be included (e.g., hearing loss) after consultation with the medical monitor.
• 10. Active or prior documented autoimmune disease, such as but not limited to systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune hepatitis, systemic sclerosis, autoimmune vasculitis, autoimmune neuropathies or type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Note: Subjects with the following are not excluded: vitiligo; alopecia; Grave's disease not requiring systemic treatment other than thyroid hormone replacement (within the past 2 years) psoriasis not requiring systemic treatment; controlled celiac disease; subjects with a history of autoimmune hypothyroidism requiring only thyroid hormone replacement therapy; And type 2 diabetes, provided that it is adequately controlled.
• 11. Clinically significant (intracranial, gastrointestinal) bleeding within 2 weeks prior to screening.
• 12. Known history of tuberculosis.
• 13. Subjects with history of or current drug-induced interstitial lung disease or pneumonitis ≥ Grade 2.
• 14. Subjects who have discontinued prior immune therapy due to immune mediated adverse reaction(s).
• 15. Subjects who are known to be human immunodeficiency virus positive.
• 16. Subjects with evidence of hepatitis B or C virus infection, unless their hepatitis is considered to have been cured. (Note that subjects with prior hepatitis B virus infection must have HBV viral load < 100 IU/mL before study enrollment, and must be treated according to local standards; hepatitis C virus infection must have, before study enrollment, no detectable viral load and must be treated according to local standards).
• 17. Active or prior documented inflammatory bowel disease (e.g., Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis). Infection-related bowel inflammation, such as Clostridium difficile colitis, is not excluded provided that it has been fully resolved for ≥ 6 weeks.
• 18. History of anaphylaxis, or eczema that cannot be controlled with topical corticosteroids asthma.
• 19. Adult asthma that is moderate or severe, or asthma that has required: hospitalization in the last 2 years; invasive mechanical ventilation ever; systemic corticosteroids in the past year for exacerbations; or more than two short acting beta agonist (e.g., albuterol) administrations per month for breakthrough asthma symptoms. A history of childhood asthma or the presence of mild adult asthma that at baseline has symptoms that can be controlled well with inhaled corticosteroids or short acting beta agonists will not be excluded.
• 20. Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure according to New York Heart Association Functional Classification ≥ 3, uncontrolled hypertension, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, active peptic ulcer disease or gastritis, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements, substantially increase risk of incurring adverse events from TAB004, or compromise the ability of the subject to give written informed consent.
• 21. Untreated central nervous system and leptomeningeal metastases or requiring ongoing treatment for these metastases, including corticosteroids. Subjects with previously treated brain metastases may participate provided they are clinically stable for at least 28 days prior to study entry, have no evidence of new or enlarging metastases, and are off steroids.
• 22. Receipt of live attenuated vaccination within 28 days prior to study entry or within 30 days of receiving TAB004.
• 23. Any condition or treatment or diagnostic test that, in the opinion of the investigator or sponsor, would interfere with evaluation of TAB004 or interpretation of subject safety or study results.
• 24. Pregnancy or breast feeding women.

• Infants born 23 -25 weeks GA
• Resuscitated without requiring intubation and maintaining HR >100, oxygen saturation per NRP goal saturation limits and regular respiratory effort on CPAP
• Major congenital anomalies

• Infants ≥29 weeks gestational age between 0-72 hours of life on CPAP for respiratory support who qualify for the LISA procedure as determined by the primary team using Parkland OPTISURF guidelines
• Infants requiring intubation prior to surfactant therapy
• Infants with known severe congenital anomalies (including complex congenital heart disease, airway, and central nervous system anomalies)
• Infants born to mothers with known opioid addiction or in a methadone treatment program

1. Dysfunctional RVOT conduit or previously implanted surgical valve 2. RVOT/PV with ≥ moderate regurgitation and/or a mean RVOT/PV gradient of ≥ 35 mmHg 1. Inability to tolerate an anticoagulation/antiplatelet regimen 2. Active bacterial endocarditis or other active infections

