• Histologically or cytologically-confirmed Ewing sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, neuroblastoma, or osteosarcoma
• Disease progression after prior therapy in locally advanced or metastatic setting
• Measurable or evaluable disease based on the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST v1.1) criteria
• Age 12 months to <21 years
• Adequate bone marrow reserves, hepatic function, and renal function
• Recovered from effects of any prior surgery or cancer therapy
• Patients 18 years or older will provide written consent. A parent or legal guardian of a patient <18 years of age will provide informed consent and patients 11 to 18 years of age will provide written assent or as per participating institutional policy.
• Clinically significant gastrointestinal disorders
• NYHA Class III or IV congestive heart failure, ventricular arrhythmias or uncontrolled blood pressure
• Active infection or unexplained fever
• Known hypersensitivity to any of the components of MM-398 or other liposomal products
• Recent Investigational therapy
• Pregnant or breast feeding; females of child-bearing potential must test negative for pregnancy at the time of enrollment

Key For Phase 1:
• Participants with a locally advanced or metastatic solid tumor that:
• Has progressed on or is intolerant to standard therapy, or
• For which no standard therapy exists, or in the opinion of the Investigator, are not candidates for or would be unlikely to tolerate or derive significant clinical benefit from standard therapy, or
• Decline standard therapy
• Prior multikinase inhibitors (MKIs) with anti-RET activity are allowed
• A RET gene alteration is not required initially. Once adequate PK exposure is achieved, evidence of RET gene alteration in tumor and/or blood is required as identified through molecular assays, as performed for clinical evaluation
• Measurable or non-measurable disease as determined by RECIST 1.1 or RANO as appropriate to tumor type
• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score of 0, 1, or 2 or Lansky Performance Score (LPS) greater than or equal to (≥) 40 percent (%) (age less than [<] 16 years) with no sudden deterioration 2 weeks prior to the first dose of study treatment
• Adequate hematologic, hepatic and renal function
• Life expectancy of at least 3 months For Phase 2: As for phase 1 with the following modifications:
• For Cohort 1: Participants must have received prior standard therapy appropriate for their tumor type and stage of disease, or in the opinion of the Investigator, would be unlikely to tolerate or derive clinical benefit from appropriate standard of care therapy
• Cohorts 1 and 2:
• Enrollment will be restricted to participants with evidence of a RET gene alteration in tumor
• At least one measurable lesion as defined by RECIST 1.1 or RANO, as appropriate to tumor type and not previously irradiated
• Cohorts 3 and 4: Enrollment closed
• Cohort 5:
• Cohorts 1-4 without measurable disease
• MCT not meeting the requirements for Cohorts 3 or 4
• MTC syndrome spectrum cancers (e.g., MTC, pheochromocytoma), cancers with neuroendocrine features/differentiation, or poorly differentiated thyroid cancers with other RET alteration/activation may be allowed with prior Sponsor approval
• cfDNA positive for a RET gene alteration not known to be present in a tumor sample
• Cohort 6: Participants who otherwise are eligible for Cohorts 1, 2 or 5 who discontinued another RET inhibitor may be eligible with prior Sponsor approval
• Cohort 7: Participants with a histologically confirmed stage IB-IIIA NSCLC and a RET fusion; determined to be medically operable and tumor deemed resectable by a thoracic surgical oncologist, without prior systemic treatment for NSCLC Key Exclusion Criteria (Phase 1 and Phase 2):
• Phase 2 Cohorts 1 and 2: an additional known oncogenic driver
• Cohorts 3 and 4: Enrollment closed
• Cohorts 1, 2 and 5: prior treatment with a selective RET inhibitor Notes: Participants otherwise eligible for Cohorts 1, 2, and 5 who discontinued another selective RET inhibitor may be eligible for Phase 2 Cohort 6 with prior Sponsor approval
• Investigational agent or anticancer therapy (including chemotherapy, biologic therapy, immunotherapy, anticancer Chinese medicine or other anticancer herbal remedy) within 5 half-lives or 2 weeks (whichever is shorter) prior to planned start of LOXO-292 (selpercatinib). In addition, no concurrent investigational anti-cancer therapy is permitted Note: Potential exception for this exclusion criterion will require a valid scientific justification and approval from the Sponsor
• Major surgery (excluding placement of vascular access) within 2 weeks prior to planned start of LOXO-292 (selpercatinib)
• Radiotherapy with a limited field of radiation for palliation within 1 week of planned start of LOXO-292 (selpercatinib), with the exception of participants receiving radiation to more than 30% of the bone marrow or with a wide field of radiation, which must be completed at least 4 weeks prior to the first dose of study treatment
• Any unresolved toxicities from prior therapy greater than Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) Grade 1 at the time of starting study treatment with the exception of alopecia and Grade 2, prior platinum-therapy related neuropathy
• Symptomatic primary CNS tumor, metastases, leptomeningeal carcinomatosis, or untreated spinal cord compression. Participants are eligible if neurological symptoms and CNS imaging are stable and steroid dose is stable for 14 days prior to the first dose of LOXO-292 (selpercatinib) and no CNS surgery or radiation has been performed for 28 days, 14 days if stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS)
• Clinically significant active cardiovascular disease or history of myocardial infarction within 6 months prior to planned start of LOXO-292 (selpercatinib) or prolongation of the QT interval corrected (QTcF) greater than (>) 470 milliseconds (msec)
• Participants with implanted pacemakers may enter the study without meeting QTc criteria due to nonevaluable measurement if it is possible to monitor for QT changes.
• Participants with bundle branch block may be considered for study entry if QTc is appropriate by a formula other than Fridericia's and if it is possible to monitor for QT changes.
• Required treatment with certain strong cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) inhibitors or inducers and certain prohibited concomitant medications
• Phase 2 Cohort 7 (neoadjuvant treatment): Participant must not have received prior systemic therapy for NSCLC.

Cystic Fibrosis Main Study
• Must have CF diagnosis confirmed by sweat test or genotype analysis
• Subjects (and parents/legal guardians as applicable) must have the ability to read and write in English Sub-study
• No CF diagnosis
• Men or women without osteoporosis
• Less than 18 years of age
• Unwilling to return annually for study visits for up to 5 years
• Unwilling and/or medically unable to take denosumab

• Stratum I
• Patients must be less than 18 years of age at the time of diagnosis.
• Patients must have histological verification of the diagnosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis according to the criteria described in Section 6.1
• Signed informed consent form
• Stratum II
• Patients of Stratum I who have:
• Progressive disease (AD worse) in non-risk organs after 6 weeks (Initial Course
• AD intermediate or worse in non-risk organs or AD better in risk organs after 12 weeks (Initial Course 2)
• Disease progression (AD worse) in non-risk organs at any time during continuation treatment
• Active disease at the end of Stratum I treatment
• Disease reactivation in non-risk organs at any time after completion of Stratum I treatment
• Stratum III
• Patients from Stratum I who fulfill the following criteria:
• AD worse in risk organs after week 6 (after Initial Course 1), or AD worse or AD intermediate in risk organs after week 12 (after Initial Course 2).
• Presence of unequivocally severe organ dysfunction at the above mentioned evaluation points (hematological dysfunction, liver dysfunction, or both of them) as
• Hb <70 g/L (<7.0 g/dl) and/or transfusion dependency
• PLT <20 x109/L (20,000/μL) and/or transfusion dependency (both criteria have to be fulfilled) AND/OR
• Liver dysfunction (or digestive involvement with protein loss)
• Total protein <55 g/L or substitution dependency
• Albumin <25 g/L or substitution dependency (at least one of the two criteria to be fulfilled)
• Stratum IV
• Patients from Stratum I or Stratum III who fulfill the following criteria:
• AD worse in risk organs after week 6 (after Initial Course 1), or AD worse or AD intermediate in risk organs after week 12 (after Initial Course 2) of Stratum I OR
• AD worse after the 2nd and 3rd 2-CdA/Ara-C course, and those AD worse or AD intermediate after the 4th 2-CdA/Ara-C course of Stratum III AND
• Presence of unequivocally severe organ dysfunction at the above mentioned evaluation points (hematological dysfunction, liver dysfunction, or both of them) as defined in Table XI (see Section 10.3.1).
• Informed consent: All patients or their legal guardians (if the patient is <18 years of age) must sign an Ethics or institutional Review Board approved consent form indicating their awareness of the investigational nature and the risks of this study. When appropriate, younger patients will be included in all discussions in order to obtain assent.
• Adequate organ function: Patients should have adequate hepatic, renal, cardiac and pulmonary function to undergo reduced intensity HCT based upon local institutional guidelines, or at a minimum meet requirements noted in eligibility checklist Appendix A-VIII_1. However, significant hepatic and pulmonary dysfunction, if secondary to underlying LCH disease activity, will not exclude patients from protocol enrollment and should be discussed with the National PI Coordinator and the Coordinating Principal Investigator.
• Stratum V
• All patients with verified diagnosis of LCH and MRI findings consistent with ND-CNSLCH irrespective of previous treatments (also those not registered to other Strata ofLCH-IV).
• Patients with isolated tumorous CNS-LCH (including isolated DI with mass lesion in the hypothalamus-pituitary axis). In patients with already established diagnosis of LCH and radiologic finding of CNS lesions compatible with LCH, a biopsy of the lesion is not obligatory. In all other cases a biopsy of the lesion is needed for inclusion into the study
• Stratum VI -- Patients with newly diagnosed SS-LCH and localization other than "multifocal bone",isolated tumorous CNS lesion, or isolated "CNS-risk" lesion.
• Stratum VII -- All patients registered in LCH IV (regardless of treatment) as long as consent for longterm follow-up has not been withheld.
• Stratum I
• Pregnancy (patients of child-bearing age must be appropriately tested before chemotherapy)
• LCH-related permanent consequences (e.g. vertebra plana, sclerosing cholangitis, lung fibrosis, etc.) in the absence of active disease
• Prior systemic therapy
• Stratum II
• Patients with progressive disease in risk organs
• Permanent consequences (e.g. sclerosing cholangitis, lung fibrosis, etc.) without evidence of active LCH in the same organ or in any other locations
• No written consent of the patient or his/her parents or legal guardian
• Stratum III
• The presence of any of the following criteria will exclude the patient from the study:
• Isolated sclerosing cholangitis without evidence of active hepatic LCH as the only evidence of risk organ involvement.
• Inadequate renal function as defined by serum creatinine > 3x normal for age
• Stratum IV
• Pulmonary failure (requiring mechanical ventilation) not due to active LCH.
• Isolated liver sclerosis or pulmonary fibrosis, without active LCH.
• Uncontrolled active life-threatening infection.
• Decreased renal function with a GFR of less than 50ml/1.73m2/min.
• Pregnancy or active breast feeding
• Failure to provide signed informed consent
• Stratum VI
• Patients with SS-LCH who have an isolated tumorous CNS lesion (they are eligible for Stratum V),
• Patients with isolated "CNS-risk" or multifocal bone lesions (they are eligible for Stratum I, Group 2)

