INCLUSION CRITERIA
• Medulloblastoma or medulloblastoma variants including posterior fossa PNET as documented by an institutional pathologist.
• Participant's age meets one of the following: (1) Age greater than or equal to 3 years and less than 22 years of age at the time of diagnosis (may enroll on Strata W, S or N), OR (2) age is greater than or equal to 22 years and less than 40 years AND patient has SHH medulloblastoma (must enroll on Stratum S).
• No previous radiotherapy, chemotherapy or other brain tumor directed therapy other than corticosteroid therapy and surgery.
• Patients must begin treatment as outlined in the protocol within 36 days of definitive surgery (day of surgery is day 0; definitive surgery includes second surgeries to resect residual tumor).
• Adequate performance status: children < 10-Lansky Score ≥ 30; children ≥ 10-Karnofsky ≥ 30 (except for posterior fossa syndrome).
• Females of child-bearing potential cannot be pregnant or breast-feeding. Female participants > 10 years of age or post-menarche must have a negative serum or urine pregnancy test prior to enrollment.
• Biological parent(s) of participant (child) enrolling on this protocol. These parents will be assigned to cohort P. The exclusion criteria below do not apply to this cohort. EXCLUSION CRITERIA
• CNS embryonal tumor other than medulloblastoma or PNET in the posterior fossa, for example, patients with diagnosis of Atypical Teratoid / Rhabdoid Tumor (ATRT), supratentorial PNET, pineoblastoma, ependymoblastoma, ETANTR are excluded.
• Research participants with other clinically significant medical disorders that could compromise their ability to tolerate protocol therapy or would interfere with the study procedures or results history. Participants in the Stratum S maintenance chemotherapy portion of the study must meet the criteria below prior to start of vismodegib therapy:
• Participants must be Stratum S (SHH)
• Participants must be skeletally mature defined as females with a bone age ≥ 15 years and males with a bone age ≥ 17 years.
• Must be able to swallow pills
• BSA must be >0.67 and <2.5 m2
• Male and female participants of reproductive potential must agree to effective contraception during and after study treatment. See Appendices I and II for further guidance for participants receiving vismodegib
• ANC ≥ 1000/mm^3 (after G-CSF discontinued)
• Platelets ≥ 50,000/mm^3 (without support)
• Hgb ≥ 8 g/dL (with or without transfusion support)
• Serum creatinine ≤ 1.5 mg/dL
• Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5X the institutional ULN
• SGPT (ALT) ≤ 2.5X the institutional ULN
• SGOT (AST) ≤ 2.5X the institutional ULN
• Alkaline Phosphatase ≤ 1.5X the institutional ULN
• Serum albumin ≥ 2.5 g/dL Participants in the exercise intervention portion of the study must meet all criteria below:
• Must be ≥ 5 years and < 22 years at the time of enrollment
• Must have no congenital heart disease
• Must be capable of performing the exercise intervention at the time of baseline assessment as determined by the treating physician. Participants in the cognitive remediation intervention portion of the study must meet all criteria below:
• Completed protocol-directed radiation therapy
• ≥5 years at the time of remediation intervention consent or age is greater than or equal to 22 years and less than 40 years and patient has SHH medulloblastoma
• English as primary language and training aide who speaks English available to participate in required sessions
• No significant cognitive impairment operationalized as either an IQ < 70 for children with St. Jude SJMB12 study baseline testing or based on clinician judgment baseline IQ missing
• No major sensory or motor impairment that would preclude valid cognitive testing (e.g., unresolved posterior fossa syndrome, blindness, poorly controlled seizures/photosensitive epilepsy, psychosis) or a major psychological condition that would preclude completion of the intervention (e.g., significant oppositionality, autism spectrum disorder, severe anxiety or depressive symptoms)

• Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA)
• Adult (age ≥18 years or per local interpretation)
• Non-traumatic etiology
• Initiation of ventilatory support (e.g., bag-valve-mask device, non-rebreather mas, etc.)
• Known pregnant women
• Known prisoners
• Major facial trauma (visible major deformity, copious oral bleeding, etc)
• Major bleeding or exsanguination (e.g., major upper or lower GI bleed, visceral perforation, major uncontrolled bleeding from laceration or injury)
• Patient receiving initial care by a non-PART participating EMS agency capable of performing ETI, LT, or other advanced airway management
• Patients with ET tube, LT or other advanced airway device inserted prior to participating EMS agency arrival (e.g., inserted by healthcare facility personnel)
• Patients with a pre-existing tracheostomy
• Obvious asphyxial cardiac arrest (e.g., choking, foreign body aspiration, angioedema, epiglottitis, trauma to mouth and face, etc.)
• Patients with a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) or total artificial heart (TAH)
• Patients with pre-existing written "do-not-attempt-resuscitation" (DNAR) orders
• Inter-facility transports
• Patients with a "do not enroll" bracelet

• Treated or untreated stage I hypertension
• Diabetes mellitus,
• Renal impairment (serum creatinine > 1.4 mg/dL),
• Any heart diseases such as congestive heart failure, sustained arrhythmia, or coronary heart disease,
• Chronic regular NSAID use,
• Allergy to thiazide diuretics,
• Gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) requiring treatment with acid reducing agents or antacid more than once a week,
• Esophageal-gastric ulcer or history of gastrointestinal bleeding,
• Chronic diarrhea, vomiting,
• Excessive sweating,
• Unprovoked hypokalemia (serum K < 3.5 mmol/L) or hyperkalemia (serum K > 5.3 mmol/L),
• Abnormal liver function test (Aspartate transaminase (AST) or Alanine transaminase (ALT) above upper limit of normal range),
• Subjects on any potassium supplement on a regular basis for any reason, such as patients with primary aldosteronism,
• Pregnancy,
• History of major depression, bipolar disorder, or schizophrenia,
• History of substance abuse,
• Gout,
• Metabolic alkalosis, with serum bicarbonate > 32 meq/L,
• Severe dietary salt restriction, less than1/2 spoonful or 50 meq sodium/day.
• Patient with Claustrophobia will not have MRI but can still participate in the study without MRI
• Metal implants will not have MRI but can still participate in the study without MRI

1. Signed and dated written informed consent prior to admission to the study; 2. Histologically or cytologically confirmed metastatic or locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the pancreas; 3. At least one measurable disease lesion according to Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST, version 1.1); 4. Age ≥ 18 years; 5. No more than one prior line of non-gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel containing systemic therapy for metastatic/locally advanced pancreatic cancer; 6. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Score of 0-1; 7. Women of childbearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test (urine or serum) within 14 days prior to registration; (Note: contraception in patients with reproductive capacity will be considered to be of childbearing potential unless surgically sterilized by hysterectomy or bilateral tubal ligation/salpingectomy, or post-menopausal for at least two years.) 8. Adequate biological parameters at baseline (obtained within 14 days prior to registration). 9. If elevated liver function tests develop at the time of initial presentation or develop during workup and are the result of mechanical obstruction of the biliary drainage by tumor compression or invasion, a biliary drain may be placed. If drainage allows the liver function tests to come within inclusion criteria, the patient may be enrolled. 1. More than one systemic therapy regimen of any type for metastatic or locally advanced disease. Adjuvant gemcitabine that ended more than 6 months from diagnosis of recurrent disease is not considered as a regimen; 2. Prior treatment with nintedanib or any other VEGFR inhibitor; 3. Known hypersensitivity to nintedanib, gemcitabine and nab-Paclitaxal peanut or soya or any other trial drug, their excipients or to contrast media; 4. Chemo-, hormon-, radio-(except for brain and extremities) or immunotherapy or therapy with monoclonal antibodies or small tyrosine kinase inhibitors within the past 4 weeks prior to treatment with the trial drug; 5. Radiotherapy to the target lesion within the past 3 months prior to baseline imaging 6. Persistence of clinically relevant therapy related toxicity from previous chemo and/or radiotherapy; 7. Active brain metastases (e.g. stable for <4 weeks, no adequate previous treatment with radiotherapy, symptomatic, requiring treatment with anti-convulsants; dexamethasone therapy will be allowed if administered as stable dose for at least one month before randomization); 8. Leptomeningeal disease; 9. Radiographic evidence of cavitary or necrotic tumors; 10. Treatment with other investigational drugs or treatment in another clinical trial within the past 4 weeks before start of therapy or concomitantly with the trial; 11. Therapeutic anticoagulation with drugs requiring INR monitoring (except low-dose heparin and/or heparin flush as needed for maintenance of an in-dwelling intravenous devise) or anti-platelet therapy (except for low-dose therapy with acetylsalicylic acid < 325mg per day); 12. Major injuries and/or surgery within the past 4 weeks prior to start of study treatment with incomplete wound healing and/or planned surgery during the on-treatment study period; 13. History of clinically significant hemorrhagic or thromboembolic event in the past 6 months; 14. Known inherited predisposition to bleeding or thrombosis; 15. Significant cardiovascular diseases ( i.e. uncontrolled hypertension, unstable angina, history of infarction within the past 12 months prior to start of study treatment, congestive heart failure > NYHA II, serious cardiac arrhythmia, pericardial effusion); 16. Proteinuria CTCAE grade 2 or greater; 17. Creatinine > 1.5 x ULN or GFR < 45 mL/min; 18. Hepatic function: total bilirubin outside of normal limits; ALT or AST > 1.5 ULN in pts without liver metastasis. For Pts with liver metastasis: total bilirubin outside of normal limits, ALT or AST > 2.5 ULN; 19. Coagulation parameters: International Normalized Ratio (INR) > 2, prothrombin time (PT) and partial thromboplastin time (PTT) > 50% of deviation of institutional ULN; 20. Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) < 1500/mL, platelets < 100,000/mL, Hemoglobin < 9.0 g/dl; 21. Any known active cancer other than pancreatic primary; 22. Active serious infections in particular if requiring systemic antibiotic or antimicrobial therapy; 23. Active or chronic hepatitis C and/or B infection; 24. Gastrointestinal disorders or abnormalities that would interfere with absorption of the study drug; 25. Serious illness or concomitant non-oncological disease such as neurologic, psychiatric, infectious disease or active ulcers (gastro-intestinal tract, skin) or laboratory abnormality that may increase the risk associated with study participation or study drug administration and in the judgment of the investigator would make the patient inappropriate for entry into the study; 26. Pregnancy or breast feeding female; 27. Psychological, familial, sociological or geographical factors potentially hampering compliance with the study protocol and follow-up schedule; 28. Active alcohol or drug abuse; 29. Significant weight loss (> 20% of BW) within past 6 months prior to inclusion into the trial or actual body weight of less than 50 kg; 30. Patients who are sexually active and unwilling to use a medically acceptable method of contraception (e.g. such as implants, injectable, combined oral contraceptives, some intrauterine devices, sexual abstinence or vasectomized partner for participating females, condoms for participating males) during the trial and for at least three months after end of active therapy.