• Documented diagnosis of CF
• Acute pulmonary exacerbation as the primary reason for admission to the hospital with requirement to receive systemic antibiotic treatment
• Females that are pregnant and/or breastfeeding
• History of any moderate or severe hypersensitivity or allergic reaction to any β-lactam antibiotic (a history of mild rash to a cephalosporin followed by uneventful re-exposure is not a contraindication)
• History of a lung transplant at any time in the past or any other organ transplantation (e.g., liver) within the last 6 months
• Moderate to severe renal dysfunction defined as a creatinine clearance < 60 mL/min (as calculated by the Cockcroft-Gault equation using actual body weight) or requirement for continuous renal replacement therapy or hemodialysis
• A hemoglobin less than 8 gm/dL at baseline
• Any rapidly-progressing disease or immediately life-threatening illness (defined as imminent death within 48 hours in the opinion of the investigator)

Inclusion Criteria :
• Male or female age ≥18 years
• Able and willing to provide written informed consent, which includes compliance with study requirements and restrictions listed in the consent form
• Greater than or equal to 6-month history of documented sarcoidosis including histological confirmation in the subject's medical records
• Symptomatic as indicated by Medical Research Council Dyspnea scale >1 (i.e., Grade 2 or more) in the prior 6 months
• Body Mass Index (BMI) <40 kg/m2 at Screening
• Vaccinations for COVID-19 with completion of the primary series at least 2 weeks prior to randomization Exclusion Criteria
• Hospitalized for any respiratory illness <30 days prior to Screening
• Greater than or equal to 20% fibrosis as indicated on HRCT-scan assessed by central read prior to randomization
• Hemoglobin <9.5 g/dL
• Participation in another interventional clinical trial (IP/Device) within 6 months prior to Screening
• ECG abnormalities that warrant further clinical investigation or management at Screening
• Systolic blood pressure (SBP) <90 or >180mm Hg; Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) <60
• Has documented laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection as determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or other approved clinical testing <3 months prior to randomization
• Other significant pulmonary disease likely to interfere with the primary endpoint
• Females who are pregnant or breastfeeding or intend to be during the course of the study
• Any other acute or chronic medical condition, psychiatric condition, or laboratory abnormality, that in the judgment of the Investigator or Sponsor, may increase the risk associated with study participation or investigational product administration, or may interfere with the interpretation of study results, and would make the participant inappropriate for entry into this study Other protocol-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria may apply.