1. Signed informed consent and mental capability to understand the informed consent 2. Male or female patients > 18 years of age 3. Histologically or cytologically documented locally advanced or metastatic solid tumor malignancies refractory to or otherwise ineligible for treatment with standard-of-care agents/regimens, including but not limited to:
• Malignant melanoma
• Hormone receptor negative breast cancer
• Gastro-esophageal cancer
• Non-small cell lung cancer
• Head and neck cancer
• Hepatoma
• Renal cell carcinoma 4. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of ≤ 1 5. Evaluable or measurable disease as follows:
• A minimum of 3 RECIST-evaluable lesions: one that is suitable for injection and biopsied; one non-injected that will be biopsied for abscopal effect; and one measurable lesion that will be followed for response only.
• Injectable tumors shall be accessed by intralesional (cutaneous) or percutaneous injection only, including those lesions that are visible, palpable, or detectable by standard radiographic or ultrasound methods. Neither surgical procedures nor endoscopically-guided injections including those to endobronchial, endoluminal, or endosinusial spaces shall be allowed. While no anatomic locations are required or disallowed, lesions selected for intratumoral injection must, in the opinion of the investigator:
• Not be immediately adjacent to blood vasculature or other physiologic landmarks in such a way that will accrue undue safety risk to the patient
• Have longest diameter ≥ 10 mm and ≤ 50 mm
• Be fully efficacy evaluable per RECIST v1.1 criteria 6. Life expectancy > 3 months (Phase I) and > 6 months (Phase IIA) 7. ECG without evidence of clinically meaningful conduction abnormalities or active ischemia as determined by the investigator 8. Acceptable organ and marrow function as defined below:
• Absolute neutrophil count > 1,500 cells/μL
• Platelets > 50,000 cells/μL
• Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 times the upper limit of normal (ULN)
• Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine transaminase (ALT) ≤ 2.5 times ULN. If liver metastases are present, AST/ALT < 5 times ULN
• Serum creatinine < 1.5 mg/dL and a measured creatinine clearance ≥ 50 mL/min using the Cockcroft-Gault formula
• Prothrombin time (PT)/partial thromboplastin time (PTT) ≤ 1.5 times ULN 9. Women of child-bearing potential (defined as a female who has experienced menarche and who has not undergone successful surgical sterilization (hysterectomy, bilateral salpingectomy, or bilateral oophorectomy) or is not postmenopausal (defined as amenorrhea for at least 12 consecutive months with an appropriate clinical profile at the appropriate age, e.g., greater than 45 years) must have a negative serum pregnancy test prior to first dose of study drug 10. Male and female patients with reproductive potential must agree to use two forms of highly effective contraception throughout the study 11. Phase I combination only: Demonstrated RECIST stable disease through ≥ 4 consecutive cycles of an approved PD-1 or PD-L1 targeted ICI with no Grade ≥ 3 CTCAE events considered by the investigator to be drug-related. 1. Anti-cancer therapy within 4 weeks or < 5 half-lives of the first dose of study drug. 2. Failure to recover to Grade 1 or less from clinically significant AEs due to prior anti-cancer therapy. 3. Known untreated brain metastases or treated brain metastases that have not been stable (scan showing no worsening of central nervous system (CNS) lesion[s] and no requirement of corticosteroids) ≥ 4 weeks prior to study enrollment 4. Baseline prolongation of QT/QTc interval (QTc interval > 470) 5. Uncontrolled intercurrent illness (including, but not limited to, ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness/social situations) that in opinion of the investigator would limit compliance with study requirements 6. Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding 7. Phase I combination only: Prior tumor progression through PD-1 or PD-L1 targeted ICI therapy.

Key 1. Age ≥18 years 2. Histologically or cytologically documented Stage I to II NSCLC, with clinical Stage I/II lymph node-negative (T1 to T3N0M0) disease and planned to receive definitive treatment with SBRT. Patients may be medically inoperable or are medically operable and refusing surgery or choosing to have SBRT (Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy) as definitive therapy 3. Completion of SoC SBRT as definitive treatment prior to randomization 4. World Health Organization (WHO)/Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) PS of 0, 1, or 2 5. Life expectancy of at least 12 weeks 6. Body weight >30 kg 7. Tumor sample required 8. Adequate organ and marrow function required 9. Patients with central or peripheral lesions are eligible 10. Staging studies must be done within 8 weeks before randomization Key 1. Mixed small cell and non-small cell cancer histology 2. History of allogeneic organ transplantation 3. History of another primary malignancy with exceptions 4. History of active primary immunodeficiency 5. Any unresolved toxicity National Cancer Institute (NCI) CTCAE Grade ≥2 from SBRT (Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy)

• Liveborn infants 22 0/7
•28 6/7 weeks gestation or 401
•1000 grams (inclusive) birth weight
• Clinical decision to give surfactant
• Less than or equal to 48 hours postnatal age
• Terminal illness (heart rate < 100 beats per minute, unresponsiveness to resuscitation) or unlikely to survive as judged by the clinician
• Decision to redirect or limit support
• Use of surfactant before enrollment (first dose of surfactant must be study drug)
• Infant received systemic steroids prior to enrollment
• Use of indomethacin, either received by the mother within 24 hours prior to delivery,received by the infant prior to enrollment, or intent to administer to the infant for IVH prophylaxis or PDA management from enrollment up to 7 days of final dose of study drug
• Serious chromosomal abnormalities or major malformations
• Known congenital infections including, but not limited to, confirmed sepsis, congenital CMV, etc.
• Infants with a permanent neuromuscular condition that affects respiration
• Enrollment in a conflicting clinical trial

1. Male or female subjects at least 18 years of age. 2. Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent. 3. Histological or biopsy proven NSCLC. 4. ECOG performance status of 0-3. 5. Node negative (T1 to T3N0M0), centrally located (within 2cm in all directions around the proximal bronchial tree, including ultra-central tumors, abutting the bronchial tree or trachea) or large (>1-7cm) Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC), judged acceptable for SBRT by the treating Investigator 6. Adequate end-organ function, based on routine clinical and laboratory workup: 1. ANC >1,000 cells/µl, Platelets ≥ 75,000 cells/µl, Hemoglobin ≥ 7.0 g/dl 2. Serum creatinine ≤ 2 x ULN or calculated creatinine clearance ≥ 30 ml/min 3. Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 x ULN (or direct bilirubin below the ULN), AST and ALT ≤ 2.5 x ULN 7. Males and females of must agree to use effective contraception starting prior to the first day of treatment and continuing after the last dose of GC4711/Placebo for 30 days (females) and 90 days (males). 1. Subjects with confirmed nodal and/or distant disease(including brain), according standard workup by local investigator 2. Subjects with peripheral lesions 1cm or smaller 3. Prior treatment with immunotherapy within 3 months prior to Day 1 dosing. 4. Prior intra-thoracic radiotherapy or surgery with substantial overlap to planned radiation fields as determined by the treating radiation oncologist. 5. Subjects not recovered/controlled from prior treatment-related (chemotherapy or targeted therapy) toxicities judged by treating physician. 6. Uncontrolled malignancy other than lung cancer that requires active treatment or is deemed by the treating physicians to be likely to affect the subject's survival duration. 7. History of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to GC4711. 8. Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness/social situations that, in the opinion of the investigator, would limit compliance with study requirements. 9. Participation in other clinical trials actively testing new anti-cancer treatments, unless previously written approval is provided by the Sponsor. 10. Requirement for concurrent treatment with nitrates or other drugs that may, in the judgment of the treating investigator, create a risk for a precipitous decrease in blood pressure. 11. Female subjects who are pregnant or breastfeeding. 12. Any other conditions that, in the Investigator's opinion, might indicate the subject to be unsuitable for the study.