1. Between 15 and 49 years of age, inclusive, at Visit 1. 2. Anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) titer of 1:80, or greater, as determined by immunofluorescence assay (IFA). 3. Participants must have at least one (but not three or more) additional clinical or laboratory criterion from the 2012 Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) classification criteria. 4. Written informed consent (and assent when applicable) obtained from subject or subject's legal representative and ability for subject to comply with the requirements of the study. 1. The subject meets the 2012 SLICC classification criteria for SLE at Visit 1 (i.e., ANA plus 3 other criteria, or ANA plus biopsy-proven lupus nephritis). 2. The subject has been diagnosed with another autoimmune disorder, other than autoimmune thyroid conditions. 3. The subject has fibromyalgia, based on clinical history and exam. 4. The subject has previously been or is currently being treated with oral antimalarial agents including hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine, or quinacrine. 5. The subject is currently or has been treated with immunosuppressive, immune modifying, or cytotoxic medications as listed in Section 7.2. 6. Use of any investigational agent within the preceding 12 months. 7. History of primary immunodeficiency. 8. Active bacterial, viral, fungal, or opportunistic infection. 9. Evidence of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Hepatitis B, or Hepatitis C. 10. Concomitant malignancy or history of malignancy with the exception of adequately treated basal or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, or carcinoma in situ of the cervix. 11. The subject has significant findings on ophthalmological examination that, in the opinion of the examining Ophthalmologist, prevent safe use of hydroxychloroquine. 12. The subject has other contraindications to treatment with hydroxychloroquine including pre-existing ocular disease, hepatic impairment, psoriasis, porphyria, or allergy to the drug or class. 13. Co-morbidities requiring systemic corticosteroid therapy greater than 10 mg of prednisone per day, or equivalent, or a change in corticosteroid dose within the 3 months prior to Visit 1. 14. Starting, stopping, or changing the dose of over the counter or prescription non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the three months prior to Visit 1. 15. Pregnant, breastfeeding, or unwilling to practice birth control during participation in the study. 16. Presence of a condition or abnormality that in the opinion of the Investigator would compromise the safety of the patient or the quality of the data. 17. Inability to comply with the study visit schedule and procedures.

• Patient must be newly diagnosed or relapsed/progressed with a brain tumor that has not previously been treated with CRT
• Note: COG therapeutic study participation is not required for ACCL10P1 enrollment
• Patient enrollment must occur within 4 calendar months following completion of CRT
• Reminder: after patient enrollment, baseline testing followed by randomization must occur within 2-4 months after completion of CRT
• The patient must have an identified caregiver who is willing and able to oversee the training practice during the intervention period (ie, for 5-9 weeks starting approximately 3 months after completion of CRT)
• The patient must have access to a telephone and phone number where they can be reached
• The patient and caregiver must have reading, speaking and listening comprehension of English
• All patients and/or their parents or legal guardians must sign a written informed consent (patient assent is also recommended when applicable according to each institution's policy)
• All institutional, Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and National Cancer Institute (NCI) requirements for human studies must be met
• Patients with pontine glioma are not eligible
• Patients with an estimated survival of less than one year are not eligible
• Patients with a history of traumatic brain injury prior to tumor diagnosis are not eligible
• Patients with a motor, visual, or auditory handicap that prevents computer use (e.g., unresolved posterior fossa syndrome) are not eligible to participate in this trial
• Patients with full-scale intelligence quotient (IQ) < 70 per previous testing OR existing diagnosis of/educational classification as a student with an intellectual disability are not eligible

Who have experienced a progressive deterioration in their vision, such thot they can no longer achieve adequate functional vision on a daily basis with their contact lenses or spectacles; Who are 21 years of age or older; Who have clear central corneas; Who have a corneal thickness of 450 microns or greater at the proposed incision site; Who have corneal transplantation as the only remaining option to improve their functional vision. Who have abnormally thin corneas or who have a corneal thickness of 449 microns or less at the proposed incision site; Patients with collagen vascular, autoimmune or immunodeficiency disease; Pregnant or nursing patients; Presence of ocular conditions, such as recurrent corneal erosion syndrome or corneal dystrophy, that my predispose the patient to future complications; Patients who are taking on or more of following medications: isotretinoin (Accutane); amiodarone HCL (Cordarone).

Inclusion criteria: Patients with Pompe disease who previously completed a neoGAA study. The patient and/or their parent/legal guardian is willing and able to provide signed informed consent, and the patient, if <18 years of age, is willing to provide assent if deemed able to do so. The patient (and patient's legal guardian if patient is <18 years of age) must have the ability to comply with the clinical protocol. The patient, if female and of childbearing potential, must have a negative pregnancy test [urine beta-human chorionic gonadotropin] at baseline. Exclusion criteria: The patient is concurrently participating in another clinical study using investigational treatment. The patient, in the opinion of the Investigator, is unable to adhere to the requirements of the study. The patient has clinically significant organic disease (with the exception of symptoms relating to Pompe disease), including clinically significant cardiovascular, hepatic, pulmonary, neurologic, or renal disease, or other medical condition, serious intercurrent illness, or extenuating circumstance that, in the opinion of the Investigator, precludes participation in the study or potentially decreases survival. The above information is not intended to contain all considerations relevant to a patient's potential participation in a clinical trial.

• All patients must have a pathologically confirmed diagnosis of neuroblastoma, < 30.99 years of age and classified as high risk at the time of diagnosis. Exception: patients who are initially diagnosed as non-high-risk neuroblastoma, but later converted (and/or relapsed) to high risk neuroblastoma are also eligible.
• All patients must be in complete remission (CR): 1. No evidence of residual disease on scan 2. No evidence of disease metastatic to bone marrow.
• Specific Criteria by Stratum: Stratum 1/1B: All patients must have completed standard upfront therapy that replicates treatment which patients who were enrolled on ANBL0032 received, including: intensive induction chemotherapy and (if feasible) resection of primary tumor, followed by: consolidation with high-dose chemotherapy with stem cell transplant and radiotherapy, followed by: immunotherapy with Ch14.18/IL-2/GM-CSF (dinutuximab) and retinoic acid;. All subjects on Stratum 1/B must have also met the following criteria: • A pre-transplant disease status evaluation that met International Neuroblastoma Response Criteria (INRC) for CR (complete response), VGPR (very good partial response), or PR (partial response) for primary site, soft tissue metastases and bone metastases. Patients who meet those criteria must also meet the protocol-specified criteria for bone marrow response prior to transplant as outlined below: No more than 10% tumor involvement (based on total nucleated cellular content) seen on any specimen from a bilateral bone marrow aspirate/biopsy. Stratum 2: Neuroblastoma that is in first complete remission following standard upfront therapy different from that described for Stratum 1. Stratum 3: Neuroblastoma that failed to have a response of at least PR following induction chemotherapy and surgical resection of the primary tumor, but that has achieved CR following additional therapy. Stratum 4: Patients who have achieved a second or subsequent CR following relapse(s).
• Pre-enrollment tumor survey: Prior to enrollment on this study, a determination of mandatory disease staging must be performed:
• Tumor imaging studies including
• Bilateral bone marrow aspirates and biopsy
• This disease assessment is required for eligibility and preferably should be done within 2 weeks prior to enrollment, but must be done within a maximum of 4 weeks before enrollment.
• Timing from prior therapy: Stratum 1/1B: Enrollment no later than 60 days after completion of upfront therapy, (last dose of cis-retinoic acid) with a maximum of 6 cycles of cis-retinoic acid maintenance therapy. Stratum 2, 3 and 4: Enrollment no later than 60 days from last dose of the most recent therapy.
• Patients must have a Lansky or Karnofsky Performance Scale score of > 50% and patients must have a life expectancy of ≥ 2 months.
• All clinical and laboratory studies for organ functions to determine eligibility must be performed within 7 days prior to enrollment unless otherwise indicated below.
• Patients must have adequate organ functions at the time of registration:
• Hematological: Total absolute phagocyte count ≥1000/μL
• Liver: Subjects must have adequate liver function
• Renal: Adequate renal function
• Females of childbearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test. Patients of childbearing potential must agree to use an effective birth control method. Female patients who are lactating must agree to stop breast-feeding.
• Written informed consent in accordance with institutional and FDA (food and drug administration) guidelines must be obtained from all subjects (or patients' legal representative).
• BSA (Body Surface Area) of <0.25 m2.
• Investigational Drugs: Subjects who are currently receiving another investigational drug are excluded from participation.
• Anti-cancer Agents: Subjects who are currently receiving other anticancer agents are not eligible. Subjects must have fully recovered from hematological and bone marrow suppression effects of prior chemotherapy.
• Infection: Subjects who have an uncontrolled infection are not eligible until the infection is judged to be well controlled in the opinion of the investigator.
• Subjects who, in the opinion of the investigator, may not be able to comply with the safety monitoring requirements of the study, or in whom compliance is likely to be suboptimal, should be excluded.

• Man or woman greater than or equal to (>=) 18 years of age
• In Part 1, diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) according to World Health Organization (WHO) criteria
• International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) low Risk or intermediate-1 risk MDS
• Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion dependent, defined as requiring at least 4 RBC units transfused over an 8-week period during the 16 weeks prior to Study Entry; pre-transfusion hemoglobin (Hb) should be less than or equal to 9.0 gram per deciliter (g/dL) to count towards the 4 units total
• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0, 1 or 2
• Participant has known allergies, hypersensitivity, or intolerance to imetelstat or its excipients
• Participant has received an investigational drug or used an invasive investigational medical device within 30 days prior to Study Entry or is currently enrolled in an investigational study
• Prior treatment with imetelstat
• Have received corticosteroids greater than (>) 30 milligram per day (mg/day) prednisone or equivalent, or growth factor treatment within 4 weeks prior to study entry
• a) Prior treatment with a hypomethylating agent (example [eg], azacitidine, decitabine); b) Prior treatment with lenalidomide; c) Has received an erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) or any chemotherapy, immunomodulatory, or immunosuppressive therapy within 4 weeks prior to study entry (8 weeks for long-acting ESAs)

1. Subject's age is between ≥12 and 16 years, inclusive 2. Subject is scheduled for a procedure that requires general or neuraxial anesthesia 3. Subjects must have normal or clinically acceptable physical exam 4. Subjects with controlled diabetes prior to entry must have a mean systolic/diastolic office blood pressure ≤128/78 mmHg (sitting, after 5 minutes of rest) 5. Females must have a urine or serum pregnancy test (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin) that is negative at Screening and Day 1 6. Subject's parent or legal guardian gives informed consent and subject gives assent. 1. Subject has a contraindication to vasoconstrictor therapy for control of blood pressure 2. Subject has participated in other clinical trials for investigational drugs and/or devices within 30 days prior to enrollment 3. Subject has any serious medical condition which, in the opinion of the investigator, is likely to interfere with study procedures 4. Subjects who have a history of any clinically significant local or systemic infectious disease within four weeks prior to initial treatment administration 5. Subjects who are positive for hepatitis B surface antigen or hepatitis C antibody 6. Subjects taking antihypertensive medication 7. Subject is moribund (death is likely to occur in less than 48 hours) 8. Females who are pregnant, nursing or unwilling to use/practice adequate contraception.