1. Adult patients ≥ 18 years who received a single lung transplant at least 12 months prior to Screening. 2. Patients with BOS diagnosis defined as CLAD-BOS phenotype with: 1. Screening FEV1 between 85-51% of personal best FEV1 value post-transplant OR 2. Screening FEV1 >85% of personal best FEV1 associated with EITHER a ≥ 200 mL decrease in FEV1 in the previous 12 months OR according to medical history showing BOS progression. 3. Diagnosis of CLAD-BOS must be made at least 12 months after lung transplantation and 1. within 12 months prior to the screening visit OR 2. more than 12 months from screening and patient must have shown a decline in FEV1 ≥ 200ml in the previous 12 months before screening, which is not due to acute infection or acute organ rejection. 4. Patients in whom the diagnosis of BOS has been confirmed by the elimination of other possible causes of obstructive or restrictive lung disease (CLAD
•RAS phenotype, see Protocol Specific Definitions). 5. Patients should be on a maintenance regimen of immunosuppressive agents including tacrolimus, a second agent such as but not limited to MMF or azathioprine, and a systemic corticosteroid such as prednisone as third agent. The regimen must be stable within 4 weeks prior to randomization with respect to the therapeutic agents. 6. Patients capable of understanding the purposes and risks of the clinical trial, who have given written informed consent and agree to comply with the clinical trial requirements/visit schedules, and who are capable of aerosol inhalation. Patients must consent to retrieve prespecified data from the historic medical record (e.g., information related to the transplant surgery; spirometry data; medication use). 7. Women of childbearing potential must have a negative serum or urine pregnancy test within 7 days prior to randomization and must agree to use one of the methods of contraception listed in Appendix II through their End of Study Visit. 8. Patients have no concomitant diagnoses that are considered fatal within one year (12 months) of Screening. 1. Patients with confirmed other causes for loss of lung function, such as acute infection, acute rejection, restrictive allograft syndrome (CLAD
•RAS phenotype, see Protocol Specific Definition ), etc. 2. Patients with acute antibody-mediated rejection at Screening. In this context, clinically stable patients (as judged by the Investigator) with detectable levels of donor specific antibodies (DSA) at the Screening Visit are eligible for the study. 3. Active acute bacterial, viral, or fungal infection not successfully resolved at least 4 weeks prior to the Screening Visit. Patients with chronic infection or colonization who are clinically stable as per judgement of the Investigator are eligible for the study. 4. Mechanical ventilation within 12 weeks prior to Randomization. 5. Patients with uncontrolled hypertension. 6. Patient has baseline resting oxygen saturation of < 89% on room air or use of supplemental oxygen at rest. 7. Evidence of functional airway stenosis (e.g., bronchomalacia/tracheomalacia, airway stents, or airways requiring balloon dilatations to maintain patency) with onset after the initial diagnosis of BOS and ongoing at Screening and/or Baseline Visit. 8. Known hypersensitivity to L-CsA or to cyclosporine A. 9. Patients with chronic renal failure, defined as serum creatinine > 2.5 mg/dL at screening, or requiring chronic dialysis. 10. Patients with liver disease and serum bilirubin > 3-fold upper limit of normal range or transaminases > 2.5 upper limit of normal range. 11. Patients with active malignancy within the previous 2 years, including post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder, with the exception of treated, localized basal and squamous cell carcinomas. 12. Pregnant women or women who are unwilling to use appropriate birth control to avoid pregnancy through their End of Study Visit. 13. Women who are currently breastfeeding. 14. Receipt of an investigational drug as part of a clinical trial within 4 weeks prior to the Screening Visit. This is defined as any treatment that is implemented under an Investigational New Drug (IND) or compassionate use. 15. Patients who have received extracorporeal photophoresis (ECP) for treatment of BOS within 1 month prior to Randomization. 16. Patients who are currently participating in an interventional clinical trial. 17. Psychiatric disorders or altered mental status precluding understanding of the informed consent process and/or completion of the necessary procedures. 18. Any co-existing medical condition that in the Investigator's judgment will substantially increase the risk associated with the patient's participation in the clinical trial.