• Patients must have histologically or cytologically confirmed stage IV non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer
• Patients must either have tumors that harbor an EGFR mutation in exon 19 or exon 21, or must be never smoker wild-types. Never smoker wild-types are defined as patients with tumors without an ALK or ROS1 rearrangement, and are not harboring any EGFR mutation (this includes exons 19 or 21, exon 20, and any other rare EGFR mutations). Never smoker wild-type patients must have smoked less than 100 cigarettes in a lifetime. Patients with an EGFR mutation in exon 19 or 21 may be included irrespective of their smoking history. If tissue-based testing for EGFR mutation status is not available, blood-based EGFR testing that confirms presence of a mutation in exon 19 or 21 is acceptable, and these patients may be included in the study
• Patients must have measurable disease by CT or MRI, defined as at least one lesion that can be accurately measured in at least one dimension in accordance with RECIST criteria v 1.1
• Patients with tumors that harbor an EGFR exon 19 or exon 21 mutation must have received prior treatments with one or more TKIs. A washout period of at least 2 weeks is required to begin treatment in this trial. Patients who are never smoker wild-types must be treatment naïve
• All patients must be chemotherapy, VEGF therapy, and immunotherapy naive, with the exception of prior oral TKIs which are required for EGFR mutated patients. The number of prior oral TKIs and duration of use is neither specified nor limited.
• Patients with a history of treated asymptomatic CNS metastases are eligible, provided they meet all of the following criteria:
• Only supratentorial and cerebellar metastases allowed (i.e., no metastases to midbrain, pons, medulla or spinal cord)
• No ongoing requirement for corticosteroids as therapy for CNS disease
• No stereotactic radiation within 7 days or whole-brain radiation within 14 days prior to randomization
• No evidence of interim progression between the completion of CNS-directed therapy and the screening radiographic study Patients with new asymptomatic CNS metastases detected at the screening scan must receive radiation therapy and/or surgery for CNS metastases. Following treatment, these patients may then be eligible without the need for an additional brain scan prior to randomization, if all other criteria are met
• Age > 18 years
• ECOG performance status 0 or 1
• Patients must have normal organ and marrow function as defined below. The use of G-CSF should follow standard recommendations and physician discretion. If blood transfusion is performed for achieving hemoglobin levels, the levels should stay at ≥ 9.0 mg/ml for at least a week after transfusion. Absolute neutrophil count > 1,500/mcL Hemoglobin ≥ 9.0 mg/ml Platelets > 100,000/mcL Total bilirubin ≤1.5 X institutional upper limit of normal (ULN) AST/ALT (SGOT/SGPT) < 3 times institutional normal limits, or up to 5 times institutional normal limits if the patient has liver metastases Creatinine OR Creatinine clearance ≤1.5 X ULN, OR > 40 Ml/min/1.73 m2 for patients with creatinine levels above institutional normal as per Cockcroft-Gault formula International Normalized Ratio (INR) or Prothrombin Time (PT) ≤1.5 X ULN unless subject is receiving anticoagulant therapy as long as PT or PTT is within therapeutic range of intended use of anticoagulants Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT) <1.5 X ULN unless subject is receiving anticoagulant therapy as long as PT or PTT is within therapeutic range of intended use of anticoagulants Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) Within normal limits a a: If TSH is not within normal limits at baseline, the subject will still be eligible if total T3 or free T4 are within normal limits.
• Patients on full-dose anticoagulation must be on a stable dose (minimum duration 14 days) of oral anticoagulant or low molecular weight heparin (LMWH). If receiving warfarin, the patient must have an INR ≤3.0. For heparin and LMWH there should be no clinically significant active bleeding (with no bleeding within 14 days prior to first dose of protocol therapy) or pathological condition present that carries a high risk of bleeding (for example, tumor involving major vessels or known varices).
• Ability to understand and willingness to sign a written informed consent and HIPAA consent document.
• A core biopsy must be available for the study. The biopsy sample must be adequate for analyses. If the sample is not adequate, the patient must agree to provide a fresh biopsy specimen before the start of treatment. Any available archival tissue will also be collected.
• Urinary protein must be ≤1+ on dipstick or routine urinalysis (UA; if urine dipstick or routine analysis is ≥2+, a 24 hour urine collection for protein must demonstrate <1000 mg of protein in 24 hours to allow participation in the protocol).
• Female subjects of child-bearing potential must be willing to use an effective method of contraception, for the course of the study through at least 6 months after the last dose of study medication.
• Male patients who have WOCBP partners must agree to use effective method of contraception for the course of the study through 8 months after the last dose of study medication.
• Note: Abstinence is acceptable if this is the usual lifestyle and preferred contraception for the subject.
• Patients currently receiving any other investigational agents, immunomodulatory agents, chemotherapy, or TKIs. EGFR mutation-positive patients must have received prior TKI treatment
• The patient has experienced any Grade 3-4 GI bleeding within 3 months prior to first dose of protocol therapy.
• The patient has a history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE), or any other significant thromboembolism (venous port or catheter thrombosis or superficial venous thrombosis are not considered "significant") during the 3 months prior to the first dose of protocol therapy.
• Subjects with untreated CNS metastases are excluded, even if they are asymptomatic. Patients with treated brain metastases will be allowed if brain imaging obtained within 28 days of trial enrollment reveals stable disease.
• Cirrhosis at a level of Child-Pugh B or worse, or cirrhosis of any degree and a history of hepatic encephalopathy, or clinically meaningful ascites resulting from cirrhosis. Clinically meaningful ascites is defined as ascites from cirrhosis requiring diuretics or paracentesis.
• The patient has experienced any arterial thromboembolic events, including but not limited to myocardial infarction, transient ischemic attack, cerebrovascular accident, or unstable angina, within 6 months prior to first dose of protocol therapy.
• The patient has uncontrolled or poorly-controlled hypertension (>150 mmHg systolic or > 100 mmHg diastolic for >4 weeks) despite standard medical management
• Prior history of hypertensive crisis or hypertensive encephalopathy
• Significant vascular disease (e.g., aortic aneurysm requiring surgical repair or recent peripheral arterial thrombosis) within 6 months prior to randomization
• Evidence of bleeding diathesis or coagulopathy (in the absence of therapeutic anticoagulation)
• History of abdominal or tracheosphageal fistula or gastrointestinal perforation within 6 months prior to randomization
• Clinical signs of gastrointestinal obstruction or requirement for routine parenteral hydration, parenteral nutrition, or tube feeding
• Evidence of abdominal free air not explained by paracentesis or recent surgical procedure
• Serious, non-healing wound, active ulcer, or untreated bone fracture within 28 days prior to first dose of protocol therapy
• Subjects with a history of smoking greater than a 100 cigarettes in a lifetime, unless their tumor has an EGFR exon 19 or exon 21 mutation.
• Patients with active, suspected, or known autoimmune disease that has required systemic treatment in the past one year (i.e., with use of disease modifying agents, corticosteroids or immunosuppressive drugs). Hormone replacement therapy (e.g. thyroxine, insulin, or physiologic corticosteroid replacement therapy for adrenal or pituitary insufficiency, etc.) is not considered a form of systemic treatment.
• Patients with a history of hemoptysis (defined as bright red blood or ≥1/2 teaspoons) within 1 month prior to first dose of protocol therapy or with radiographic evidence of major blood vessel invasion or encasement by cancer.
• The patient has undergone major surgery within 28 days prior to first dose of study treatment, or minor surgery/ subcutaneous venous access device placement within 7 days prior to first dose of protocol therapy. The patient has elective or planned major surgery to be performed during the course of the clinical trial.
• The patient is receiving chronic anti-platelet therapy other than aspirin, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs, including ibuprofen, naproxen, and others), dipyridamole or clopidogrel, or similar agents. Once-daily aspirin use (maximum dose 325 mg/day) is permitted. Occasional use of NSAIDs is allowed (for example daily use for less than a week; treating physician discretion is permitted to differentiate between occasional vs chronic use)
• Patients who have not recovered from adverse events due to agents administered earlier except neuropathy and alopecia. Physician's discretion is allowed to decide which unresolved adverse events from previous therapy (for NSCLC) prohibit patient participation in this study.
• Patients requiring more than 10 mg prednisolone (or its equivalent) per day are excluded.
• Patients with any evidence of interstitial lung disease (ILD) or pneumonitis or a prior history of ILD or pneumonitis requiring oral or IV glucocorticoids. History of radiation pneumonitis in the radiation field (fibrosis) is permitted
• Patients with active tuberculosis infection are excluded.
• Patients who have received a live vaccine within 30 days prior to cycle 1 Day 1.
• Uncontrolled illness including, but not limited to, ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia (significant), cirrhosis, or psychiatric illness/ social situations that would limit compliance with the study requirements.
• Known history of testing positive for immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or known acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
• Known history of chronic hepatitis B virus infection or chronic hepatitis C virus indicating chronic infection that is not cured.
• Subjects with previous malignancies (except non-melanoma skin cancers, and in situ cancers, such as, bladder, gastric, colon, cervical/ dysplasia, melanoma, or breast) are excluded unless a complete remission was achieved at least 2 years prior to study registration and no additional therapy is required or anticipated to be required during the study period.
• Leptomeningeal disease
• Uncontrolled tumor-related pain Patients requiring pain medication must be on a stable regimen at study entry. Symptomatic lesions amenable to palliative radiotherapy (e.g., bone metastases or metastases causing nerve impingement) should be treated prior to randomization. Patients should be recovered from the effects of radiation. There is no required minimum recovery period. Asymptomatic metastatic lesions whose further growth would likely cause functional deficits or intractable pain (e.g., epidural metastasis that is not currently associated with spinal cord compression) should be considered for locoregional therapy, if appropriate, prior to randomization.
• Uncontrolled pleural effusion, pericardial effusion, or ascites requiring recurrent drainage procedures (once monthly or more frequently). Patients with indwelling catheters (e.g., PleurX®) are allowed.
• Ca > 12 mg/dl or corrected serum calcium > ULN Patients who are receiving denosumab prior to randomization must be willing and eligible to receive a bisphosphonate instead while in the study
• Pregnant or breast feeding
• Prior allogeneic bone marrow transplantation or solid organ transplant
• Known hypersensitivity to Chinese hamster ovary cell products or any of the study drugs.
• Clear tumor infiltration into the thoracic great vessels is seen on imaging
• Clear cavitation of pulmonary lesions is seen on imaging
• Subjects with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung.
• Subjects with a lung tumor with a known ALK or ROS1 rearrangement or an EGFR mutation other than in exon 19 or exon 21.

• Patients must have biopsy-proven metastatic non-small cell lung cancer and eligible for receipt of immunotherapy Patients can present with either de novo metastatic disease or recurrent disease Patients must have at least one (1) symptomatic or progressive metastatic sites with no more than 10 metastatic sites, based on standard imaging studies Patients cannot have received any prior radiation therapy or surgery to the intended radiation treatment area (index lesion) Patients with brain metastases may be enrolled if all lesions are treated with radiation therapy or surgery prior to start of protocol therapy Metastases in major lower extremity weight-bearing bones or spine should undergo surgical stabilization if indicated Age greater than or equal to 18 years. Both men and women and members of all races and ethnic groups will be included Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance status 0 to 2 (Appendix A) Adequate normal organ and bone marrow function as defined by:
• Haemoglobin ≥9.0 g/dL
• Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1.0 × 109 /L
• Platelet count ≥75 × 109/L
• Serum bilirubin ≤1.5 x institutional upper limit of normal (ULN). This will not apply to patients with confirmed Gilbert's syndrome (persistent or recurrent hyperbilirubinemia that is predominantly unconjugated in the absence of hemolysis or hepatic pathology), who will be allowed only in consultation with their physician.
• AST (SGOT)/ALT (SGPT) ≤2.5X institutional upper limit of normal unless liver metastases are present, in which case it must be ≤5X ULN
• Measured creatinine clearance (CL) >40 mL/min or Calculated creatinine CL>40 mL/min by the Cockcroft-Gault formula (Cockcroft and Gault 1976) or by 24-hour urine collection for determination of creatinine clearance: Males: Creatinine CL (mL/min) = Weight (kg) x (140
•Age) 72 x serum creatinine (mg/dL) Females: Creatinine CL (mL/min) = Weight (kg) x (140
•Age) x 0.85 72 x serum creatinine (mg/dL) All men, as well as women of child-bearing potential must agree to use adequate contraception (hormonal or barrier method of birth control; abstinence) prior to study entry, for the duration of study participation, and for 90 days following completion of therapy. Should a woman become pregnant or suspect she is pregnant while participating in this study, she should inform her treating physician immediately. Medically accepted forms of birth control include male condoms plus spermicide, diaphragm, cervical cap, the placement of a Copper T intrauterine device (IUD), birth control pills, Levonorgesterel-releasing intrauterine system (IUS), hormone implants or injections, or combined pill, minipill patch, or a partner who has undergone a vasectomy (surgical sterility). A female of child-bearing potential is any woman (regardless of sexual orientation, having undergone a tubal ligation, or remaining celibate by choice) who meets the following criteria:
• Has not undergone a hysterectomy or bilateral oophorectomy; or
• Has not been naturally postmenopausal for at least 12 consecutive months (i.e., has had menses at any time in the preceding 12 consecutive months). Life expectancy greater than six (6) months Body weight greater than 30 kg Capable of giving signed informed consent which includes compliance with the requirements and restrictions listed in the informed consent form (ICF) and in this protocol. Written informed consent and any locally required authorization (e.g., Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act in the US, European Union [EU] Data Privacy Directive in the EU) obtained from the patient/legal representative prior to performing any protocol-related procedures, including screening evaluations. Patient is willing and able to comply with the protocol for the duration of the study including undergoing treatment and scheduled visits and examinations including follow up.
• Active or prior documented autoimmune or inflammatory disorders (including inflammatory bowel disease [e.g., colitis or Crohn's disease], diverticulitis [with the exception of diverticulosis], systemic lupus erythematosus, Sarcoidosis syndrome, or Wegener syndrome [granulomatosis with polyangiitis, Graves' disease, rheumatoid arthritis, hypophysitis, uveitis, etc]). The following are exceptions to this criterion:
• Patients with vitiligo or alopecia
• Patients with hypothyroidism (e.g., following Hashimoto syndrome) stable on hormone replacement
• Any chronic skin condition that does not require systemic therapy
• Patients without active disease in the last 5 years may be included but only after consultation with the study physician
• Patients with celiac disease controlled by diet alone Administration of two or more lines of systemic therapy for the diagnosis of metastatic lung cancer • Prior receipt of systemic therapy for the management of high-risk early stage or locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer, prior to the development of metastatic disease, would not count towards the number of receipt of systemic therapy Subjects may not be receiving any other investigational agents for the treatment of the cancer under study. Patients with untreated brain metastases Patients with progressive metastatic disease involving the skin or subcutaneous tissues, esophagus, stomach, intestines, or mesenteric lymph nodes that are felt to be too high risk to treat with radiation therapy to protocol dose. Patients cannot have pathologic fracture at the evaluated site Patients cannot have untreated spinal cord compression History of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to durvalumab or other agents used in study Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness/social situations that, in the opinion of the investigator, would limit compliance with study requirements Subjects must not be pregnant or nursing due to the potential for congenital abnormalities and the potential of this regimen to harm nursing infants Male or female patients of reproductive potential who are not willing to employ effective birth control from screening to 90 days after the last dose of durvalumab monotherapy Participation in another clinical study with an investigational product during the last 3 months Concurrent enrolment in another clinical study, unless it is an observational (non-interventional) clinical study or during the follow-up period of an interventional study Receipt of the last dose of anticancer therapy (chemotherapy, immunotherapy, endocrine therapy, targeted therapy, biologic therapy, tumor embolization, monoclonal antibodies) ≤7 days prior to the first dose of study drug If sufficient wash-out time has not occurred due to the schedule or PK properties of an agent, a longer wash-out period will be required, as agreed by AstraZeneca/MedImmune and the investigator Any unresolved toxicity NCI CTCAE Grade ≥2 from previous anticancer therapy with the exception of alopecia, vitiligo, and the laboratory values defined in the inclusion criteria:
• Patients with Grade ≥2 neuropathy will be evaluated on a case-by-case basis after consultation with the Study Physician.
• Patients with irreversible toxicity not reasonably expected to be exacerbated by treatment with durvalumab may be included only after consultation with the Study Physician. Any concurrent chemotherapy, immunotherapy, biologic, or hormonal therapy for cancer treatment. Concurrent use of hormonal therapy for non-cancer-related conditions (e.g., hormone replacement therapy) is acceptable. Major surgical procedure (as defined by the Investigator) within 28 days prior to the first dose of immunotherapy. Note: Local surgery of isolated lesions for palliative intent is acceptable History of allogenic organ transplantation History of another primary malignancy except for:
• Malignancy treated with curative intent and with no known active disease ≥5 years before the first dose of immunotherapy and of low potential risk for recurrence
• Adequately treated non-melanoma skin cancer or lentigo malignant without evidence of disease
• Adequately treated carcinoma in situ without evidence of disease History of leptomeningeal carcinomatosis History of active primary immunodeficiency Active infection including tuberculosis (clinical evaluation that includes clinical history, physical examination and radiographic findings, and TB testing in line with local practice), hepatitis B (known positive HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) result), hepatitis C. Patients with a past or resolved HBV infection (defined as the presence of hepatitis B core antibody [anti-HBc] and absence of HBsAg) are eligible. Patients positive for hepatitis C (HCV) antibody are eligible only if polymerase chain reaction is negative for HCV RNA Current or prior use of immunosuppressive medication within 14 days before the first dose of durvalumab. The following are exceptions to this criterion:
• Intranasal, inhaled, topical steroids, or local steroid injections (e.g., intra articular injection)
• Systemic corticosteroids at physiologic doses not to exceed 10 mg/day of prednisone or its equivalent
• Steroids as premedication for hypersensitivity reactions (e.g., CT scan premedication) Receipt of live attenuated vaccine within 30 days prior to the first dose of immunotherapy. Other forms of vaccines, such as mRNA, recombinant protein, and non-replicating vector-based vaccines, are permitted. Note: Patients, if enrolled, should not receive live vaccine whilst receiving immunotherapy and up to 30 days after the last dose of immunotherapy Receipt of any medications listed below: Patients on this study should not be on any targeted systemic therapies such as those directed at EGFR mutations, ALK or ROS1 gene rearrangements, BRAF V600E mutation, or NTRK gene fusions. Other anti-cancer treatments are also not allowed on the study and are listed below. Supportive medications may be given at any point during treatment at the discretion of the treating physician, such as anti-emetics, pain medications, anti-diarrheals, nutritional supplementations, and anti-depressants. Anti-oxidant medications in excess of daily recommended values are not allowed.
• Any investigational anticancer therapy other than those under investigation in this study should not be given concomitantly whilst the patient is on study treatment.
• mAbs against CTLA-4, PD-1, or PD-L1 other than those under investigation in this study should not be given concomitantly whilst the patient is on study treatment.
• Any concurrent chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, biologic, or hormonal therapy for cancer treatment other than those under investigation in this study should not be given concomitantly whilst the patient is on study treatment. (Concurrent use of hormones for non-cancer-related conditions [e.g., insulin for diabetes and hormone replacement therapy] is acceptable. Local treatment of isolated lesions, excluding target lesions, for palliative intent is acceptable [e.g., by local surgery or radiotherapy])
• Immunosuppressive medications including, but not limited to, systemic corticosteroids at doses exceeding 10 mg/day of prednisone or equivalent, methotrexate, azathioprine, and tumor necrosis factor-α blockers should not be given concomitantly, or used for premedication prior to the IO infusions. The following are allowed exceptions:
• Use of immunosuppressive medications for the management of IP-related AEs,
• Use in patients with contrast allergies.
• In addition, use of inhaled, topical, and intranasal corticosteroids is permitted. A temporary period of steroids will be allowed if clinically indicated and considered to be essential for the management of non-immunotherapy related events experienced by the patient (e.g., chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, radiation, nausea, etc.).
• EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) should not be given concomitantly, and should be used with caution in the 90 days post last dose of durvalumab.
• Live attenuated vaccines should not be given through 30 days after the last dose of IP (including SoC)
• Herbal and natural remedies which may have immune-modulating effects should not be given concomitantly unless agreed by the sponsor