Key 1. Age 21 years or younger at the time of initial ALL diagnosis and age > 1 year at the time of study treatment initiation. 2. Subjects must have a diagnosis of relapsed or refractory ALL with ≥ 5% blasts in the bone marrow (M2 or M3 disease), with or without extramedullary disease. a. To be eligible, subjects must have had 1 or more prior therapeutic attempts, defined as:
• Early first relapse (< 36 months from original diagnosis) after achieving a CR (B-ALL) or first relapse any time following the original diagnosis after achieving a CR (T-ALL)
• First refractory bone marrow relapse occurring any time after original diagnosis after achieving a CR (ie, ≥1 failed attempt to induce a second remission) OR
• Relapse after achieving a CR following the first or subsequent relapse (i.e., ≥ 2 relapses) OR
• Failing to achieve a CR from original diagnosis after at least 1 induction attempt 3. Subjects must have fully recovered from the acute toxic effects of all previous chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or radiotherapy treatment before enrollment. 4. Subjects must have a serum creatinine level that is ≤ 1.5 × institutional upper limit of normal (ULN) according to age. If serum creatinine level is > 1.5 × ULN, the subject must have a calculated creatinine clearance or radioisotope glomerular filtration rate (GFR) ≥ 70 mL/min/1.73 m2, or for children<2 years of age, ≥ 50mL/min/1.73 m2. 5. Adequate liver function, defined as both of the following: 1. Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 × institutional ULN except in the presence of Gilbert Syndrome 2. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ≤ 5 × institutional ULN 6. Performance status: Karnofsky or Lansky scores ≥ 50 for subjects > 16 years old or ≤ 16 years old, respectively. Key 1. Known allergy to any of the drugs used in the study. (Subjects who have had a previous allergy to PEG-asparaginase are eligible and if able, may receive Erwinia asparaginase at the investigator's discretion.) 2. Known allergy to Captisol (a cyclodextrin derivative used to solubilize carfilzomib) 3. Left ventricular fractional shortening < 30% 4. History of ≥ Grade 2 pancreatitis 5. Active graft‑versus‑host disease requiring systemic treatment 6. Positive culture for or other clinical evidence of infection with bacteria or fungus within 14 days of the initiation of study treatment 7. Down Syndrome 8. Prior therapy restrictions: 1. Subjects must have completed therapy with granulocyte‑colony stimulating factor (G‑CSF) or other myeloid growth factors at least 7 days before study treatment initiation, or at least 14 days before study treatment initiation, if pegylated myeloid growth factors were administered. 2. Subjects must have completed any type of active immunotherapy (e.g., tumor vaccines) at least 42 days before study treatment initiation. 3. Subjects must have received the last dose of a non-monoclonal antibody biologic agent at least 7 days before study treatment initiation. 4. At least 3 antibody half‑lives must have elapsed since the last dose of monoclonal antibody (e.g., 66 days for rituximab, 69 days for epratuzumab and 36 days for inotuzumab) before subjects may initiate study treatment. 5. Subjects must not have received other antineoplastic agents with therapeutic intent, excluding hydroxyurea and antimetabolites administered as part of maintenance chemotherapy, within 7 days prior to study treatment initiation 9. Hepatitis B infection with positive hepatitis B DNA

• Patient suffered cardiac arrest requiring chest compressions for at least 2 minutes (120 seconds) with ROSC/ROC; AND
• Age greater than 48 hours (with a corrected gestational age of at least 38 weeks) and less than 18 years; AND
• Patient requires continuous mechanical ventilation; AND
• The cardiac arrest was unplanned (i.e., not part of cardiac surgical procedure)
• The parent or legal guardian does not speak English or Spanish (the only two languages in which VABS II is standardized)
• Randomization is impossible within six hours of ROSC; OR
• Patient is on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) when arrest occurs; OR
• Continuous infusion of epinephrine or norepinephrine at very high doses (≥2 ug/kg/minute) received immediately prior to randomization; OR Glasgow Coma Scale motor response of five (localizing pain or for infants less than two years, withdraws to touch) or six (obeys commands, or for infants, normal spontaneous movement) prior to randomization; OR
• History of a prior cardiac arrest with chest compressions for at least two minutes during the current hospitalization but outside the 6 hour window for randomization; OR
• Pre-existing terminal illness with life expectancy < 12 months; OR
• Lack of commitment to aggressive intensive care therapies including do not resuscitate orders and other limitations to care; OR
• Cardiac arrest was associated with severe brain, thoracic, or abdominal trauma; OR
• Active and refractory severe bleeding prior to randomization; OR
• Near drowning in ice water with patient core temperature ≤32 °C on presentation; OR
• Patient is pregnant; OR
• Patient participation in a concurrent interventional trial whose protocol, in the judgment of the THAPCA investigators, prevents effective application of one or both THAPCA therapeutic treatment arms, or otherwise significantly interferes with carrying out the THAPCA protocol; OR
• Patient is newborn with acute birth asphyxia; OR _ Patient cared for in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) after arrest (ie, would not be admitted to PICU); OR
• Patient has sickle cell anemia; OR
• Patient known to have pre-existing cryoglobulinemia; OR
• Central nervous system tumor with ongoing chemotherapy or radiation therapy; OR
• Chronic hypothermia secondary to hypovolemic, pituitary, or related condition for which body temperature is consistently below 37 °C ; OR progressive degenerative encephalopathy; OR
• Any condition in which direct skin surface cooling would be contraindicated, such as large burns, decubitus ulcers, cellulitis, or other conditions with disrupted skin integrity (NOTE: patients with open chest CPR should be included but placement of cooling mattresses will be modified as needed); OR
• Previous enrollment in the THAPCA Trials.

Key
• Chronic heart failure resulting from left ventricular systolic dysfunction, and receiving chronic HF therapy (if not newly diagnosed)
• NYHA classification II-IV (older children: 6 to <18 years old) or Ross CHF classification II-IV (younger children: < 6 years old)
• Systemic left ventricular ejection fraction ≤ 40% or fractional shortening ≤20%
• For Part 1 study: Patients must be treated with an ACEI or ARB prior to screening. Patients in Group 1 and 2 must be currently treated with the dose equivalent of at least enalapril 0.2 mg/kg prior to the LCZ696 3.1 mg/kg administration. Group 3 patients will participate in LCZ696 0.8 mg/kg and not LCZ696 3.1 mg/kg.
• Biventricular physiology with systemic left ventricle Key
• Patient with single ventricle or systemic right ventricle
• Patients listed for heart transplantation (as United Network for Organ Sharing status 1A) or hospitalized waiting for transplant (while on inotropes or with ventricular assist device)
• Sustained or symptomatic dysrhythmias uncontrolled with drug or device therapy
• Patients that have had cardiovascular surgery or percutaneous intervention to palliate or correct congenital cardiovascular malformations within 3 months of the screening visit. Patients anticipated to undergo corrective heart surgery during the 12 months after entry into Part 2
• Patients with unoperated obstructive or severe regurgitant valvular (aortic, pulmonary, or tricuspid) disease, or significant systemic ventricular outflow obstruction or aortic arch obstruction
• Patients with restrictive or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
• Active myocarditis
• Renal vascular hypertension (including renal artery stenosis)
• Moderate-to severe obstructive pulmonary disease
• Serum potassium > 5.3 mmol/L
• History of angioedema
• Allergy or hypersensitivity to ACEI / ARB

• Patient is at least 18 years of age
• Patient with advanced or metastatic solid tumor and has disease progression after treatment with available therapies that are known to confer clinical benefit or who are intolerant to treatment that meets the following requirements for the part of the study they will participate in: 1. Part 1: Patient with any advanced or metastatic solid tumor 2. Part 2A: Patient with any advanced or metastatic solid tumor 3. Part 2B: Patient with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) and Endometrial cancers
• Female patients, if of childbearing potential, must have a negative serum pregnancy test within 72 hours prior to the date of the first dose of study medication.
• Female patients of childbearing potential must agree to use 2 adequate methods of contraception with their partner starting with the screening visit through 150 days after the last dose of study therapy.
• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of ≤ 2 for Part 1 and ≤ 1 for Part 2. Adequate organ function.
• Patient has received prior therapy with an anti- programmed death receptor 1 (anti-PD-1), anti-PD-1- ligand-1 (anti-PD-L1), or anti-PD-1 ligand-2 (anti-PD- L2) agent.
• Known uncontrolled central nervous system (CNS) metastases and/or carcinomatous meningitis. Note: Patients with previously treated brain metastases may participate provided they are stable (without evidence of progression by imaging for at least 4 weeks prior to the first dose of study treatment and any neurologic symptoms have returned to baseline), have no evidence of new or enlarging brain metastases, and are clinically stable off steroids for at least 7 days prior to study treatment. Carcinomatous meningitis precludes a patient from study participation regardless of clinical stability.
• Known additional malignancy that progressed or required active treatment within the last 2 years. Exceptions include basal cell carcinoma of the skin, squamous cell cancer (SqCC) of the skin that has undergone potentially curative therapy, or in situ cervical cancer.
• Known history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (HIV 1/2 antibodies).
• Known active hepatitis B (eg, hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg] reactive) or hepatitis C (eg, hepatitis C virus ribonucleic acid (HCV RNA) (qualitative) is detected).
• Active autoimmune disease that has required systemic treatment in the past 2 years (ie, with use of disease- modifying agents, corticosteroids, or immunosuppressive drugs). Replacement therapy (eg, thyroxine, insulin, or physiologic corticosteroid replacement therapy for adrenal or pituitary insufficiency, etc.) is not considered a form of systemic treatment.
• History of interstitial lung disease.

• Outpatient men and women age 18-65 years old with bipolar I, II, Not Otherwise Specified (NOS) disorder, or Schizoaffective Bipolar Type
• If diagnosed with Bipolar I, Bipolar NOS w/history of mania or Schizoaffective Disorder Bipolar Type, current mood stabilizer therapy (lithium, valproic acid, lamotrigine, gabapentin) with stable dose for > 28 days prior to randomization.
• Baseline Barrett Impulsiveness Scale-11 Score of > 62 (above average impulsivity)
• Systolic BP > 100 and < 165 and Diastolic BP > 60 and < 105 with no evidence of orthostatic hypotension
• Current Diagnosis of Alcohol Use Disorder with at least moderate severity
• Alcohol use of an average of 15 drinks per 7 days in the past 28 days prior to intake for men, and an average of 8 drinks per 7 day period in the past 28 days prior to intake for women
• Current mood stabilizer therapy with stable dose for > 28 days
• Fluent in English or Spanish
• Baseline Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) or Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) scores > 35
• Mood disorders other than bipolar I, II, NOS or schizoaffective disorder bipolar type (e.g. cyclothymic disorders, schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder depressive type, or unipolar depression based on the SCID), other disorders, e.g. anxiety disorders, will be allowed.
• Current diagnosis of amphetamine or cocaine use disorder or a cocaine or amphetamine positive baseline urine sample.
• Evidence of clinically significant alcohol withdrawal symptoms
• Current treatment with an atypical antipsychotic
• Current treatment with naltrexone, acamprosate, disulfiram, or topiramate in the last 28 days
• Prior treatment with Aripiprazole within the last year or lifetime history of intolerable side effects to Aripiprazole
• Vulnerable populations (e.g. pregnant, nursing, cognitively impaired, incarcerated.)
• Evidence of clinically significant alcohol withdrawal symptoms defined as a CIWA-Ar score of ≥ 10.
• High risk for suicide
• Aspartate Amino Transferase (AST) or Alanine Amino Transferase (ALT) > 3 times upper limit of normal
• Current use of Cytochrome P450 3A4 inducing medication (e.g. carbamazepine, rifabutin, rifampin, ritonavir).
• Use of other substances (besides cocaine/amphetamine) is allowed if the use disorder is no greater than moderate severity and alcohol is the self-identified substance of choice.
• History of neuroleptic malignant syndrome or tardive dyskinesia. More specific inclusion and exclusion criteria will be discussed with participant at baseline assessment.