Key In order to be eligible to participate in any phase of this study, an individual must meet all of the following criteria: 1. Provision of written informed consent. 2. Age ≥ 18 years or the minimum legal adult age (whichever is greater) at the time of informed consent. 3. Adequate hematologic and organ function as defined by the following criteria: 1. Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1.5 × 10^9/L; excluding measurements obtained within 7 days after daily administration of filgrastim/sargramostim or within 3 weeks after administration of pegfilgrastim. 2. Platelet count ≥ 100 × 10^9/L; excluding measurements obtained within 3 days after transfusion of platelets. 3. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≤ 3 × upper limit of normal (ULN). If liver function abnormalities are due to underlying liver metastases, AST and ALT ≤ 5 x ULN. 4. Total serum bilirubin ≤ 1.5 × ULN or ≤ 3 × ULN in the case of Gilbert's disease. 5. Serum creatinine ≤ 1.5 x ULN or creatinine clearance (CrCl) ≥ 60 mL/min. 4. Female subjects of childbearing potential must have a negative serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin test. 5. Male subjects and female subjects of childbearing potential must agree to use an effective method of contraception per institutional standard prior to the first dose and for 90 days after the last dose of ZN-c3. Individuals must meet the additional criteria in order to be eligible to participate in Phase 1: 1. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status ≤ 2. 2. Measurable or evaluable disease per RECIST version 1.1. Individuals must meet these additional criteria in order to be eligible to participate in Phase 2 Single Agent part of the study: 1. ECOG performance status ≤ 1. 2. Measurable disease per RECIST version 1.1. Individuals must meet these additional criteria in order to be eligible to participate in Phase 2 combination with a PARP inhibitor: 1. ECOG performance status ≤ 1. 2. Measurable disease per RECIST version 1.1. Individuals must meet these additional criteria in order to be eligible to participate in Phase 2 combination with a PD-1 inhibitor: 1. ECOG performance status ≤ 1. 2. Measurable disease per RECIST version 1.1. Key 1. Any of the following treatment interventions within the specified time frame prior to Cycle 1 Day 1: 1. Major surgery within 28 days. 2. Radiation therapy within 21 days. 3. Any prior systemic therapy regardless of the stop date, but the subject must have recovered to eligibility levels from prior toxicity. 4. Autologous or allogeneic stem cell transplant within 3 months. 5. Current use of an investigational agent that is not expected to be cleared by the first dosing of study drug or that has demonstrated to have prolonged side effects. Subjects should have recovered from the side effects to a Grade 0 or 1 (except alopecia). 2. A serious illness or medical condition(s) including, but not limited to, the following: 1. Brain metastases that require immediate treatment or are clinically or radiologically unstable. 2. Leptomeningeal disease that requires or is anticipated to require immediate treatment. 3. Myocardial impairment of any cause resulting in heart failure by New York Heart Association Criteria Class III or IV. 4. Other severe acute or chronic medical or psychiatric condition or laboratory abnormality that may increase the risk associated with study participation or study drug administration, or may interfere with the interpretation of study results, and in the judgment of the Investigator would make the subject inappropriate for entry into this study. 5. Significant gastrointestinal abnormalities 6. Active or uncontrolled infection. 3. Unresolved toxicity of Grade > 1 attributed to any prior therapies (excluding Grade 2 neuropathy, alopecia or skin pigmentation). 4. Prior therapy with ZN-c3 or known hypersensitivity to any drugs similar to ZN-c3 in class. 5. Subjects with active (uncontrolled, metastatic) second malignancies or requiring therapy.

• Histologically or cytologically documented locally advanced or metastatic solid tumor malignancy.
• Progressed or was intolerant to all available therapies known to confer clinical benefit appropriate for their tumor type, and for which the patient was eligible and willing to receive, or refused SOC treatments that are perceived to have marginal clinical benefit.
• Adequate bone marrow, kidney and liver function.
• Performance status of 0 or 1.
• Resolved acute effects of any prior therapy to baseline severity or CTCAE Grade 1 except for AEs not constituting a safety risk by Investigator judgement.
• Prior treatment targeting ILT2 and/or ILT4 or targeting HLA-G.

• Patients aged ≥18 years at the time of riociguat treatment initiation
• Diagnosis of PAH per National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) 2018 classification
• Decision to initiate treatment with riociguat as per investigator's routine treatment practice made prior to enrollment in the study
• Initiation of riociguat, as per the FDA-approved US label:
• At enrollment OR
• ≤90 days prior to enrollment, with a documented titration regimen (defined as all documented dose changes including, but not limited to: starting dose and dates and highest tolerated dose and dates)
• Signed informed consent
• Previously treated with and discontinued use of riociguat for any reason prior to study enrollment (discontinuation defined as an interruption of therapy ≥30 days)
• Participating in any of the following: 1. Blinded clinical trial 2. Clinical trial involving an unapproved drug 3. Investigational program with interventions outside of routine clinical practice
• Life expectancy <12 months
• Contraindicated to receive riociguat per the FDA approved US label
• Use of nitrates or NO donors in any form
• Use of PDE5 inhibitors
• PH associated with idiopathic interstitial pneumonias
• Unable or unwilling to provide informed consent

• Female, age 18 or over
• Diagnosis of LAM
• Signed and dated informed consent
• On chronic therapy, newly treated or may be considered for therapy with mTOR inhibitors or previously intolerant of or having failed mTOR inhibitor therapy
• Inability to attend at least one RLD Clinic visit per year
• Inability to give informed consent
• Inability or unwillingness to perform pulmonary function testing