• Be male at any age.
• Be scheduled to undergo surgery, chemotherapy, drug treatment and/or radiation for the treatment or prevention of a medical condition or malignancy with risk of causing permanent and complete loss of subsequent testicular function.
• Or, have a medical condition or malignancy that requires removal of all or part of one or both testicles.
• Have newly diagnosed or recurrent disease. Those who were not enrolled at the time of initial diagnosis (i.e., patients with recurrent disease) are eligible if they have not previously received therapy that is viewed as likely to result in complete and permanent loss of testicular function.
• Have two testicles if undergoing elective removal of all or part of a testicle for fertility preservation only. Note: removal of both testicles will limit fertility preservation options.
• Sign an approved informed consent and authorization permitting the release of personal health information. The patient and/or the patient's legally authorized guardian must acknowledge in writing that consent for specimen collection has been obtained, in accordance with institutional policies approved by the U.S. Department of Health and
• Consent for serum screening tests for infectious diseases [HIV-1, HIV-2, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C], to be performed at the time of testicular tissue harvesting.
• Undergo a full history and physical examination and obtain standard pre-operative clearance (based on the most recent ACC/AHA Guideline for Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation for Noncardiac Surgery) as determined by their primary surgeon.
• Participating in long term follow-up is a requirement of the protocol.
• Diagnosed with psychological, psychiatric, or other conditions which prevent giving fully informed consent.
• Diagnosed with an underlying medical condition that significantly increases their risk of complications from anesthesia and surgery.

• Males or females age > 120 days and < 22 years at any participating site
• Have at least one of the following conditions associated with a known high incidence of IMI: hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), aplastic anemia, or hematologic malignancy
• New (last 96 hours) radiographic evidence of at least one of the following: at least one nodular lesion greater than or equal to 5 mm in size, a cavitary lesion, a lesion with a halo sign, a lesion with a reverse halo sign, or a lesion with an air crescent sign
• Prolonged neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count < 500 cells/µl for a period of ≥ 5 consecutive days) in 30 days prior to qualifying chest MRI or CT scan date OR currently receiving systemic therapy for acute or chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) on the date of the qualifying chest MRI or CT scan
• Subject consent or parental/guardian permission (informed consent) and if appropriate, child assent
• Weight <3 kg, so as to not exceed 3 ml/kg in a single blood draw
• Previous inclusion in this study

1. Written informed consent obtained from subject or subject's legal representative 2. Be willing and able to adhere to the study visit schedule and other protocol requirements 3. Greater than or equal to 18 years of age at Visit 1 4. Documentation of a CF diagnosis as evidenced by one or more clinical features consistent with the CF phenotype and one or more of the following criteria:
• Sweat chloride ≥ 60 milliequivalent (mEq)/liter by quantitative pilocarpine iontophoresis test (QPIT)
• Two well-characterized mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene
• Abnormal nasal potential difference (NPD) (change in NPD in response to a low chloride solution and isoproteronol of less than -5 mV) 5. Documentation of NTM culture positive defined as follows:
• Two positive NTM culture results from sputum (or BAL) at least 28 days apart (these are the two qualifying positive cultures)
• Both qualifying positive culture results include M. avium complex, M. abscessus complex, or both M. avium and M. abscessus
• Both qualifying positive culture results include the same species or subspecies
• No cultures negative for NTM since the first of the two qualifying positive culture results 6. Current NTM species or subspecies has never been treated or previous treatment was associated with clearance of NTM and completed > 2 years prior to Day 1 7. Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) ≥ 25 % of predicted value at Screening 8. Able to expectorate sputum 9. Clinically stable with no significant changes in health status within 7 days prior to Day 1 10. Enrolled in the CFF Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Patient Registry (CFFPR) 11. Willing to discontinue chronic azithromycin use for the duration of the study 1. Any of the following abnormal lab values at screening:
• Hemoglobin <10g/dL
• Platelets <100,000/mm3
• White blood cells (WBC) < 4,500/mm3
• Aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), or alkaline phosphatase (ALP) ≥3 x upper limit of normal
• Serum creatinine > 2.0 mg/dl and ≥1.5 x upper limit of normal
• Ionized calcium ≤ lower limit of normal (only performed if total calcium is ≤ lower limit of normal) 2. History of solid organ or hematological transplantation 3. Use of bisphosphonates within 7 days prior to Day 1 4. Known sensitivity to gallium 5. Use of any investigational drug and/or participated in any interventional clinical trial within 28 days prior to Day 1 6. In the opinion of the Investigator, features of active NTM disease are present (e.g., clinical worsening is likely due to NTM disease despite definitive treatment of co-pathogens and/or acute exacerbations) 7. Undergoing treatment for NTM disease or anticipate beginning treatment within 3 months 8. Current diagnosis of osteoporosis 9. For people of childbearing potential:
• Positive pregnancy test at Visit 1 or
• Lactating or
• Unwilling to practice a medically acceptable form of contraception (acceptable forms of contraception: abstinence, hormonal birth control, intrauterine device, or barrier method plus a spermicidal agent), unless surgically sterilized or postmenopausal during the study 10. For people able to father a child: unwilling to use adequate contraception (as determined by the investigator) during the study 11. Has any other condition that, in the opinion of the Site Investigator/designee, would preclude informed consent or assent, make study participation unsafe, complicate interpretation of study outcome data, or otherwise interfere with achieving the study objectives 12. New initiation of chronic therapy (greater than 21 days) within 28 days prior to the Enrollment Visit

• ≥ 40 years of age
• Diagnosed with IPF according to 2018 ATS/ERS/JRS/ALAT, confirmed by enrolling investigator
• Signed informed consent
• If taking pirfenidone or nintedanib, must be on stable dose for at least 6 weeks prior to enrollment visit
• Confirmed rs3570920 TT TOLLIP genotype
• Pregnancy or planning to become pregnant
• Women of childbearing potential not willing to remain abstinent (refrain from heterosexual intercourse) or use two adequate methods of contraception, including at least one method with a failure rate of <1% per year during study participation
• Significant medical, surgical or psychiatric illness that in the opinion of the investigator would affect subject safety, including liver and renal failure
• Receipt of an investigational drug or biological agent within the previous 4 weeks of the screening visit or 5 times the half-life, if longer
• Supplemental or prescribed NAC therapy within 60 days of enrollment
• Listed for lung transplantation at the time of screening
• History of lung cancer
• Inability to perform spirometry
• Forced vital capacity (FVC) less than 45% predicted, using the global lung function index (GLI) equation at Visit 1
• Active respiratory infection requiring treatment with antibiotics within 4 weeks of Visit 1

• Participants must be at least 18 years of age or older.
• Participants must have a histologically or cytologically confirmed diagnosis of locally advanced or metastatic solid tumor(s).
• Participants must have tested positive for a pathogenic or likely pathogenic tPALB2 gene mutation using a CLIA-certified laboratory as described in the Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) Laboratory Manual.
• Participants who have stable and asymptomatic Central Nervous System (CNS) disease must be receiving a stable (for at least 7 days) or decreasing corticosteroid dose at the time of study entry.
• Participants must submit fresh or archived (collected within 24 months of enrollment) Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) tumor sample to the central laboratory for post-enrollment confirmation of tPALB2 status.
• Participants must have received all standard therapies appropriate for their tumor type and stage of disease or, in the opinion of the Investigator, the patient would be unlikely to tolerate or derive clinically meaningful benefit from appropriate standard of care therapy, or the participant has no satisfactory alternative treatments.
• Participants have other active concomitant malignancy that warrants systemic, biologic, or hormonal therapy.
• Participants who have ovarian or prostate cancer.
• Participants who have variants of undetermined significance (VUS), but not pathogenic variants of PALB2, at the time of screening.
• Participants who relapsed while receiving platinum based therapy in the adjuvant/curative setting.
• Participants progressing within 14-18 weeks while receiving platinum based therapy in the metastatic setting.
• Participants who have received Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor(s) in prior lines of treatment.
• Participants with leptomeningeal disease, carcinomatous meningitis, symptomatic brain metastases, or radiologic signs of CNS hemorrhage.
• Participants with germline or somatic BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations.
• Participant has systolic blood pressure (BP) over 140 mmHg or diastolic BP over 90 mmHg, despite optimal medical therapy.
• Participants have previously or are currently participating in a treatment study of an investigational agent within 3 weeks of the first dose of therapy preceding the study.
• Participants have received prior systemic cytotoxic chemotherapy, biological therapy, or hormonal therapy for cancer, or received radiation therapy within 3 weeks of the first dose therapy preceding the study.