1. Age 55-79, all races/ethnicities, and both women and men are eligible; 2. Mini-mental state exam (MMSE) > 26 to exclude cognitive impairment or dementia; 3. Healthy normotensive subjects (24-hour ambulatory BP<125/75 mmHg without use of antihypertensive medication); 4. Patients with hypertension defined as 24-hour SBP ≥130 mmHg , patients on BP medications are eligible; 5. Patients with hypertension are willing to be randomized into either treatment group and ability to return to clinic or laboratory for follow-up visits over 12 months; 6. Fluency in English, adequate visual and auditory acuity to allow neuropsychological testing; 7. Screening laboratory tests and ECG without significant abnormalities that might interfere with the study 1. History of stroke, transient ischemic attack, traumatic brain injury or severe cerebrovascular disease by clinical diagnosis or past MRI/CT; 2. Diagnosis of AD or other type of dementia and neurodegenerative diseases; 3. Evidence of severe depression or other DSM-V Axis I psychopathology 4. Unstable heart disease based on clinical judgment (heart attack/cardiac arrest, cardiac bypass procedures within previous 6 months and congestive heart failure), evidence of atrial fibrillation on ECG, or other severe medical conditions; 5. Chronic kidney diseases with GFR < 40 ml/min; 6. Orthostatic hypotension, defined as standing SBP<100 mmHg; 7. History of significant autoimmune disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis and polymyalgia rheumatica; 8. History of drug or alcohol abuse within the last 2 years; 9. Diagnosis of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (fasting blood sugar ≥126 mg/dL or A1C >7.5%) 10. Obstructive sleep apnea; 11. Regularly smoking cigarette within the past year; 12. Severe obesity with BMI ≥ 45; 13. Participants enrolled in another investigational drug or device study within the past 2 months; 14. Carotid stent or sever stenosis (> 50%); 15. Pacemaker or other medical device of metal that precludes performing MRI; 16. History of B12 deficiency or hypothyroidism (stable treatment for at least 3 months is allowable); 17. Any conditions judged by the study investigators to be either medically inappropriate, or risky for participant or likely to have poor study adherence; 18. Claustrophobia; 19. Pregnancy

• Patients must have histologically documented unresectable locally advanced or metastatic non-HER2-positive breast cancer and a known BRCA 1/2 mutation present; both germline and somatic mutations are acceptable, however somatic mutations must be identified by tumor sequencing and not blood; patients with BRCA mutations of unknown significance are not allowed
• Patients must have measurable disease, defined as at least one lesion that can be accurately measured in at least one dimension (longest diameter to be recorded for non-nodal lesions and short axis for nodal lesions) as >= 20 mm (>= 2 cm) by chest x-ray or as >= 10 mm (>= 1 cm) with computed tomography (CT) scan, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or calipers by clinical exam
• Prior chemotherapy is allowed, including platinum therapy; patients must not have received chemotherapy for 4 weeks prior to the initiation of study treatment and must have recovery =< grade 1 from any adverse events from any prior chemotherapy (other than alopecia); patients must not have had nitrosoureas or mitomycin C for 6 weeks prior to the initiation of study treatment
• Prior radiation therapy is allowed; patients must not have received minimal radiation therapy (=< 5% of their total marrow volume) within 3 weeks prior to the initiation of study treatment; otherwise, patients must not have received radiation therapy (> 5% of their total marrow volume) within 4 weeks prior to the initiation of study treatment; patients who have received prior radiation to 50% or more of their total marrow volume will be excluded
• Patients who have received prior treatment with anti-CTLA-4 may be enrolled, provided the following requirements are met: minimum of 12 weeks from the first dose of anti-CTLA-4 and > 6 weeks from the last dose, and no history of severe immune-related adverse effects from anti-CTLA-4 (National Cancer Institute [NCI] Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events [CTCAE] grade 3 and 4)
• Treatment with systemic immunosuppressive medications (including, but not limited to, prednisone, cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, methotrexate, thalidomide, and anti-tumor necrosis factor [anti-TNF] agents) is allowed, provided the following is met: minimum of 2 weeks prior to cycle 1, day 1; patients who have received acute, low dose, systemic immunosuppressant medications (e.g., a one-time dose of dexamethasone for nausea) may be enrolled; the use of corticosteroids and mineralocorticoids (e.g., fludrocortisone) for patients with orthostatic hypotension or adrenocortical insufficiency is allowed
• Prior treatment with systemic immunostimulatory agents (including, but not limited to, interferon [IFN]-alpha or interleukin [IL]-2) is allowed, provided the following is met: minimum of 6 weeks prior to cycle 1, day 1
• Patients taking bisphosphonate therapy for symptomatic hypercalcemia are NOT allowed; use of bisphosphonate therapy for other reasons (e.g., bone metastasis or osteoporosis) is allowed
• Prior hormone therapy is allowed; patients must not have received hormone therapy for breast cancer for 2 weeks prior to the initiation of study treatment and must have recovery =< grade 1 from any adverse events related to these therapies (other than alopecia)
• Prior experimental (non-Food and Drug Administration [FDA] approved) therapies and immunotherapies are allowed; patients must not have received these therapies for 4 weeks prior to the initiation of study treatment and must have recovery =< grade 1 from any adverse events of these therapies (other than alopecia); prior treatment with any PARP inhibitor or any anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 antibody is NOT allowed
• Other therapies (e.g. targeted therapy such as cyclin-dependent kinase [CDK] inhibitors): patients should have recovered to =< grade 1 drug related toxicity; they must have completed therapy for either a total of duration equivalent to 5 half-lives of the drug or 28 days, whichever is shorter
• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status =< 2 (Karnofsky >= 60%)
• Life expectancy of greater than 6 months
• Absolute neutrophil count >= 1,500/mcL
• Leukocytes >= 3,000/mcL
• Platelets >= 100,000/mcL
• Hemoglobin >= 8 g/dL
• Total bilirubin =< 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) (however, patients with known Gilbert disease who have serum bilirubin level =< 3 x ULN may be enrolled)
• Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase [SGOT])/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase [SGPT]) =< 2.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) if no liver metastasis; =< 5 x upper ULN if liver metastasis present
• Alkaline phosphatase =< 2.5 x ULN (=< 5 x ULN for patients with documented liver involvement or bone metastases)
• Creatinine clearance >= 51 mL/min/1.73 m^2 by Cockcroft-Gault
• International normalized ratio (INR) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) =< 1.5 x ULN (this applies only to patients who do not receive therapeutic anticoagulation; patients receiving therapeutic anticoagulation, such as low-molecular-weight heparin or warfarin, should be on a stable dose)
• No features suggestive of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)/acute myeloid leukemia (AML) on peripheral blood smear when performed as clinically indicated
• Patients must have tumors determined to be easily accessible for biopsy and must be willing to have serial biopsies (with a third biopsy upon evidence of disease progression)
• Administration of atezolizumab and/or olaparib may have an adverse effect on pregnancy and poses a risk to the human fetus, including embryo-lethality; women of child-bearing potential and men must agree to use highly effective contraception prior to study entry, for the duration of study participation, and for at least 5 months (150 days) after the last dose of study agent; should a woman become pregnant or suspect she is pregnant while she or her partner is participating in this study, she should inform her treating physician immediately; men treated or enrolled on this protocol must also agree to use two highly effective forms of contraception in combination prior to the study, for the duration of study participation, and for at least 5 months (150 days) after completion of atezolizumab and/or olaparib administration; women of child-bearing potential: negative serum pregnancy test within 28 days of study treatment and confirmed prior to treatment on day 1; postmenopausal or evidence of non-childbearing status for women of childbearing potential; postmenopausal is defined as:
• Amenorrheic for 1 year or more following cessation of exogenous hormonal treatments
• Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels in the post-menopausal range for women under 50
• Radiation-induced oophorectomy with last menses > 1 year ago
• Chemotherapy-induced menopause with > 1 year interval since last menses
• Surgical sterilization (bilateral oophorectomy or hysterectomy)
• Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document
• Subject is able to swallow and retain oral medication and does not have uncontrolled emesis or gastrointestinal disorders likely to interfere with absorption of the study medication
• Patients crossing over from monotherapy to combination therapy do not have to be fully rescreened; however, they do need to meet performance status, organ function, and blood parameters and not meet any of the exclusion criteria
• Patients positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are NOT excluded from this study, but HIV-positive patients must have:
• A stable regimen of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART)
• No requirement for concurrent antibiotics or antifungal agents for the prevention of opportunistic infections
• A CD4 count above 250 cells/mcL and an undetectable HIV viral load on standard polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based test
• Patients with prior allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, double umbilical cord blood transplantation (dUCBT) or prior solid organ transplantation
• Patients with known brain metastases should be excluded from this clinical trial except as those described below, because of their poor prognosis and because they often develop progressive neurologic dysfunction that would confound the evaluation of neurologic and other adverse events
• Patients with known primary central nervous system (CNS) malignancy or symptomatic CNS metastases are excluded, with the following exceptions:
• Patients with asymptomatic untreated CNS disease may be enrolled, provided all of the following criteria are met:
• Evaluable or measurable disease outside the CNS
• No metastases to brain stem, midbrain, pons, medulla, cerebellum, or within 10 mm of the optic apparatus (optic nerves and chiasm)
• No history of intracranial hemorrhage unless it is confined within a lesion previously noted and secondary to gamma knife or another equivalent radiologic therapeutic
• No history of spinal cord hemorrhage
• No ongoing requirement for dexamethasone for CNS disease; patients on a stable dose of anticonvulsants are permitted
• No neurosurgical resection or brain biopsy within 28 days prior to cycle 1, day 1
• Patients with asymptomatic treated CNS metastases may be enrolled, provided all the criteria listed above are met as well as the following:
• Radiographic demonstration of improvement upon the completion of CNS directed therapy and no evidence of interim progression between the completion of CNS directed therapy and the screening radiographic study
• No stereotactic radiation or whole-brain radiation within 28 days prior to cycle 1, day 1
• Screening CNS radiographic study >= 4 weeks from completion of radiotherapy and >= 2 weeks from discontinuation of corticosteroids
• Known hypersensitivity to Chinese hamster ovary cell products or other recombinant human antibodies
• History of severe allergic, anaphylactic, or other hypersensitivity reactions to chimeric or humanized antibodies or fusion proteins
• History of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to olaparib and atezolizumab; patients with a known hypersensitivity to olaparib or any of the excipients of the product
• Prior treatment with any PARP inhibitor or any anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 antibody
• Known clinically significant liver disease, including active viral, alcoholic, or other hepatitis; cirrhosis; fatty liver; and inherited liver disease
• Patients with past or resolved hepatitis B infection (defined as having a negative hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg] test and a positive anti-HBc [antibody to hepatitis B core antigen] antibody test) are eligible
• Patients positive for hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody are eligible only if PCR is negative for HCV RNA
• History or risk of autoimmune disease, including, but not limited to, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, vascular thrombosis associated with antiphospholipid syndrome, Wegener's granulomatosis, Sjogren's syndrome, Bell's palsy, Guillain-Barre syndrome, multiple sclerosis, autoimmune thyroid disease, vasculitis, lichen sclerosis, or glomerulonephritis
• Patients with a history of autoimmune hypothyroidism on a stable dose of thyroid replacement hormone may be eligible
• Patients with controlled type 1 diabetes mellitus on a stable insulin regimen may be eligible
• Patients with eczema, psoriasis, lichen simplex chronicus of vitiligo with dermatologic manifestations only (e.g., patients with psoriatic arthritis would be excluded) are permitted provided that they meet the following conditions:
• Patients with psoriasis must have a baseline ophthalmologic exam to rule out ocular manifestations
• Rash must cover less than 10% of body surface area (BSA)
• Disease is well controlled at baseline and only requiring low potency topical steroids (e.g., hydrocortisone 2.5%, hydrocortisone butyrate 0.1%, fluocinolone 0.01%, desonide 0.05%, alclometasone dipropionate 0.05%)
• No acute exacerbations of underlying condition within the last 12 months (not requiring psoralen plus ultraviolet A radiation [PUVA], methotrexate, retinoids, biologic agents, oral calcineurin inhibitors; high potency or oral steroids)
• History of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, pneumonitis (including drug induced), organizing pneumonia (i.e., bronchiolitis obliterans, cryptogenic organizing pneumonia, etc.), or evidence of active pneumonitis on screening chest computed tomography (CT) scan; history of radiation pneumonitis in the radiation field (fibrosis) is permitted if recovered
• Major surgical procedure within 28 days prior to cycle 1, day 1 and patients must have recovered from any effects of any major surgery; anticipation of need for a major surgical procedure during the course of the study
• Administration of a live, attenuated vaccine within 4 weeks before cycle 1, day 1 or anticipation that such a live, attenuated vaccine will be required during the study and up to 5 months after the last dose of atezolizumab
• Influenza vaccination should be given during influenza season only (approximately October to March); patients must not receive live, attenuated influenza vaccine within 4 weeks prior to cycle 1, day 1 or at any time during the study
• Patients considered a poor medical risk due to a serious, uncontrolled medical disorder, non-malignant systemic disease or active, uncontrolled infection; examples include, but are not limited to, uncontrolled ventricular arrhythmia, recent (within 3 months) myocardial infarction, unstable spinal cord compression, superior vena cava syndrome, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, extensive interstitial bilateral lung disease on high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scan or any psychiatric disorder that prohibits obtaining informed consent and would limit compliance with study requirements
• Pregnant women are excluded from this study because olaparib and atezolizumab are have the potential for teratogenic or abortifacient effects; because there is an unknown but potential risk for adverse events in nursing infants secondary to treatment of the mother with olaparib and atezolizumab, breastfeeding should be discontinued if the mother is treated with olaparib and atezolizumab
• Any prior grade >= 3 immune-related adverse event (irAE) while receiving any previous immunotherapy agent, or any unresolved irAE > grade 1
• Patients with active seizures or a history of uncontrolled seizure disorder, including focal or generalized seizure within the past year
• Patients requiring treatment with a RANKL inhibitor (e.g. denosumab) who cannot discontinue it before treatment with atezolizumab
• Resting electrocardiogram (ECG) with corrected QT (QTc) > 470