• 18-80 years old
• Obese (BMI > or equal to 30 kg/m2
• Scheduled for a non-emergent surgery that requires general anesthesia (e.g., orthopedic, breast, urological, colorectal, ENT, vascular, general surgery)
• Willing and able to consent in English or Spanish
• No current history of advanced pulmonary or cardiac disease
• Age less than 18 or older than 80
• BMI ≥50 or < 30 kg/m2
• Patient does not speak English or Spanish
• Expected surgical duration longer than 4 hours
• Planned postoperative ICU admission
• Patient refusal
• Monitored anesthesia care (MAC) or regional anesthesia planned
• Pregnant or nursing women
• "Stat" (emergent) cases
• Known or suspected difficult airway
• Full stomach/significant aspiration risk (gastroparesis, emergency surgery, untreated moderate to severe gastroesophageal reflux disease, hiatal hernia)
• No history of gastric surgery
• Surgery in position other than supine (e.g., Trendelenburg)
• Laparoscopic surgery

1. The patient/patient's legally authorized representative has been informed of the nature of the study, agrees to its provisions and has provided written informed consent. 2. Pediatric or adult patent whose weight is ≥ 20 kg (44 lbs). 3. The patient has a dysfunctional RVOT/PV. 4. RVOT/PV proximal and distal landing zone diameter ≥ 27 mm and ≤ 38 mm and/or minimum of 35 mm from contractile tissue to lowest pulmonary artery takeoff immediately prior to Alterra Prestent insertion. 1. Active infection requiring current antibiotic therapy (if temporary illness, patient may be a candidate 2 weeks after discontinuation of antibiotics). 2. History of or active endocarditis (active treatment with antibiotics) within the past 180 days. 3. Leukopenia (WBC < 2000 cells/μL), anemia (Hgb < 7 g/dL), thrombocytopenia (platelets < 50,000 cells/μL) or any known blood clotting disorder. 4. Inappropriate anatomy for introduction and delivery of the Alterra Adaptive Prestent or the SAPIEN 3 THV.

• For asthma patients: diagnosis of asthma (verified by a medical documentation) for at least 2 years; for healthy volunteers: no significant medical or psychiatric history.
• Ages 40 to 69 years old.
• Proficient in English.
• Education level of at least 10th grade level.
• Treatment with oral corticosteroids in the previous 6 weeks, because of the potent effects of this drug on airway reactivity.
• Spirometry: Peak expiratory flow (PEF) below 60% of predicted.
• Diagnosis of vocal cord dysfunction (identified by abnormalities in spirometric flow-volume curves), clinically significant chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or emphysema.
• Presence or history of medical or neurological disorder that may affect brain function and the physiological systems of interest (e.g. angina, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, transient ischemic attacks, cerebrovascular accidents, emphysema, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, history of seizures or head trauma, endocrine disorders or renal disease, chemotherapy or radiation presently or in the past 5 years, uncontrolled diabetes, blood pressure above 160/90 (self-reported or measured at session 1).
• Corrected vision poorer than 20/30 on Snellen Eye Chart.
• Presence or history of Schizophrenia, Psychosis, Dementia, Bipolar I, Bipolar II, PTSD or Acute Stress Disorder
• Current or recent history (within 1 year) of Substance Related Disorders, current recreational drug use (defined as past 30 days) or consuming more than 20 alcoholic drinks per week.
• Current treatment with anti-psychotics, sedatives, benzodiazepines with a half-life longer than 6 hours.
• Previous electroconvulsive therapy.
• Presence of history of orthopaedic circumstances and metallic inserts interfering with MR scanning (prior surgeries and/or implant pacemakers, pacemaker wires, artificial heart value, brain aneurysm surgery, middle ear implant, non-removable hearing aid or jewelry, braces or extensive dental work, cataract surgery or lens implant, implanted mechanical or electrical device, artificial limb or joint, foreign metallic objects in the body such as bullets, BB's, shrapnel, or metalwork fragments, pregnancy, claustrophobia, uncontrollable shaking, or inability to lie still for one hour.
• Not proficient in English.
• In the opinion of the principal investigator, participant is otherwise unsuitable for this study.