• Age -- Age ≤ 30 years at time of initial qualifying solid tumor diagnosis
• Diagnosis -- Histologic diagnosis of solid malignancy (excluding brain tumors and lymphoma) that meets at least one of the following criteria:
• Refractory, defined as tumor progression after initiation of standard first line therapy without having achieved a prior partial or complete remission OR Biopsy proven residual disease at the completion of planned standard initial front-line therapy.
• Recurrent, defined as tumor progression after achieving a prior partial or complete remission
• Newly diagnosed high risk disease, defined as having an expected event free survival of < 50% at 2 years.
• Lacks definitive diagnosis or classical genomic findings after histologic review and standard molecular testing (rare tumor group).
• Examples include (eligibility not limited to these examples):
• Histology typically associated with a fusion in which fusion is not detected.
• Ewing-like sarcoma
• Undifferentiated sarcoma
• Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor without ALK fusion
• Infantile fibrosarcoma without NTRK fusion
• Specimen Samples
• Sufficient tumor specimen available to meet the minimum requirements for profiling from diagnosis or progression / recurrence --- OR
• Surgery / biopsy planned as part of clinical care that is anticipated to yield sufficient material to meet the minimum requirements for profiling; OR
• Patient has already had molecular profiling and patient has not yet started matched targeted therapy based on the report .
• No Therapy Planned -- Patients who have declined further anticancer therapy will be excluded.
• Performance Status -- Patients with Lansky (age < 16 years) or Karnofsky (age ≥16 years) score < 50 will be excluded.
• Life Expectancy -- Patients with anticipated life expectancy < 3 months will be excluded.

1. Male or female ≥ 2 and ≤ 45 years of age at the Screening Visit. 2. Documentation of a CF diagnosis as evidenced by one or more clinical features consistent with the CF phenotype and one or more of the following criteria: 1. sweat chloride ≥ 60 milliequivalents/liter by quantitative pilocarpine iontophoresis test (QPIT) 2. two well-characterized mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductive regulator (CFTR) gene 3. abnormal nasal potential difference(NPD) (change in NPD in response to a low chloride solution and isoproteronol of less than -5 mV) 3. First OR early MRSA colonization defined as: 1. First MRSA colonization: first documented isolation of MRSA from respiratory tract occurred ≤ 6 months prior to screening 2. Early MRSA colonization: MRSA was previously isolated from the respiratory tract ≤ 2 times over the past 3.5 years, but this was followed by at least 1 year of documented negative cultures for MRSA 4. MRSA is available to the central laboratory
•either the incident MRSA isolate from the clinic visit or the subject is MRSA positive at the screening visit 5. Clinically stable with no significant changes in health status within the 14 days prior to screening 6. Written informed consent (and assent when applicable) obtained from subject or subject's legal representative and ability for subject to comply with the requirements of the study 1. Received antibiotics with activity against MRSA within 28 days prior to screening 2. Use of an investigational agent within 28 days prior to screening 3. For subjects ≥ 6 years of age: FEV1 at screening < 25% of predicted for age based on the Wang (males < 18 years, females < 16 years) or Hankinson (males ≥ 18 years, females ≥ 16 years) standardized equations 4. MRSA from the screening culture or the most recent clinical care visit within 6 months prior to screening resistant to TMP/SMX 5. History of intolerance to topical chlorhexidine or mupirocin 6. History of intolerance to both TMP/SMX and minocycline 7. < 8 years of age and allergic or intolerant to TMP/SMX 8. ≥ 8 years of age and allergic or intolerant to TMP/SMX and MRSA isolate (from screening or clinical care visit)is resistant to minocycline 9. For females of child bearing potential: pregnant, breastfeeding, or unwilling to use barrier contraception through Day 42 of the study 10. Subjects with history of abnormal renal function will need screening labs showing normal function Abnormal renal function is defined as estimated creatinine clearance <50 mL/min using the: 1. Bedside Schwartz Equation for subjects <18 years of age, and 2. Levey Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) Equation for subjects ≥ 18 years of age. 11. Subjects with a history of abnormal liver function will need to have screening labs showing normal transaminases. Liver dysfunction is defined as ≥3x upper limit of normal (ULN), of serum aspartate transaminase (AST) or serum alanine transaminase (ALT) or abnormal synthetic function 12. History of solid organ or hematological transplantation 13. Presence of a condition or abnormality that in the opinion of the Investigator would compromise the safety of the patient or the quality of the data.

1. At least 18 years of age. 2. Evidence of a personally signed and dated informed consent form indicating that the subject has been informed of all pertinent aspects of the study prior to initiation of any study-related procedures. 3. Subjects who are willing and able to comply with scheduled visits, treatment plan, laboratory tests, and other study procedures 4. Primary diagnosis of symptomatic PAH. 5. Has had a right heart catheterization (RHC) performed at or within 3 years prior to Screening (RHC will be performed during Screening if not available) that is consistent with the diagnosis of PAH. 6. Has WHO/ NYHA functional class II to IV symptoms. 7. If on PAH-specific background oral therapy, subject is on stable therapy with either an endothelin receptor antagonist (ERA) and/or a phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (PDE5-I) or a soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) stimulator. Subjects may be naïve to PAH-specific treatment. 8. Has a 6MWD of ≥150 meters. 9. If taking concomitant medications that may affect the clinical manifestations of PAH (eg, calcium channel blockers, diuretics, digoxin, or L arginine supplementation, beta blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, or angiotensin II receptor blockers), must be on a stable dose for at least 30 days prior to the Baseline Visit and the dosage maintained throughout the study. The exception is that the dose of diuretics must be stable for at least the 10 days prior to Baseline. 10. Both male and female subjects agree to use a highly effective method of birth control throughout the entire study period from informed consent through to the 30-Day Follow-up Visit, if the possibility of conception exists. Eligible male and female subjects must also agree not to participate in a conception process during the study and for 30 days after the last dose of IMP. Eligible male subjects must agree not to participate in sperm donation for 90 days after the last dose of IMP. 1. For subjects with known HIV-associated PAH, a cluster designation 4 (CD4+) T-cell count <200/mm3 within 90 days of Baseline. 2. Must not have 3 or more left ventricular dysfunction risk factors as defined in the study protocol. 3. Has evidence of more than mild lung disease on pulmonary function tests performed within 180 days prior to, or during Screening. 4. Has evidence of thromboembolic disease as determined by a V/Q lung scan or local standard of care diagnostic evaluation at or after diagnosis of PAH. 5. Current diagnosis of ongoing and clinically significant sleep apnea as defined by the Investigator. 6. Male subjects with a corrected QT interval using Fridericia's formula (QTcF) >450 msec and female subjects with a QTcF >470 msec on ECG recorded at Screening and analyzed by the central ECG laboratory. Subjects with evidence of intraventricular conduction delay, defined as a QRS interval greater than 110 msec, will be excluded if the QTcF is >500 msec for both males and females. 7. Severe chronic liver disease (ie, Child-Pugh Class C), portal hypertension, cirrhosis or complications of cirrhosis/portal hypertension (eg, history of variceal hemorrhage, encephalopathy). 8. Confirmed active infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV). 9. Subjects with alanine aminotransferase or aspartate aminotransferase ≥3 times the upper limit of normal (ULN) or total bilirubin ≥2 × ULN at Screening. 10. Chronic renal insufficiency as defined by serum creatinine >2.5 mg/dL or requiring dialysis at Screening. 11. Hemoglobin concentration <9 g/dL at Screening. 12. Subjects treated with an IV or SC prostacyclin pathway agent (eg, epoprostenol, treprostinil, or iloprost) for PAH at any time prior to Baseline (use in vasoreactive testing is permitted). 13. Subjects currently on or who were treated with an inhaled or oral prostacyclin pathway agent (iloprost, treprostinil, beraprost, or selexipag) within 90 days prior to Baseline. 14. Subject has pulmonary veno-occlusive disease. 15. Malignancy diagnosed and/or treated within 5 years prior to Screening, with the exception of localized non-metastatic basal cell or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin or in-situ carcinoma of the cervix excised with curative intent. 16. Subject tests positive for amphetamine, cocaine, methamphetamine, methylenedioxymethamphetamine or phencyclidine in urine drug screen performed at Screening, or has a recent history (6 months) of alcohol or drug abuse. A subject will not be excluded due to a positive drug screen caused by prescribed medications. 17. Initiation or discontinuation of a cardio-pulmonary rehabilitation program based upon exercise within 90 days prior to Screening and/or planned during study participation. 18. Prior participation in any study of ralinepag or participation in another interventional clinical study with medicinal products within 30 days prior to Screening. Concurrent participation in registry or observational studies is allowed, as long as the subject can fulfill all other entry criteria and comply with all study procedures. 19. Any reason that, in the opinion of the Investigator or Medical Monitor, precludes the subject from participating in the study (eg, any previous or intercurrent medical condition) that may increase the risk associated with study participation or that would confound study analysis or impair study participation or cooperation. 20. Known hypersensitivity to ralinepag or any of the excipients. 21. Life expectancy <12 months based on the Investigator's opinion. 22. Women who are pregnant, lactating or breast-feeding.