• Patients must have B-ALL, or previously diagnosed B lymphoblastic lymphoma (B-LL), with >= 5% (M2 or M3) bone marrow blasts with or without extramedullary disease
• NOTE: Relapsed patients previously diagnosed with B-lymphoblastic lymphoma (B-LL) are eligible if they have an M2 or M3 marrow at the time of enrollment on this study
• Patients with ALL or B-LL who have M2 morphology must have local confirmatory testing showing >= 5% blasts by flow cytometry, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) testing or other molecular method
• Leukemic blasts must demonstrate surface expression of CD22 at the time of relapse by local/institutional flow cytometry of a bone marrow aspirate sample; (assessment of CD22 using a bright fluorophore such as phycoerythrin [PE] is strongly recommended)
• In the case of an inadequate aspirate sample (dry tap) or if bone marrow aspirate is unable to be performed due to patient clinical status, flow cytometry of peripheral blood specimen may be substituted if the patient has at least 1,000/uL circulating blasts; alternatively, CD22 expression may be documented by immunohistochemistry of a bone marrow biopsy specimen
• Patients with one of the following:
• Second or greater relapse;
• Primary refractory disease with at least 2 prior induction attempts;
• First relapse refractory to at least one prior re-induction attempt
• Any relapse after HSCT (Cohort 1 ONLY) Patients with Down syndrome are eligible ONLY for Cohort 1 with:
• Any of above disease status, OR
• First relapse with no prior re-induction attempt NOTE: Patients with Down syndrome or prior HSCT are NOT eligible for Cohort 2 combination therapy
• Patients with Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)+ ALL must have had two prior therapy attempts including two different tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs)
• Patients must have fully recovered from the acute non-hematologic toxic effects of all prior anti-cancer therapy, defined as resolution of all such toxicities to =< grade 2 or lower per the inclusion/exclusion criteria prior to entering this study
• Myelosuppressive chemotherapy:
• No waiting period will be required for patients receiving standard "maintenance-like" chemotherapy including oral mercaptopurine, weekly low-dose oral methotrexate, and intermittent vincristine/steroid pulses; otherwise, at least 14 days must have elapsed since the completion of cytotoxic therapy, with the exceptions of hydroxyurea or corticosteroids used for cytoreduction
• Intrathecal cytotoxic therapy: No waiting period is required for patients having received intrathecal cytarabine, methotrexate, and/or hydrocortisone; intrathecal chemotherapy given at the time of diagnostic lumbar puncture (LP) to evaluate for relapse prior to study enrollment is allowed
• At least 7 days must have elapsed since the completion of therapy with a growth factor; at least 14 days must have elapsed after receiving pegfilgrastim
• At least 7 days must have elapsed since completion of therapy with a biologic agent (including tyrosine kinase inhibitors); for agents that have known adverse events occurring beyond 7 days after administration, this period prior to enrollment must be extended beyond the time during which adverse events are known to occur
• At least 3 half-lives must have elapsed since prior therapy that included a monoclonal antibody with the exception of blinatumomab; patients must have been off blinatumomab infusion for at least 3 days and all drug related toxicity must have resolved to grade 2 or lower as outlined in the inclusion/exclusion criteria
• >= 2 weeks must have elapsed since local palliative radiation therapy (XRT) (small port); >= 3 months must have elapsed if prior cranial or craniospinal XRT was received, if >= 50% of the pelvis was irradiated, or if total-body irradiation (TBI) was received; >= 6 weeks must have elapsed if other substantial bone marrow irradiation was given
• For Cohort 1, at least 90 days must have elapsed since stem cell transplant and at least 30 days from donor lymphocyte infusion; patient must have had no more than one previous HSCT and currently have no evidence of active graft versus (vs.) host disease (GVHD); for Cohort 2, no prior HSCT is allowed
• At least 30 days must have elapsed from the last chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell infusion
• Patients must have a performance status corresponding to Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) scores of 0, 1, or 2; use Karnofsky for patients > 16 years of age and Lansky for patients =< 16 years of age; patients who are unable to walk because of paralysis, but who are up in a wheelchair, will be considered ambulatory for the purpose of assessing the performance score
• Creatinine clearance or radioisotope glomerular filtration rate (GFR) >= 70 mL/min/1.73 m^2 or
• A serum creatinine based on age/gender as follows:
• 1 to < 2 years: maximum serum creatinine 0.6 mg/dL (both male and female)
• 2 to < 6 years: maximum serum creatinine 0.8 mg/dL (both male and female)
• 6 to < 10 years: maximum serum creatinine 1 mg/dL (both male and female)
• 10 to < 13 years: maximum serum creatinine 1.2 mg/dL (both male and female)
• 13 to < 16 years: maximum serum creatinine 1.5 mg/dL (male), 1.4 mg/dL (female)
• >= 16 years: maximum serum creatinine 1.7 mg/dL (male), 1.4 mg/dL (female)
• Direct bilirubin =< 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) for age, and
• Serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) (alanine aminotransferase [ALT]) =< 5 x ULN for age; for the purpose of this study, the ULN for ALT will be 45 U/L
• Patients with any prior history of SOS irrespective of severity
• Patients with isolated central nervous system (CNS), testicular, or any other extramedullary site of relapse
• Patients who have been previously treated with inotuzumab ozogamicin
• Patients who have previously received HSCT (Cohort 2 only)
• Patients with Down syndrome (Cohort 2 only)
• History of allergic reaction attributed to compounds of similar or biologic composition to inotuzumab ozogamicin or other agents in the study
• Note: Patients with history of allergy to pegaspargase are eligible for enrollment on Cohort 2 (dose levels 1 and -1) if asparaginase Erwinia can be obtained
• If Cohort 2 is enrolling at dose level -2, then patients who cannot receive asparaginase due to prior allergy, toxicity, or lack of access may enroll
• NOTE: patients on AALL1621 are not eligible to co-enroll on AALL1931
• Patients with active optic nerve and/or retinal involvement are not eligible; patients who are presenting with visual disturbances should have an ophthalmologic exam and, if indicated, a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess optic nerve or retinal involvement
• Patients who are currently receiving another investigational drug
• Patients who are currently receiving or plan to receive other anti-cancer agents (except hydroxyurea, which may be continued until 24 hours prior to start of protocol therapy and intrathecal chemotherapy)
• Anti-GVHD or agents to prevent organ rejection post-transplant; patients who are receiving cyclosporine, tacrolimus, or other agents to prevent either graft-versus-host disease post bone marrow transplant or organ rejection post-transplant are not eligible for this trial; at least 3 half-lives must have elapsed after the last dose of GVHD medications (meds)
• Patients who are currently receiving or plan to receive corticosteroids except as described below
• Systemic corticosteroids may be administered for cytoreduction up to 24 hours prior to the start of protocol therapy, (Cohort 1 only) for all patients, corticosteroids may be administered as a premedication for inotuzumab ozogamicin and as treatment for allergic reactions or for physiologic replacement/stress dosing of hydrocortisone for documented adrenal insufficiency; corticosteroids are not allowed for other indications
• Patients with known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B or C infections; testing to prove negative status is not required for enrollment unless it is deemed necessary for usual medical care of the patient
• Patients who have an active uncontrolled infection defined as:
• Positive bacterial blood culture within 48 hours of study enrollment;
• Fever above 38.2 degree Celsius (C) within 48 hours of study enrollment with clinical signs of infection; fever that is determined to be due to tumor burden is allowed if patients have documented negative blood cultures for at least 48 hours prior to enrollment and no concurrent signs or symptoms of active infection or hemodynamic instability
• A positive fungal culture within 30 days of study enrollment or active therapy for presumed invasive fungal infection
• Patients may be receiving IV or oral antibiotics to complete a course of therapy for a prior documented infection as long as cultures have been negative for at least 48 hours and signs or symptoms of active infection have resolved; for patients with clostridium (C.) difficile diarrhea, at least 72 hours of antibacterial therapy must have elapsed and stools must have normalized to baseline
• Active viral or protozoal infection requiring IV treatment
• Patients known to have one of the following concomitant genetic syndromes: Bloom syndrome, ataxia-telangiectasia, Fanconi anemia, Kostmann syndrome, Shwachmann (Shwachmann-Diamond-Blackfan) syndrome or any other known bone marrow failure syndrome
• There have been no human studies of inotuzumab ozogamicin in pregnant women and no reports of exposure in utero; based on nonclinical safety studies, inotuzumab ozogamicin has the potential to impair human male and female fertility and to adversely affect human embryo fetal development; women of childbearing potential should be advised to avoid becoming pregnant while receiving inotuzumab ozogamicin; there is no information regarding the presence of inotuzumab ozogamicin in human milk, the effects on the breast-fed infant, or the effects on milk production; because of the potential for adverse reactions in breast-fed infants, women should not breast-feed during treatment with inotuzumab ozogamicin and for at least 2 months after the final dose
• Female patients of childbearing potential are not eligible unless a negative pregnancy test result has been obtained within 7 days of starting protocol therapy
• Female patients who are sexually active and of reproductive potential are not eligible unless they agree to use an effective contraceptive method for the duration of their study participation and for 8 months after the last dose of inotuzumab ozogamicin
• Men with female partners of childbearing potential should use effective contraception during treatment with inotuzumab ozogamicin and for at least 5 months after the last dose of inotuzumab ozogamicin
• Lactating females are not eligible unless they agree not to breastfeed their infants