• Ages 8 to ≤ 21 years
• Participant must be able to speak and understand English
• Be willing to participate and able to comply with the study protocol
• For participants with PE: Children with acute, radiologically confirmed pulmonary embolism (PE) with our without DVT
• For control group: Children who are prescribed physical activity restrictions for 2 up to 12 weeks following any minor outpatient surgery or, minor injury (surgery or injury is referred to as "diagnosis" hereafter)
• Congenital heart disease with abnormal pulmonary circulation or with in-situ pulmonary artery thrombosis
• Chronic kidney disease
• Chronic inflammatory or an autoimmune disorder (such as systemic lupus erythematosus, juvenile rheumatoid disorder, inflammatory bowel disease, and sickle cell disease)
• A metabolic or endocrinological disorder such as diabetes mellitus or thyroid disorder
• History of or active cancer
• Pregnant
• Musculoskeletal limitations to exercise expected to be present uptil 4 months post-diagnosis
• Weight ≥ 300 lbs
• Contraindications to magnetic resonance imaging
• Frequent severe exacerbations of asthma defined by two or more bursts of systemic glucocorticoids (more than three days each) in the previous year or at least one hospitalization, intensive care unit stay or mechanical ventilation in the previous year. Patients should also be excluded if there are daily symptoms of asthma requiring daily use of short-acting bronchodilators such as albuterol or levalbuterol administration. The use of controller medications such as daily inhaled corticosteroids for mild persistent asthma is not exclusionary.
• Has any other medical condition, which in the opinion of the investigator may potentially compromise the safety or compliance of the patient or may preclude the patient's successful completion of the clinical study Additional exclusion criteria for participants with PE:
• Prior history of DVT or PE (upper extremity, cerebral sinus venous thrombosis and abdominal thromboses encountered as a neonate are not exclusion criteria)
• Lack of anticoagulant treatment for the acute VTE due to contraindications

• Both obese and non-obese (normal weight) early pregnant women aged ≥18 years old will be permitted to participate in this project.
• No restriction with respect to race and socioeconomic status
• Women with a prior history of complicated pregnancy (i.e., gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, HELLP syndrome, gestational diabetes, preterm birth, intrauterine growth restriction, etc.) will be allowed to participate.
• Obese women with previously diagnosed OSA will be allowed to participate if they are not currently on any recognized treatments such as Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP), oral appliances or nasal expiratory positive airway pressure.
• Those who have had surgery for OSA in the past will be excluded.
• Women taking low-dose aspirin will be allowed to participate in this project.
• Current multiple pregnancy;
• Known major fetal chromosomal or anatomical abnormalities;
• Recurrent miscarriage (three or more);
• Chronic essential hypertension (systolic BP >140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP >90 mmHg);
• Any evidence of cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases by history or by physical examination;
• Kidney disease (serum creatinine >1.5 mg/dL);
• Coagulation disorders;
• Diabetes mellitus (fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL or 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test glucose level ≥200 mg/dL) or other systemic illness;
• Any evidence of neurological disease;
• Psychiatric disease or psychological disorders;
• History of drug or alcohol abuse within the last 2 years; and
• Given the effects of exercise training on sympathetic neural control, endurance-trained athletes will be excluded. As this project focuses on sleep apnea in pregnancy, Women with other significant sleep disorders such as restless legs syndrome by Rest Leg Syndrome Diagnostic Index and insomnia by the Insomnia Severity Index or Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index will be excluded; In addition, women who report taking a sleeping aid >1 time per month will be excluded.

• Part A:
• Less than 5 years of age at the first study visit.
• Documentation of a CF diagnosis. Part B:
• Participated in Part A OR less than 6 years of age at the first study visit.
• Documentation of a CF diagnosis.
• CFTR mutations consistent with FDA labeled indication of highly effective modulator therapy (ivacaftor or elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor).
• Physician intent to prescribe ivacaftor or elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor.
• Part A and Part B: Use of an investigational drug within 28 days prior to and including the first study visit. Use of ivacaftor or elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor within the 180 days prior to and including the first study visit. Use of chronic oral corticosteroids within the 28 days prior to and including the first study visit.