• Patients must have histologically or cytologically confirmed stage IV non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (includes M1a, M1b, and M1c stage disease, American Joint Committee on Cancer [AJCC] 8th edition). Patients with stage IIIB and IIIC disease are eligible if they are not candidates for combined chemotherapy and radiation
• Patients must have PD-L1 expression Tumor Proportion Score (TPS) >= 1% in tumor cells. If PD-L1 expression TPS is unevaluable or the testing could not be completed, the patients are not eligible. The assay must have been performed by a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act (CLIA) (or equivalent) certified laboratory
• Patients must have measurable or non-measurable disease. The presence of malignant pleural fluid alone is sufficient to satisfy this eligibility criterion. Baseline imaging assessments and measurements used to evaluate all measurable or non-measurable sites of disease must be done within 4 weeks prior to study registration
• NOTE: If patient receives pemetrexed, follow institutional guidelines to drain fluids
• Patients must be >= 18 years of age
• Patients must have an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 to 1
• Patients with treated brain metastases are eligible if follow-up brain imaging after central nervous system (CNS)-directed therapy shows no evidence of progression. CNS progression counts as progression and patients must move on to the next phase after CNS treatment. Patients with asymptomatic new (at screening) or progressive brain metastases (active brain metastases at screening) or leptomeningeal disease are eligible if the treating physician determines that immediate CNS specific treatment is not required and is unlikely to be required during the first cycle of therapy
• Patients are eligible if off steroids for at least 14 days prior to protocol treatment
• Palliative radiation to non-target lesions (bone metastasis) is allowed if patient develops symptoms
• Anticonvulsants are allowed
• Patients with asymptomatic, sub-centimeter brain metastasis who at the discretion of investigators do not need immediate CNS directed therapies are eligible
• Patients with prior or concurrent malignancy whose natural history or treatment does not have the potential to interfere with the safety or efficacy assessment of the investigational regimen are eligible for this trial
• Patients with known history or current symptoms of cardiac disease, or history of treatment with cardiotoxic agents, should have a clinical risk assessment of cardiac function using the New York Heart Association Functional Classification. To be eligible for this trial, patients should be class 2B or better
• Women of childbearing potential and sexually active males must use an accepted and effective method of contraception or abstain from sexual intercourse from time of registration, while on study treatment, and continue for 120 days after the last dose of study treatment
• Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >= 1500/mm^3 (within 14 days of randomization)
• Platelets >= 100,000/mm^3 (within 14 days of randomization)
• Prothrombin time (PT)/international normalized ratio (INR) =< 1.5 Or if patient on therapeutic anticoagulation, PT/INR =< 3.0 (within 14 days of randomization)
• Partial thromboplastin time (PTT) =< institutional upper limit of normal (ULN) OR, if patient is on therapeutic anticoagulation, PTT must be =< 1.5 x ULN (within 14 days of randomization)
• Total bilirubin =< 1.5 mg/dL (obtained within 14 days of randomization)
• Serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) (aspartate aminotransferase [AST]) < 5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) (obtained within 14 days of randomization)
• Serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) (alanine aminotransferase [ALT]) < 5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) (obtained within 14 days of randomization)
• Calculated creatinine clearance >= 45 ml/min to be eligible to receive pemetrexed (obtained within 14 days prior to randomization)
• Serum creatinine =< 1.5 x institutional upper limit of normal (ULN) (obtained within 14 days prior to randomization)
• Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients on effective anti-retroviral therapy with undetectable viral load within 6 months are eligible for this trial
• For patients with evidence of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, the HBV viral load must be undetectable or on suppressive therapy, if indicated. Patients with a history of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection must have been treated and cured. For patients with HCV infection who are currently on treatment, they are eligible if they have an undetectable HCV viral load
• Patients must NOT have received the following:
• Prior systemic chemotherapy or immunotherapy for advanced metastatic NSCLC. Patients treated with any prior checkpoint inhibitors for metastatic lung cancer are ineligible. Chemotherapy for non-metastatic disease (e.g. adjuvant therapy) or immunotherapy for locally advanced Stage III disease is allowed if at least 6 months have elapsed between the last dose of the prior therapy and study registration. Local therapy, e.g. palliative radiation, is allowed as long as a period of 14 days has passed between completion of local therapy and study registration. Registration prior to treatment during the 14 days is allowed. Palliative radiation must be to non-target lesions
• Methotrexate (MTX) given in low doses for non-malignant conditions with last dose at least 14 days prior to date of registration will be allowed. Other low dose chemotherapeutics for non-malignant conditions will be considered, but review by the study chair is required
• Patients with known EGFR mutations (except exon 20 insertion), BRAF mutations (V600) or ALK or ROS1 translocations that can be treated with oral tyrosine kinase inhibitors are excluded
• Patients must not have known pre-existing and clinically active interstitial lung disease, or a known history of (non infectious) pneumonitis that required steroids, or current pneumonitis
• Patients must not have significant gastrointestinal disorders with diarrhea as a major symptom (e.g. Crohn's disease, malabsorption, etc.)
• Patients must not have history of auto-immune condition requiring ongoing or intermittent systemic treatment in the past 2 years (i.e. with use of disease modifying agents, corticosteroids or immunosuppressive drugs). Replacement therapy (e.g., thyroxine, insulin, or physiologic corticosteroid replacement therapy for adrenal or pituitary insufficiency, etc.) is not considered a form of systemic treatment
• Patients must not have any other concomitant serious illness or organ system dysfunction that in the opinion of the investigator would either compromise patient safety or interfere with the evaluation of the safety of the study drug
• Patients must not receive any other investigational agents during the course of therapy
• Women must not be pregnant or breast-feeding due to potential harm to the fetus or infant from cytotoxic chemotherapy and the unknown risk of MK-3475 (pembrolizumab). Patients must also not expect to conceive or father children from the time of registration, while on study treatment, and until at least 120 days after the last dose of study treatment
• All females of childbearing potential must have a blood test or urine study within 72 hours prior to registration to rule out pregnancy
• A female of childbearing potential is any woman, regardless of sexual orientation or whether they have undergone tubal ligation, who meets the following criteria: has achieved menarche at some point; has not undergone a hysterectomy or bilateral oophorectomy; or has not been naturally postmenopausal (amenorrhea following cancer therapy does not rule out childbearing potential) for at least 24 consecutive months (i.e., has had menses at any time in the preceding 24 consecutive months)
• Patients must not have a known history of active tuberculosis (TB)
• Patients must not have a diagnosis of immunodeficiency or receive systemic steroid therapy or any other form of immunosuppressive therapy within 7 days prior to the first dose of protocol treatment
• Patients must not have received a live vaccine within 30 days prior to randomization. Seasonal flu vaccines that do not contain live virus are permitted

Inclusion criteria: Intubated and mechanically ventilated with moderate-severe PARDS for <48 hours per PALICC guidelines (chest imaging consistent with acute pulmonary parenchymal disease and OI ≥12 or OSI ≥10). We require two blood gases meeting moderate-severe PARDS criteria (separated by at least 4 ± 2 hours during which time the clinical team is actively working to recruit lung volume and optimize the patient's hemodynamic status per PALICC guidelines; specifically, incremental and decremental PEEP changes to optimize lung volume). A second blood gas is not required for OI ≥16. Exclusion criteria:
• Perinatal related lung disease
• Congenital diaphragmatic hernia or congenital/acquired diaphragm paralysis
• Respiratory failure explained by cardiac failure or fluid overload
• Cyanotic heart disease
• Cardiomyopathy
• Unilateral lung disease
• Primary pulmonary hypertension
• Intubated for status asthmaticus
• Obstructive airway disease (e.g., Severe airways disease without parenchymal involvement or disease characterized by hypercapnia with FiO2 <0.30 and/or evidence of increased resistance visible on the flow
•time scalar and/or presence of intrinsic PEEP)
• Active air leak
• Bronchiolitis obliterans
• Post hematopoietic stem cell transplant; specifically, patients receiving continuous supplemental oxygen for three or more days prior to intubation; receiving noninvasive ventilation for more than 24 hours prior to intubation; receiving more than one vasoactive medication at time of meeting inclusion criteria; spending more than four days in the PICU prior to intubation; supported on or with immediate plans for renal replacement therapies; with two or more allogeneic transplants; who relapsed after the transplant; or with diffuse alveolar hemorrhage
• Post lung transplant
• Home ventilator (including noninvasive) or home oxygen dependent (exception: night-time noninvasive ventilation (CPAP/BiPAP) or oxygen for obstructive sleep apnea is permitted)
• Neuromuscular respiratory failure
• Critical airway (e.g., post laryngotracheal surgery or new tracheostomy) or anatomical obstruction of the lower airway (e.g., mediastinal mass)
• Facial surgery or trauma in previous 2 weeks
• Head trauma (managed with hyperventilation)
• Intracranial bleeding
• Unstable spine, femur or pelvic fractures
• Acute abdominal process/open abdomen
• Morbid obesity (2w-24 months: WHO weight-for-length/height z-score ≥+3; ≥2 years: WHO body mass index (BMI)-for-age z-score ≥+3)
• Currently receiving either prone positioning or any high-frequency mode of MV with current illness (Up to 4 hours of prone positioning and/or any mode of high-frequency mode of MV is allowed as long as the therapies are off for least 4 hours prior to the subject meeting oxygenation criteria.)
• Supported on ECMO during the current admission
• Family/medical team not providing full support (patient treatment considered futile)
• Previously enrolled in current study
• Enrolled in any other interventional clinical trial not approved for co-enrollment
• Known pregnancy

• World health organization functional class (WHO FC) II or III. Enrollment will be stratified by WHO FC II or III. Proportion of participants with WHO FC II and WHO FC III are expected to be approximately 40 percent (%) and 60%, respectively
• Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) etiology belonging to one of the following groups according to 6th world symposium of pulmonary hypertension (WSPH) classification: a) Idiopathic PAH, b) Heritable PAH, c) Drugs or toxins induced d) PAH associated with connective tissue disease, e) PAH associated with congenital heart disease, with simple systemic-to-pulmonary shunt at least 1 year after surgical repair
• Patients already receiving PAH-specific oral mono or dual therapy (that is, phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors [PDE-5i] or soluble guanylate cyclase stimulators [sGCs] and/or endothelin receptor antagonist [ERA]) or patients who are not candidates for these therapies
• N-terminal-pro-hormone brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) greater than or equal to (>=) 300 nanograms per liter (ng/L) (greater than or equal to [>=] 300 picograms per milliliter [pg/mL]; >=35.5 picomoles per liter [pmol/L]) at screening
• Women of childbearing potential must meet the following criteria: a) Have a negative serum pregnancy test during screening and a negative urine pregnancy test on Day 1, b) Agree to use acceptable methods of contraception from Day 1 to at least 30 days after study intervention discontinuation, c) If only using hormonal contraception, have used it for at least 1 month (30 days) before Day 1, and d) Agree to perform monthly pregnancy tests to at least 30 days after study intervention discontinuation
• 6-minute walking distance (6MWD) >=150 meter (m) during screening period
• Prior use of Prostacyclin (IP)-receptor agonist, prostacyclin, or prostacyclin analog. Use of such treatments for vasoreactivity testing is not exclusionary; intermittent use of such treatments for digital ulcers or Raynaud's phenomenon is not exclusionary if stopped > 6 months (180 days) prior to Day 1
• Treatment with strong inhibitors of CYP2C8 (example, gemfibrozil) within 4 weeks (28 days) prior to Day 1
• Treatment with another investigational drug planned or taken within 12 weeks (84 days) prior to Day 1
• Severe coronary heart disease or unstable angina
• Cerebrovascular events (example, transient ischemic attack, stroke) within 3 months (90 days) prior to Day 1

Key
• Histologically confirmed NSCLC that is at advanced stage. Advanced is defined as unresectable or metastatic disease. Patients must have exhausted all approved available therapies appropriate for the patient.
• Has available archival tumor tissue, unless discussed with the medical monitor.
• Willing to provide tumor tissue from newly obtained biopsy. Newly obtained biopsies at screening are required unless medically contra-indicated and discussed with the medical monitor. For patients in expansion cohorts, biopsies should be taken from tumor site which has not been irradiated previously and is not the only measurable target lesion.
• Previously documented presence of MET alterations: either MET-exon14 gene mutation and/or MET gene amplification, and/or elevated MET protein expression, as defined in the protocol. Key
• Has received treatment with an approved systemic therapy or has participated in any study of an investigational agent or investigational device within 2 weeks or 5 half-lives of the prior treatment whichever is shorter with a minimum of 7 days from the first dose of study therapy
• Has not yet recovered (i.e. grade ≤1 or baseline) from any acute toxicities resulting from prior therapy except as described in the protocol
• Has received radiation therapy or major surgery within 14 days of first administration of study drug or has not recovered (i.e. grade ≤1 or baseline) from AEs, except for laboratory changes as described in the protocol and patients with grade ≤2 neuropathy
• For expansion cohorts only: prior treatment with MET-targeted biologic therapy (function-blocking antibodies or ADCs)
• For expansion cohorts only (except cohort 1A) prior treatment with any MET-targeted agent including small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors eg, crizotinib, capmatinib, tepotinib, as defined in the protocol
• Untreated or active primary brain tumor, CNS metastases, leptomeningeal disease or spinal cord compression as defined in the protocol Note: Other protocol defined Inclusion/Exclusion criteria apply.