• STEP 1 INITIAL REGISTRATION: HER2 TESTING
• Patients must have histologically or cytologically documented adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum that is metastatic or locally advanced and unresectable
• Mutation results:
• All patients must have molecular testing performed in a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act (CLIA) certified lab which includes which includes KRAS and NRAS gene and exon 15 of BRAF gene (BRAF V600E mutation); patients with any known activating mutation in exon 2 [codons 12 and 13], exon 3 [codons 59 and 61] and exon 4 [codons 117 and 146]) of KRAS/NRAS genes and in exon 15 (BRAFV600E mutation) of BRAF gene are not eligible
• Patients must not have been treated with any of the following prior to step 1 initial registration:
• Cetuximab, panitumumab, or any other monoclonal antibody against EGFR or inhibitor of EGFR
• HER-2 targeting for treatment of colorectal cancer; patients who have received prior trastuzumab or pertuzumab for other indications such as prior history of adjuvant or neoadjuvant breast cancer treatment prior to the development of advanced colorectal cancer are eligible
• Patients must not have had history of severe toxicity and intolerance to or hypersensitivity to irinotecan or any other study drug; patients must not have had a severe infusion-related reaction during any prior therapy with pertuzumab or trastuzumab
• Patients must have tumor slides available for submission for HER-2 testing; HER-2 testing must be completed by the central lab prior to step 2 randomization
• Patients must be informed of the investigational nature of this study and must sign and give informed consent in accordance with institutional and federal guidelines; for step 1 initial registration, the appropriate consent form is the step 1 consent form
• As a part of the OPEN registration process the treating institution's identity is provided in order to ensure that the current (within 365 days) date of institutional review board approval for this study has been entered in the system
• STEP 2 RANDOMIZATION
• Patients must have HER-2 amplification as determined by central testing (3+ or 2+ by immunohistochemistry and HER-2 gene amplification by in situ hybridization with a ratio of HER-2 gene signals to centromere 17 signals >= 2.0)
• Patients must have measurable disease that is metastatic or locally advanced and unresectable; imaging used to assess all disease per RECIST 1.1 must have been completed within 28 days prior to step 2 randomization; all disease must be assessed and documented on the Baseline Tumor Assessment Form
• Patients must have had at least one prior regimen of systemic chemotherapy for metastatic or locally advanced, unresectable disease; patients must have progressed following the most recent therapy; prior treatment with irinotecan is allowed; for patients that received adjuvant chemotherapy: prior treatment for metastatic disease is not required for patient who experienced disease recurrence during or within 6 months of completion of adjuvant chemotherapy; if the patient received one line of adjuvant treatment and had disease recurrence after 6 months of completing chemotherapy, patients will only be eligible after failing one additional line of chemotherapy used to treat the metastatic or locally advanced, unresectable disease; patients who have received >= 3 lines of systemic chemotherapy for metastatic or locally advanced, unresectable disease are not eligible
• Patients must have completed prior chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or radiation therapy at least 14 days prior to step 2 randomization and all toxicity must be resolved to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version (v)4.0 grade 1 (with the exception of CTCAE v4.0 grade 2 neuropathy) prior to step 2 randomization
• Brain metastases are allowed if they have been adequately treated with radiotherapy or surgery and stable for at least 30 days prior to step 2 randomization; eligible patients must be neurologically asymptomatic and without corticosteroid treatment for at least 7 days prior to step 2 randomization
• Patients must have a Zubrod performance status of 0 or 1
• Patients must have a complete physical examination and medical history within 28 days prior to step 2 randomization
• Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >= 1,500/mcL
• Platelets >= 75,000/mcL
• Hemoglobin >= 9 g/dL
• Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) both =< 5 x institutional upper limit of normal (IULN)
• Bilirubin =< 1.5 mg/dL
• Calculated creatinine clearance > 30 ml/min within 14 days prior to step 2 randomization
• Patients who have had an echocardiogram performed within 6 months prior to step 2 randomization must have ventricular ejection fraction (left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF]) >= 50% or >= within normal limits for the institution
• Patients must not have an uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to diabetes, hypertension, severe infection, severe malnutrition, unstable angina, class III-IV New York Heart Association (NYHA) congestive heart failure, ventricular arrhythmias, active ischemic heart disease, or myocardial infarction within 6 months prior to step 2 randomization
• Patients must not have any known previous or concurrent condition suggesting susceptibility to hypersensitivity or allergic reactions, including, but not limited to: known hypersensitivity to any of the study treatments or to excipients of recombinant human or humanized antibodies; patients with mild or seasonal allergies may be included after discussion with the study chairs
• Patients must not be planning treatment with other systemic anti-cancer agents (e.g., chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, immunotherapy) or other treatments not part of protocol-specified anti-cancer therapy including concurrent investigational agents of any type
• No prior malignancy is allowed except for adequately treated basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer, in situ cervical cancer, ductal carcinoma in situ, other low grade lesions such as incidental appendix carcinoid, or any other cancer from which the patient has been disease and treatment free for two years; prostate cancer patients on active surveillance are eligible
• Patients must not be pregnant or nursing; females of child-bearing potential must have a negative serum pregnancy test within 7 days prior to registration; women/men of reproductive potential must have agreed to use an effective contraceptive method while on study and for at least 7 months after the last dose of study treatment; a woman is considered to be of "reproductive potential" if she has had menses at any time in the preceding 12 consecutive months; in addition to routine contraceptive methods, "effective contraception" also includes heterosexual celibacy and surgery intended to prevent pregnancy (or with a side-effect of pregnancy prevention) defined as a hysterectomy, bilateral oophorectomy or bilateral tubal ligation; however, if at any point a previously celibate patient chooses to become heterosexually active during the time period for use of contraceptive measures outlined in the protocol, he/she is responsible for beginning contraceptive measures
• Patients must be given the opportunity to consent to the optional submission of tissue for future research
• Patients must be informed of the investigational nature of this study and must sign and give written informed consent in accordance with institutional and federal guidelines; the appropriate consent form for this registration is the step 2 consent form
• STEP 2 RANDOMIZATION: As a part of the Oncology Patient Enrollment Network (OPEN) registration process the treating institution's identity is provided in order to ensure that the current (within 365 days) date of institutional review board approval for this study has been entered in the system
• STEP 3 CROSSOVER REGISTRATION (OPTIONAL): Patients must have documented disease progression while on CETIRI (Arm 2) on this protocol; the Follow-up Tumor Assessment Form documenting disease progression must be submitted to Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) prior to step 3 crossover registration; registration to step 3 crossover must be within 28 days of discontinuation of CETIRI protocol treatment; patients going off treatment for any other reason are not eligible
• STEP 3 CROSSOVER REGISTRATION (OPTIONAL): Patients must have a Zubrod performance status of 0 or 1
• STEP 3 CROSSOVER REGISTRATION (OPTIONAL): ANC >= 1,500/mcL
• STEP 3 CROSSOVER REGISTRATION (OPTIONAL): Platelets >= 75,000/mcL
• STEP 3 CROSSOVER REGISTRATION (OPTIONAL): Hemoglobin >= 9 g/dL
• STEP 3 CROSSOVER REGISTRATION (OPTIONAL): AST and ALT both =< 5 x institutional upper limit of normal (IULN)
• STEP 3 CROSSOVER REGISTRATION (OPTIONAL): Bilirubin =< 1.5 mg/dL
• STEP 3 CROSSOVER REGISTRATION (OPTIONAL): Calculated creatinine clearance > 30 ml/min within 14 days prior to step 3 crossover registration
• STEP 3 CROSSOVER REGISTRATION (OPTIONAL): Patients must have left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) >= 50% or >= lower limit of normal for the institution by echocardiogram within 14 days prior to step 3 crossover registration
• STEP 3 CROSSOVER REGISTRATION (OPTIONAL): Patients must have a magnesium, potassium, calcium, sodium, bicarbonate, and chloride performed within 14 days prior to step 3 crossover registration
• STEP 3 CROSSOVER REGISTRATION (OPTIONAL): Patients must be informed of the investigational nature of this study and must sign and give written informed consent in accordance with institutional and federal guidelines; the appropriate consent form for this registration is the step 2 consent form
• STEP 3 CROSSOVER REGISTRATION (OPTIONAL): As a part of the OPEN registration process the treating institution's identity is provided in order to ensure that the current (within 365 days) date of institutional review board approval for this study has been entered in the system

• Eligible subjects will be as follows: 1. 4 weeks to 17 years of age, 2. fulfill the American Heart Association case definition for complete or incomplete KD, 3. have had fever (T ≥38°C) for 3 to 10 days prior to initial IVIG treatment, 4. have fever (T ≥38°C orally or rectally) between 36 hours and 7 days after end of the first IVIG infusion without other likely cause 1. Patient treated with infliximab or steroids for present illness (pts who received oral steroids as outpatients prior to KD diagnosis but who otherwise qualify for the study will not be excluded) 2. Known prior infection with tuberculosis, coccidiomycosis, or histoplasmosis.