• REGISTRATION STEP 1: Participants must have pathologic (cytological or histological) proof of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
• REGISTRATION STEP 1: Participants must have stage III NSCLC with Zubrod performance status of 2 or stage II NSCLC with Zubrod performance status of 0-2
• REGISTRATION STEP 1: Participants must not be candidates for surgical resection in the opinion of the treating investigator. Participants whose disease was previously resected must have experienced local or regional recurrence at least 12 months after resection
• REGISTRATION STEP 1: Participants must not be candidates for concurrent chemoradiation in the opinion of the treating investigator
• REGISTRATION STEP 1: Participants must have measurable or non-measurable disease documented by computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Measurable disease must be assessed within 28 days prior to Registration Step 1. Non-measurable disease must be assessed within 42 days prior to Step 1 registration. The CT from a combined positron emission tomography (PET)/CT may be used only if it is of diagnostic quality. All known sites of disease must be assessed and documented on the Baseline Tumor Assessment Form (RECIST 1.1)
• REGISTRATION STEP 1: Participants must have an MRI or CT scan of the brain with contrast within 28 days prior to Registration Step 1
• REGISTRATION STEP 1: Participants' disease must fit within the radiation constraints in the opinion of a local radiation oncologist
• REGISTRATION STEP 1: Participants may have received prior treatment for their lung cancer, including surgery, chemotherapy, targeted agents, and/or radiation treatment. At least 12 months must have elapsed since last treatment
• REGISTRATION STEP 1: Participants may have had prior radiation therapy as long as the irradiated area does not overlap with the radiation field targeted for this study
• REGISTRATION STEP 1: Participants must have recovered from any adverse effects of prior major surgery to the satisfaction of the treating physician. Biopsies and central IV access placement are not considered major surgery
• REGISTRATION STEP 1: Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >= 1500/mcl (obtained within 28 days prior to Registration Step 1)
• REGISTRATION STEP 1: Platelet count >= 100,000/mcl (obtained within 28 days prior to Registration Step 1)
• REGISTRATION STEP 1: Hemoglobin >= 9 grams/dL (obtained within 28 days prior to Registration Step 1)
• REGISTRATION STEP 1: Total bilirubin =< 1.5 x institutional upper limit of normal (IULN) (obtained within 28 days prior to Registration Step 1)
• REGISTRATION STEP 1: Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) =< 2.5 x IULN (obtained within 28 days prior to Registration Step 1)
• REGISTRATION STEP 1: Serum creatinine =< 1.5 x IULN OR measured or calculated creatinine clearance >= 40 mL/min (obtained within 28 days prior to Registration Step 1)
• REGISTRATION STEP 1: Participants must have percent predicted diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO) of at least 50% documented within 90 days prior to Registration Step 1
• REGISTRATION STEP 1: Patient must not have had a prior history of interstitial lung disease or > grade 2 (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events [CTCAE] version 5) pneumonitis
• REGISTRATION STEP 1: Participants must not have active autoimmune disease requiring therapy within the past 6 months
• REGISTRATION STEP 1: Participants must not have an active infection requiring therapy
• REGISTRATION STEP 1: Participants must not be pregnant or nursing because atezolizumab has not been studied in pregnant or nursing women and the mechanism of action is expected to cause fetal harm. Women/men of reproductive potential must have agreed to use an effective contraceptive method while on protocol treatment and for five months after last dose of atezolizumab. A woman is considered to be of "reproductive potential" if she has had menses at any time in the preceding 12 consecutive months. In addition to routine contraceptive methods, "effective contraception" also includes heterosexual celibacy and surgery intended to prevent pregnancy (or with a side-effect of pregnancy prevention) defined as a hysterectomy, bilateral oophorectomy or bilateral tubal ligation. However, if at any point a previously celibate patient chooses to become heterosexually active during the time period for use of contraceptive measures outlined in the protocol, he/she is responsible for beginning contraceptive measures
• REGISTRATION STEP 1: Participants with known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection must be on effective anti-retroviral therapy and must have undetectable viral load at their most recent viral load test and within 6 months prior to Registration Step 1
• REGISTRATION STEP 1: Patient must be tested for hepatitis B within 28 days prior to Registration Step 1. Patient must not have active (chronic or acute) hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Patients may have past or resolved HBV infection. Active HBV is defined as having a positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) test. Past or resolved HBV is defined as having a negative HBsAG test and a positive total hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb) test
• REGISTRATION STEP 1: Patients must not have active hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Active HCV is defined as having a positive HCV antibody test followed by a positive HCV ribonucleic acid (RNA) test. Patient must have an HCV antibody test within 28 days prior to Registration Step 1. If the HCV antibody test is positive, the patient must also have an HCV quantitative RNA test within 28 days prior to Registration Step 1
• REGISTRATION STEP 1: No other prior malignancy is allowed except for the following: adequately treated basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer, in situ cervical cancer, adequately treated Stage I or II cancer from which the patient is currently in complete remission, or any other cancer from which the patient has been disease free for three years. Participants with localized prostate cancer who are being followed by an active surveillance program are also eligible
• REGISTRATION STEP 1: Participants must be offered optional participation in banking of specimens for future research
• REGISTRATION STEP 1: Participants must be informed of the investigational nature of this study and must sign and give written informed consent in accordance with institutional and federal guidelines
• REGISTRATION STEP 1: As a part of the Oncology Patient Enrollment Network (OPEN) registration process the treating institution's identity is provided in order to ensure that the current (within 365 days) date of institutional review board approval for this study has been entered in the system
• REGISTRATION STEP 2: Participants must be registered to Step 2 within 42 days after completion of radiation treatment. Participants must have received at least 44 Gy of radiation treatment
• REGISTRATION STEP 2: Participants must have no evidence of progression per RECIST 1.1 on CT scan of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis performed between 2 and 5 weeks after completion of radiation therapy
• REGISTRATION STEP 2: Any toxicities from radiation therapy must have resolved to < grade 2
• REGISTRATION STEP 2: Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >= 1500/mcl (obtained within 28 days prior to Registration Step 2)
• REGISTRATION STEP 2: Platelet count >= 100,000/mcl (obtained within 28 days prior to Registration Step 2)
• REGISTRATION STEP 2: Hemoglobin >= 9 grams/dL (obtained within 28 days prior to Registration Step 2)
• REGISTRATION STEP 2: Total bilirubin =< 1.5 x institutional upper limit of normal (IULN) (obtained within 28 days prior to Registration Step 2)
• REGISTRATION STEP 2: AST and ALT =< 2.5 x IULN (obtained within 28 days prior to Registration Step 2)
• REGISTRATION STEP 2: Serum creatinine =< 1.5 x IULN OR measured or calculated creatinine clearance >= 40 mL/min (obtained within 28 days prior to Registration Step 2)
• REGISTRATION STEP 2: Participants must not have received steroids in doses of more than prednisone 10 mg daily or equivalent within 14 days prior to Registration Step 2
• REGISTRATION STEP 2: Participants must not have received a live vaccine within 28 days prior to Registration Step 2

1. Male and female 18 years or older 2. Body Mass Index (BMI) >18kg/m2 to <=40kg/m2 3. Symptomatic PAH belonging to one of the following 2018 WHO Clinical Group 1 subtypes: a. Idiopathic PAH b. Heritable PAH c. Drug- or toxin-induced d. PAH associated with: 1. Connective tissue disease 2. Congenital systemic to pulmonary shunt (atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus) repaired at least one year prior to Screening 3. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection
•if diagnosed with HIV, must have stable disease status defined as follows: 1. stable treatment with HIV medications for at least 8 weeks prior to Screening 2. no active opportunistic infection during the Screening Period 3. no hospitalizations due to HIV for at least 4 weeks prior to Screening 4. WHO FC II or III 5. Confirmed diagnosis of PAH and meet all the following hemodynamic criteria by means of a screening RHC completed prior to randomization: 1. mPAP of >20 mmHg 2. PVR ≥ 350 dyne•sec/cm5 3. Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) or left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) of ≤ 12 mmHg if PVR ≥ 350 and < 500 dyne•sec/cm5, or PCWP/LVEDP ≤ 15 mmHg if PVR ≥ 500 dyne•sec/cm5 6. 6MWD of 100 to 550 meters at Screening 7. Currently on a stable treatment regimen with one or more treatments approved for PAH. Stable therapy is defined as receiving the same medication(s) for ≥ 12 weeks prior to the screening RHC and at a stable dose level for each for ≥ 8 weeks prior to the screening RHC (see Protocol Section 6.6.2 for approved PAH medications). Any instances where doses of a medication have been missed prior to RHC must be discussed with the Medical Monitor prior to performing the RHC. 8. Meet all of the following criteria determined by pulmonary function tests completed no more than 24 weeks prior to Screening (performed with or without bronchodilation): 1. Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) ≥ 60% of predicted normal, and 2. Total lung capacity (TLC) ≥ 70% of predicted normal or FVC ≥ 70% predicted if TLC is not available; For subjects with CTD associated PAH, if TLC is ≥ 60% of predicted but < 70% of predicted of if FVC ≥ 60% or predicted but < 70% of predicted, high resolution computed tomography [HRCT] obtained within 6 months of screening may be utilized to demonstrate limited interstitial lung disease 9. If participating in an exercise program for pulmonary rehabilitation, the program must have been initiated ≥ 12 weeks prior to Screening, and patient must agree to maintain the current level of rehabilitation for the first 24 weeks of receiving IP. If not participating in an exercise training program for pulmonary rehabilitation, patient must agree not to enroll in an exercise training program for pulmonary rehabilitation during the Screening Period and the first 24 weeks of receiving IP. 1. Women of childbearing potential who are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or lactating or female/male patients unwilling to use effective contraception 2. WHO pulmonary hypertension (PH) Group 1 PAH associated with portal hypertension or schistosomiasis; PH due to left heart disease (WHO PH Group 2), lung diseases and/or hypoxia (WHO PH Group 3), chronic thromboembolic PH (WHO PH Group 4), or PH with unclear multifactorial mechanisms (WHO PH Group 5) 3. PH associated with significant venous or capillary involvement (PCWP > 15 mmHg), pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis, portal hypertension, or unrepaired congenital heart defects (CHD) 4. Three or more of the following risk factors for left ventricular disease: 1. BMI > 30 kg/m2 2. Diagnosis of essential hypertension that is actively treated 3. Diabetes mellitus 4. History of significant coronary artery disease (e.g., chronic stable angina, history of coronary intervention within the last 3 months, or a stenosis > 70% at coronary angiography) 5. Atrial fibrillation 6. Left atrial volume index > 41 mL/m2 [or left atrial diameter (LA) > 4 cm if LAVi unavailable] 5. Known genetic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 6. Known cardiac sarcoidosis or amyloidosis 7. The patient has a history of, or currently has, a constrictive cardiomyopathy. 8. Known history of any left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 40% by echocardiogram within 3 years of randomization (Note: a transient decline in LVEF below 40% that occurred and recovered more than 6 months before the start of Screening and was associated with an acute intercurrent condition [e.g., atrial fibrillation] is allowed). 9. Hemodynamically significant valvular heart disease as determined by the Investigator, including: 1. greater than mild aortic and/or mitral stenosis and/or 2. severe mitral and/or aortic regurgitation (> Grade 3) 10. Severe arthritis, musculoskeletal problems, or morbid obesity that, in the opinion of the Investigator, is the cause of the patient's functional limitation and would affect the patient's ability to perform or complete the 6MWT.

• All post-lung transplant patients at UTSW Clements University Hospital starting June 1, 2021
• Post-lung transplant patients with chests left open directly after OR (before being taken back to the OR and having their chests closed)

• Men or women greater than or equal to 18 years old.
• Pathologically documented, locally-advanced or metastatic malignancy with, KRAS p.G12C mutation identified through molecular testing performed according to in-country requirements. In the United States, this test must be performed in a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA)-certified laboratory.
• Primary brain tumor.
• Spinal cord compression, or untreated, or symptomatic, or active brain metastases, or leptomeningeal disease from non-brain tumors.
• Myocardial infarction within 6 months of study day 1.
• Gastrointestinal (GI) tract disease causing the inability to take oral medication.

• Diagnosis of Down syndrome
• Age 10-21 years
• Prior adenotonsillectomy
• Severe OSA (AHI > 10, AHI < 50, no more than 25% AHI attributable to central events) based on prior in-lab PSG performed after adenotonsillectomy and within 18 months of enrollment
• Approval from at least two of the three physician reviewers based upon the results of a routine drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) having occurred within 12 months of enrollment
• Subjects must have either tracheotomy or be ineffectively treated with CPAP due to non-compliance, discomfort, un-desirable side effects, persistent symptoms despite compliance use, or refusal to use the device
• Children and their parents/guardians must be willing to have stimulation hardware permanently implanted, and be willing to participate in follow-up visits, postoperative PSG, and questionnaire completion
• Children's parents/guardians must complete a questionnaire confirming that their child is capable of communicating feelings of pain or discomfort. They must also confirm they are able to assess their child for adverse effects related to device implantation
• Children and their parents/guardians must be proficient in English
• Body mass index (BMI) above the 95th percentile for subject's age
• Circumferential airway collapse at the level of the velopharynx observed during DISE
• Other medical conditions resulting in medical instability (eg. congestive heart failure, recent open heart surgery, immunosuppression, or chronic lung disease or aspiration)
• Presence of another medical condition requiring future magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the chest
• Patients with another implantable device which could interact unintentionally with the Inspire system
• Any contraindication for general anesthesia
• History of bleeding or clotting disorders and those on blood thinning or NSAID medications for the week prior to implantation surgery. Subjects will be asked to refrain from the use of NSAIDS for two weeks after implantation or any revision surgeries
• Subject is currently taking muscle relaxant medication
• Life expectancy less than 12 months
• Subject's inability to communicate pain or discomfort to their caretaker/parent, based on parental or investigator assessment
• Nonverbal candidates will be excluded due to an inability to complete testing procedures including expressive language sampling
• Subjects with a co-occurring diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder
• Subjects that have a positive β-HCG
• Subjects deemed unfit for participation by the investigator for any other reason

• Patients must be < 50 years at the time of enrollment.
• Patient must have eligibility confirmed by rapid central imaging review.
• Patients must have =< 4 nodules per lung consistent with or suspicious for metastases, with at least one of which being >= 3 mm and all of which must be =< 3 cm size.
• Lung nodules must be considered resectable by either open thoracotomy or thoracoscopic surgery. Determination of resectability is made by the institutional surgeon.
• Patients must have a histological diagnosis of osteosarcoma.
• Patients must have evidence of metastatic lung disease at the time of initial diagnosis, or at time of 1st recurrence following completion of therapy for initially localized disease.
• Patients with newly diagnosed disease must have completed successful gross tumor resection for their primary tumor or surgical local control of primary tumor must be planned to be performed simultaneously with thoracic surgery.
• Newly diagnosed patients must be receiving systemic therapy considered by the treating physician as at least equivalent to methotrexate, doxorubicin and cisplatin (MAP) at the time of enrollment on this study.
• Patients at time of 1st recurrence must have previously completed initial systemic therapy for their primary tumor, considered by the treating physician as at least equivalent to MAP.
• Patients with unresectable primary tumor.
• Patients with pulmonary metastatic lesions that would require anatomic resection (lobectomy or pneumonectomy) or lesions that are defined as "central" (i.e., central lesion involves or is proximal to segmental bronchi and peripheral is lesion distal to segmental bronchi).
• Patients with pleural or mediastinal based metastatic lesions, or with pleural effusion.
• Patients with disease progression at either the primary or pulmonary metastatic site while on initial therapy. Note: Once the patient has been enrolled on the study, additional computed tomography (CT) scans are not anticipated prior to thoracic surgery. Note: Some variation in nodule size measurements over the course of pre-operative therapy is anticipated and does not qualify for exclusion unless deemed true disease progression by the primary treatment team.
• Patients with evidence of extrapulmonary metastatic disease.
• Patients who received pulmonary surgery for lung metastasis prior to enrollment.
• All patients and/or their parents or legal guardians must sign a written informed consent.
• All institutional, Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and National Cancer Institute (NCI) requirements for human studies must be met.

Inclusion Criteria (Phase 1 and 2 Stages) 1. Histologic or cytologic evidence of a malignant solid cancer (any histology) with advanced or metastatic disease and no available therapies known to confer clinical benefit. 2. Tumor tissue, or paraffin block, ideally from the patient's most recent biopsy. A fresh tumor biopsy will be obtained if archival samples are not available. 3. Measurable by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST), version 1.1. 4. At least 18 years old. 5. An Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of ≤ 1. 6. Adequate hematopoietic, kidney, and liver functions. 7. A left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥ 45%. 8. Women of childbearing potential (WOCBP) must not be pregnant or breastfeeding. A WOCBP must agree to follow contraceptive guidance during the treatment period and for at least 120 days after the last dose of study treatment. 9. Male subjects must agree to follow contraceptive guidance during the study period and for at least 120 days after the last dose of study treatment. 10. Patient must give informed written consent for the study. Inclusion Criteria for HMBD-002 Phase 2 Stage Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) 1. Histologic or cytologic evidence of TNBC that is advanced or metastatic. 2. Will be requested to undergo a tumor biopsy before treatment and after 6 weeks of treatment. 3. Must have received appropriate treatment with at least one prior regimen for TNBC and there are no available therapies known to confer clinical benefit. Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (Monotherapy and Combination) 1. Histologic or cytologic evidence of NSCLC that is advanced or metastatic. 2. Will be requested to undergo a tumor biopsy before treatment and after 6 weeks of treatment. 3. Absence of an activating mutation of the EGFR or ALK. 4. Must have received treatment with an approved therapy if there are other genomic aberrations for which targeted therapies are approved and available. 5. Must have had disease progression on at least one approved or comparable standard therapy for NSCLC. 6. Must have received appropriate prior treatment with a mAb to PD-1 or PD-L1. Multiple Other Cancers (Combination Therapy Baskets) 1. Histologic or cytologic evidence of an advanced or metastatic cancer aside from TNBC and NSCLC with no available therapies known to confer clinical benefit. 2. Will be requested to undergo a tumor biopsy before treatment and after 6 weeks of treatment. 3. Must have had appropriate treatment for their specific cancer and there is an absence of available therapy with a reasonable likelihood of conferring clinical benefit. Exclusion Criteria 1. If the patient received prior therapy with an anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 mAb or with an agent targeting stimulatory or co-inhibitory T-cell receptor and was discontinued from that treatment due to a Grade 3 or higher immune related adverse event. 2. Received radiotherapy within 2 weeks of treatment. 3. Received radiotherapy exceeding 30 Gray (Gy) to the lung within 6 months of the first dose of study medication. 4. Received an allogeneic tissue/solid organ transplant. 5. Received a live or live-attenuated vaccine within 30 days prior to the first dose of study medication. 6. Received a VISTA targeting agent. 7. The patient must have recovered from all AEs due to previous therapies to ≤Grade 1 or baseline. 8. The patient has an active autoimmune disease that required systemic treatment in the past. 9. Presence of an uncontrolled endocrine disorder. 10. Presence of clinically significant cardiovascular disease. 11. History of (non-infectious) pneumonitis or interstitial pulmonary disease that required steroids or has current pneumonitis or interstitial pulmonary disease. 12. Presence of uncontrolled, clinically significant pulmonary disease. 13. A previous a severe hypersensitivity reaction (≥ Grade 3) to pembrolizumab and/or any of its excipients. 14. A diagnosis of immunodeficiency or is receiving chronic systemic corticosteroids at a dose that exceeds 10 mg daily of prednisone equivalent or any other form of immunosuppressive therapy within 7 days prior the first dose of study drug. Inhaled or topical steroids are permitted in the absence of active autoimmune disease. 15. An uncontrolled intercurrent illness that would limit compliance with the study. 16. A positive status for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). 17. A known history of Hepatitis B (defined as HBsAg reactive) or known active Hepatitis C viral (defined as HCV RNA detected) infection. 18. Oxygen-dependence. 19. A medical condition which, in the opinion of the Investigator, places the patient at an unacceptably high risk for toxicity. 20. A positive COVID test within one week of study treatment if not fully vaccinated. 21. Another active malignancy that is progressing or has required active treatment within the past 3 years. 22. Known active central nervous system metastases and/or carcinomatous meningitis.

Key 1. 18 years and older 2. Confirmed diagnosis of cystic fibrosis (CF) and CF lung disease including:
• Bi-allelic mutations in the CFTR gene, and
• Ineligible for CFTR modulator therapy, or previously received modulator therapy but discontinued due to adverse effects. 3. Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) ≥50% and ≤100% of predicted (per Global Lung Function Initiative) at Screening 4. Resting oxygen saturation ≥ 92% on room air at Screening Key 1. Any prior gene therapy for any indication 2. History of positive culture for Burkholderia cenocepacia, B. dolosa, or Mycobacterium abscessus within the past 24 months 3. Active allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis requiring management with systemic corticosteroids or antifungal therapy 4. Contraindication to systemic corticosteroid therapy 5. Requires chronic use of systemic corticosteroids or immunosuppressants to treat another condition 6. If no known diagnosis of cystic fibrosis related diabetes (CFRD), Type I, or Type II diabetes: Hemoglobin A1C ≥6.5% at Screening 7. If known diagnosis of CFRD, Type I or Type II diabetes: Hemoglobin A1C >7.5% at Screening 8. Recent history of symptomatic hyperglycemia or unstable blood glucose levels as per Investigator's assessment 9. Other conditions that, in the Investigator's opinion, may interfere with management of corticosteroid-related hyperglycemia 10. Body Mass Index (BMI) <16 11. Laboratory abnormalities at screening:
• ALT, AST or GGT ≥ 3 × the upper limit of normal (ULN)
• Total bilirubin ≥ 2 × ULN
• Hemoglobin < 10 g/dL 12. Requirement for continuous or night-time oxygen supplementation 13. Known CF liver disease with evidence of cirrhosis 14. History of thrombosis (excluding catheter-related thrombosis) or conditions associated with increased risk of thrombosis