• Advanced solid tumor for which, in the opinion of the investigator, no other standard therapy offers greater benefit.
• A solid tumor diagnosis in the setting of:
• a) a documented NTRK fusion and a clinical history of relapse following a response to a prior TRK inhibitor
• b) a documented NTRK fusion unresponsive to a prior TRK inhibitor
• c) a documented NTRK fusion and a clinical history of intolerance to a prior TRK inhibitor
• NTRK gene fusions will be identified in a CLIA-certified (or equivalently-accredited diagnostic) laboratory. If such a report cannot be provided, other available certifications/accreditations are required and need to be documented. Patients with infantile fibrosarcoma (IFS) or congenital mesoblastic nephroma (CMN) may be enrolled based on an ETV6+ FISH test without identifying NTRK3.
• Performance Status: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score ≤ 2 in adults or Karnofsky Performance Score (KPS) Score≥50% (age ≥ 16 years) or Lansky Performance Score (LPS) ≥ 40% (age < 16 years).
• Life expectancy of at least 3 months.
• Adequate hematologic, hepatic and renal function.
• Patients with stable central nervous system (CNS) primary tumor, brain metastases, or treated spinal cord compression are eligible if neurological symptoms have been stable for 7 days prior to the first dose of selitrectinib.
• Ability to receive study drug orally or by enteral administration
• Prior exposure to second generation TRK inhibitor (e.g. selitrectinib, repotrectinib (TPX-0005)), taletrectinib (DS-6501b/AB-106)). Exception is in case patient presented intolerance to the second generation TRK inhibitor agent and the duration of exposure was less than 28 days. No previous treatment with selitrectinib is allowed.
• Concurrent treatment with a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor or inducer, consumption of grapefruit juice or Seville oranges, or drugs associated with QT prolongation.
• Clinically significant active cardiovascular disease or history of myocardial infarction within 3 months prior to planned start of selitrectinib, or prolongation of QT interval corrected for heart rate (QTc interval) >480 milliseconds within past 6 months
• Major surgery within 7 days of enrollment
• Uncontrolled systemic bacterial, fungal or viral infection.
• Pregnancy or lactation.
• Known hypersensitivity to selitrectinib or Ora-Sweet® SF and OraPlus® for patients receiving liquid formulation.

• Patients in Group F must have a body surface area (BSA) >= 0.6 m^2
• Patients must have a performance status corresponding to Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) scores of 0, 1, or 2; use Karnofsky for patients > 16 years of age and Lansky for patients =< 16 years of age; patients who are unable to walk because of paralysis, but who are up in a wheelchair, will be considered ambulatory for the purpose of assessing the performance score
• Patients must be newly diagnosed with histologically-proven primary pediatric hepatic malignancies including hepatoblastoma or hepatocellular carcinoma, except as noted below; patients with a diagnosis of hepatocellular neoplasm, not otherwise specified, should be classified and treated per hepatoblastoma treatment arms; note that rapid central pathology review is required in some cases; please note: all patients with histology as assessed by the institutional pathologist consistent with pure small cell undifferentiated (SCU) HB will be required to have testing for INI1/SMARCB1 by immunohistochemistry (IHC) according to the practices at the institution
• Patients with histology consistent with pure SCU must have positive INI1/SMARCB1 staining
• For all Group A patients, WDF status as determined by rapid review will be used to further stratify patients to Group A1 or A2
• For Groups B, C and D, rapid review is required if patients are either >= 8 years of age or have an alphafetoprotein (AFP) =< 100 at diagnosis
• For all Groups E and F patients, rapid central pathology review is required
• In emergency situations when a patient meets all other eligibility criteria and has had baseline required observations, but is too ill to undergo a biopsy safely, the patient may be enrolled without a biopsy
• Clinical situations in which emergent treatment may be indicated include, but are not limited to, the following circumstances:
• Anatomic or mechanical compromise of critical organ function by tumor (e.g., respiratory distress/failure, abdominal compartment syndrome, urinary obstruction, etc.)
• Uncorrectable coagulopathy
• For a patient to maintain eligibility for AHEP1531 when emergent treatment is given, the following must occur:
• The patient must have a clinical diagnosis of hepatoblastoma, including an elevated alphafetoprotein (AFP), and must meet all AHEP1531 eligibility criteria at the time of emergent treatment
• Patient must be enrolled on AHEP1531 prior to initiating protocol therapy; a patient will be ineligible if any chemotherapy is administered prior to AHEP1531 enrollment
• Note: If the patient receives AHEP1531 chemotherapy emergently PRIOR to undergoing a diagnostic biopsy, pathologic review of material obtained in the future during either biopsy or surgical resection must either confirm the diagnosis of hepatoblastoma or not reveal another pathological diagnosis to be included in the analysis of the study aims
• Patients may have had surgical resection of the hepatic malignancy prior to enrollment; all other anti-cancer therapy for the current liver lesion is prohibited
• Creatinine clearance or radioisotope glomerular filtration rate (GFR) >= 60 mL/min/1.73 m^2 or
• A serum creatinine based on age/gender as follows:
• Age: maximum serum creatinine (mg/dL)
• 1 month to < 6 months: 0.4 (male and female)
• 6 months to < 1 year: 0.5 (male and female)
• 1 to < 2 years: 06 (male and female)
• 2 to < 6 years: 0.8 (male and female)
• 6 to < 10 years: 1 (male and female)
• 10 to < 13 years: 1.2 (male and female)
• 13 to < 16 years: 1.5 (male), 1.4 (female)
• >= 16 years: 1.7 (male), 1.4 (female)
• Total bilirubin =< 5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) for age
• Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase [SGOT])/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase [SGPT]) < 10 x upper limit of normal (ULN) for age
• Shortening fraction of >= 28% by echocardiogram (for patients on doxorubicin-containing regimens [Groups C, D, E2, and F] assessed within 8 weeks prior to study enrollment) or
• Ejection fraction of >= 47% by echocardiogram or radionuclide angiogram (for patients on doxorubicin-containing regimens [Groups C, D, E2, and F] assessed within 8 weeks prior to study enrollment)
• Group F patients only: QT/corrected QT (QTc) interval =< 450 milliseconds for males and =< 470 milliseconds for females (assessed within 8 weeks prior to study enrollment)
• Normal pulmonary function tests (including diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide [DLCO]) if there is clinical indication for determination (e.g. dyspnea at rest, known requirement for supplemental oxygen) (for patients receiving chemotherapy [Groups A, B, C, D, E2, F]); for patients who do not have respiratory symptoms or requirement for supplemental oxygen, pulmonary function tests (PFTs) are NOT required
• All patients and/or their parents or legal guardians must sign a written informed consent
• All institutional, Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and National Cancer Institute (NCI) requirements for human studies must be met
• Prior chemotherapy or tumor directed therapy (i.e. radiation therapy, biologic agents, local therapy (embolization, radiofrequency ablation, and laser); therefore, patients with a pre-disposition syndrome who have a prior malignancy are not eligible
• Patients who are currently receiving another investigational drug
• Patients who are currently receiving other anticancer agents
• Patients with uncontrolled infection
• Patients who previously received a solid organ transplant, other than those who previously received an orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) as primary treatment of their hepatocellular carcinoma
• Patients with hypersensitivity to any drugs on their expected treatment arm
• Group C: Patients who have known deficiency of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD)
• Group D:
• Patients with chronic inflammatory bowel disease and/or bowel obstruction
• Patients with concomitant use of St. John's wort, which cannot be stopped prior to the start of trial treatment
• Group F:
• Patients with peripheral sensitive neuropathy with functional impairment
• Patients with a personal or family history of congenital long QT syndrome
• These criteria apply ONLY to patients who may receive chemotherapy (all groups other than Group E1):
• Female patients who are pregnant since fetal toxicities and teratogenic effects have been noted for several of the study drugs; a pregnancy test is required for female patients of childbearing potential
• Lactating females who plan to breastfeed their infants
• Sexually active patients of reproductive potential who have not agreed to use an effective contraceptive method for the duration of their study participation
• Note for Group F: patients of childbearing potential should use effective birth control during treatment with sorafenib and for at least 2 weeks after stopping treatment

Inclusion criteria:
• Diagnosed with pulmonary fibrosis by high resolution CT scan performed in the 6 months prior to screening associated with one of the following conditions and confirmed using guidelines, as per American Thoracic Society (ATS) / European Respiratory Society (ERS) / Japanese Respiratory Society (JRS) / Latin American Thoracic Association (ALAT):
• Major IIPs (idiopathic interstitial pneumonias) diagnosis or suspected as one of the following:
• Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
• Idiopathic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia
• Respiratory bronchiolitis-interstitial lung disease
• Desquamative interstitial pneumonia
• Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia
• Acute interstitial pneumonia
• Rare IIPs diagnosis by one of the following:
• Idiopathic lymphoid interstitial pneumonia
• Idiopathic pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis
• Unclassifiable idiopathic interstitial pneumonias
• Chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis
• Occupational lung disease
• Have been using oxygen therapy by nasal cannula for at least 4 weeks
• 6MWD ≥ 100 meters and ≤ 400 meters at screening and Baseline/Randomization visits.
• World Health Organization (WHO) Functional Class II-IV
• Forced Vital Capacity ≥ 40% predicted within last 6 months prior to screening the screening run-in period.
• Age between 18 and 80 years (inclusive) Exclusion criteria:
• For women of child-bearing potential: Pregnant or breastfeeding females at Screening, or planning to get pregnant, or unwilling to use appropriate contraception if sexually active to avoid pregnancy during the study and for at least 30 days after discontinuation of the study drug.
• A definitive diagnosis of a connective tissue disease (eg, systemic sclerosis, Lupus, Sjögren's, mixed CTD or other CTD's via ACR/EULAR classification criteria)
• Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF; systolic heart failure) with an ejection fraction of < 40%; or severe HF with preserved EF (HFpEF; diastolic HF)
• History of sarcoidosis
• History of chronic thrombo-embolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH; WHO group 4 PH)
• Smoking within 3 months of Screening and/or unwilling to avoid smoking throughout the study
• Body mass index (BMI) >40 kg/m2 at screening
• Known permanent atrial fibrillation
• Known severe hepatic impairment, in the opinion of the Principal Investigator
• Known severe renal impairment (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKDEPI) 2009 equation [Levy 2009] calculated creatinine clearance <30 ml/min) at screening

• REGISTRATION TO STEP 1 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Patients must have histologically proven stage IIB (T3N0M0 only), IIIA (T2N1M0), IIIB (T4N0M0), or IIIC (T3N1M0, T4N1M0) invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the anus or anorectum, according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 8th edition; this may include tumors of non-keratinizing histology such as basaloid, transitional cell, or cloacogenic histology; individuals with squamous cell carcinoma of the anal margin are eligible if there is evidence of extension of the primary tumor into the anal canal
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 1 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Patients must have Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0-2
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 1 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Patients must have hemoglobin levels of > 9 g/dL (within 2 weeks prior to registration)
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 1 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Patient must have a platelet count of > 100,000/mm^3 (within 2 weeks prior to registration)
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 1 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Patient's absolute neutrophil count (ANC) level must be > 1500/mm^3 (within 2 weeks prior to registration)
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 1 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Serum creatinine must be =< 1.5 X upper limit of normal (ULN) (within 2 weeks prior to registration)
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 1 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Total bilirubin must be < 2 X ULN (within 2 weeks prior to registration)
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 1 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase [SGOT])/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase [SGPT]) =< 2.5 X institutional upper limit of normal (within 2 weeks prior to registration)
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 1 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Albumin >= 3.0 g/dL (within 2 weeks prior to registration)
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 1 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Patients known to be human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)+ are permitted; patients with CD4 > 200 and serum HIV viral load of < 200 copies/mm^3 are eligible, and in addition:
• Participants must be purified protein derivative (PPD) negative; alternatively, the QuantiFERON-tuberculosis (TB) Gold In-Tube (QFT-GIT) assay (Cellestis Limited, Carnegie, Australia) can be used; an individual is considered positive for M. tuberculosis infection if the IFN-gamma response to TB antigens is above the test cut-off (after subtracting the background IFN-gamma response in the negative control); the result must be obtained within 20 weeks prior to enrollment; PPD positive (or Quantiferon assay positive) participants are permitted if prophylaxis has been completed prior to enrollment
• No history of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related complications within past year other than a history of low CD4+ T-cell count > 200/mm^3 prior to initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy; on study CD4+ T-cell count may not be informative due to chemoradiotherapy and should not be used as an exclusion criterion if low
• Patient must be healthy on the basis of HIV disease with high likelihood of near normal life span were it not for the anal cancer
• Participants MUST receive appropriate care and treatment for HIV infection, including antiretroviral medications when clinically indicated, and should be under the care of a physician experienced in HIV management; participants will be eligible regardless of antiretroviral medication (including no antiretroviral medication) provided there is no intention to initiate therapy or the regimen has been stable for at least 4 weeks with no intention to change the regimen within 12 weeks following enrollment
• Patient must have =< grade 2 diarrhea (participants with grade 1 diarrhea are eligible provided stool for ova/parasites and stool cryptosporidium studies are negative;
• NOTE: HIV testing is not required for eligibility
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 1 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: For patients registering prior to start of chemoradiotherapy, baseline scans must have been completed within 4 weeks prior to registration
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 1 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Women of child bearing potential and sexually active males must use accepted and effective method(s) of contraception and/or abstain from sexual intercourse while on protocol treatment and for at least 5 months after the last dose of nivolumab (for female patients) and for at least 7 months after the last dose of nivolumab (for male patients)
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 1 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Any surgery must have been completed >= 4 weeks prior to starting study treatment
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 1 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: No uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 1 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: No prior treatment with an immune checkpoint inhibitor (anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1, anti-PD-L2, anti-CTLA4 monoclonal antibody)
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 1 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: No patients with immunodeficiency or receiving systemic steroid therapy equivalent to > 10 mg prednisone per day or any other form of immunosuppressive therapy within 7 days prior to Step 1 registration; topical corticosteroid or occasional inhaled corticosteroids are allowed
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 1 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: No live vaccines within 30 days prior to registration; examples of live vaccines include, but are not limited to, the following: measles, mumps, rubella, chicken pox, yellow fever, rabies, BCG, and typhoid (oral) vaccine; seasonal influenza vaccines for injection are generally killed virus vaccines and are allowed; however, intranasal influenza vaccines (e.g., Flu-Mist) are live attenuated vaccines and are not allowed
• NOTE: no live vaccines may be administered while participating in the trial
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 1 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Previously irradiated patients (Arm S) must have received radiation per National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines; radiation therapy delivered on protocol (Arm T) will be reviewed
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 2 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Patients will be registered within 63 days following completion of standard chemoradiation for anal cancer; standard chemoradiation therapy is as defined
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 2 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Patients must have histologically proven stage IIB (T3N0M0 only), IIIA (T2N1M0), IIIB (T4N0M0), or IIIC (T3N1M0, T4N1M0) invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the anus or anorectum, according to the AJCC 8th edition; this may include tumors of non-keratinizing histology such as basaloid, transitional cell, or cloacogenic histology; individuals with squamous cell carcinoma of the anal margin are eligible if there is evidence of extension of the primary tumor into the anal canal
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 2 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Patients must have received at least 54 gray (Gy) of radiation to the PTVp (primary) and 45 Gy to PTVn (elective nodal region) for the treatment of the anal cancer
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 2 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Patients must have ECOG performance status of 0-2
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 2 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Patients must have hemoglobin levels of > 10 g/dL (within 2 weeks prior to registration)
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 2 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Patient must have a platelet count of > 100,000/mm^3 (within 2 weeks prior to registration)
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 2 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Patient's ANC level must be > 1500/mm^3 (within 2 weeks prior to registration)
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 2 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Serum creatinine must be =< 1.5 X ULN (within 2 weeks prior to registration)
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 2 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Total bilirubin must be < 2 X ULN (within 2 weeks prior to registration)
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 2 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: AST (SGOT)/ALT (SGPT) =< 2.5 X institutional upper limit of normal (within 2 weeks prior to registration)
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 2 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Albumin >= 3.0 g/dL (within 2 weeks prior to registration)
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 2 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Patients known to be human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)+ patients with CD4 > 200 and serum HIV viral load of < 200 copies/mm^3 are eligible; in addition:
• Participants must be PPD negative; alternatively, the QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-GIT) assay (Cellestis Limited, Carnegie, Australia) can be used; an individual is considered positive for M. tuberculosis infection if the IFN-gamma response to TB antigens is above the test cut-off (after subtracting the background IFN-gamma response in the negative control); the result must be obtained within 20 weeks prior to enrollment; PPD positive (or Quantiferon assay positive) participants are permitted if prophylaxis has been completed prior to enrollment; NOTE: If patient completed chemoradiation on Step 1, PPD testing does not need to be performed again
• No history of AIDS-related complications within past year other than a history of low CD4+ T-cell count > 200/mm^3 prior to initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy; on study CD4+ T-cell count may not be informative due to chemoradiotherapy should not be used as an exclusion criterion if low
• Patient must be healthy on the basis of HIV disease with high likelihood of near normal life span were it not for the anal cancer
• Participants MUST receive appropriate care and treatment for HIV infection, including antiretroviral medications when clinically indicated, and should be under the care of a physician experienced in HIV management; participants will be eligible regardless of antiretroviral medication (including no antiretroviral medication) provided there is no intention to initiate therapy or the regimen has been stable for at least 4 weeks with no intention to change the regimen within 12 weeks following enrollment
• Patient must have =< grade 2 diarrhea (participants with grade 1 diarrhea are eligible provided stool for ova/parasites and stool cryptosporidium studies are negative)
• NOTE: HIV testing is not required for eligibility
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 2 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Scans done within 4 weeks of randomization to Step 2
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 2 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Patient must have recovered from all toxicities associated with chemoradiotherapy for anal cancer, to grade =< 1 with the exception of alopecia
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 2 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Women of child bearing potential and sexually active males must use accepted and effective method(s) of contraception and/or abstain from sexual intercourse while on protocol treatment and for at least 5 months after the last dose of nivolumab (for female patients) and for at least 7 months after the last dose of nivolumab (for male patients)
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 2 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: No uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 2 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: No prior treatment with an immune checkpoint inhibitor (anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1, anti-PD-L2, anti-CTLA4 monoclonal antibody)
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 2 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: No patients with immunodeficiency or receiving systemic steroid therapy equivalent to > 10 mg prednisone per day or any other form of immunosuppressive therapy within 7 days prior to the first dose of study medication; topical corticosteroid or occasional inhaled corticosteroids are allowed
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 2 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: No live vaccines within 30 days prior to the first dose of trial treatment and while participating in the trial; examples of live vaccines include, but are not limited to, the following: measles, mumps, rubella, chicken pox, yellow fever, rabies, BCG, and typhoid (oral) vaccine; seasonal influenza vaccines for injection are generally killed virus vaccines and are allowed; however, intranasal influenza vaccines (e.g., Flu-Mist) are live attenuated vaccines and are not allowed
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 1 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: For patients registering to Arm T, patients must not have received prior chemoradiotherapy for anal cancer
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 1 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Patients with an allogenic bone marrow/stem, cell or solid organ transplant are excluded
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 1 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Women MUST NOT be pregnant or breast-feeding due to the potential teratogenic harm or abortifacient effects to an unborn fetus and possible risk for adverse events in nursing infants with the treatment regimens being used; all patients must also not expect to conceive or father children from study registration and throughout their time on study treatment; for female patients this must continue until at least 5 months after the last dose of nivolumab and for male patients until at least 7 months after the last dose of nivolumab; all females of child bearing potential must have a serum or urine pregnancy test to rule out pregnancy within 2 weeks prior to registration; a female of childbearing potential is any woman, regardless of sexual orientation or whether they have undergone tubal ligation, who meets the following criteria: 1) has achieved menarche at some point, 2) has not undergone a hysterectomy or bilateral oophorectomy, or 3) has not been naturally postmenopausal (amenorrhea following cancer therapy does not rule out childbearing potential) for at least 24 consecutive months (i.e., has had menses at any time in the preceding 24 consecutive months)
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 1 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Patients will be excluded if they have a T1 or M1, and T2N0 cancer
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 1 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Patients must not have had prior potentially curative surgery (abdominal, peritoneal resection) for carcinoma of the anus
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 1 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Participants may not be receiving any other standard anti-cancer therapy or experimental agent concurrently with the study drugs
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 1 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Individuals with a history of a different malignancy are ineligible except if they have been disease-free for at least 2 years and are deemed by the investigator to be at low risk for recurrence; individuals with the following cancers are eligible if diagnosed and treated within the past 5 years: cervical cancer in situ, and basal cell or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin
• REGISTRATION TO STEP 1 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Patient must not have active autoimmune disease in the past 2 years
• NOTE: This does not include patients with autoimmune disease controlled by medication, such as hypothyroidism; this eligibility includes only patients with endocrine disease controlled b

• Willing to be registered into the pomalidomide (POMALYST®) Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS®) program
• Enrolled in the MMRF002 Molecular Profiling Protocol (NCT02884102) with report less than 120 days old
• Disease free of prior malignancies for ≥ 3 years with exception of currently treated basal cell, squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, carcinoma "in situ" of the cervix or breast, or prostate cancer not requiring therapy
• High risk patients with relapsed refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM), who have:
• received at least one prior but no more than 3 prior therapies
• exposed to both a PI and an IMiD
• had early relapse after initial treatment Early relapse as defined by at least one of the following: (Relapse is defined as the IMWG uniform response) 1. Relapse within 3 years of initiation of induction chemo therapy for post autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) followed by maintenance, or 18 months if unmaintained after ASCT 2. Within 18 months of initial non-ASCT based therapy
• Patients must have progressed after their most recent treatment and require therapy for myeloma
• Females of reproductive potential must have a negative pregnancy test at baseline, be non-lactating, and willing to adhere to scheduled pregnancy testing
• Females of reproductive potential and males must practice and acceptable method of birth control
• Laboratory values obtained ≤ 14 days prior to registration:
• Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1000/ul
• Hemoglobin (Hgb) ≥ 8 g/dl
• Platelet (PLT) ≥ 75,000/ul
• Total bilirubin <1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) or if total bilirubin is >1.5 x ULN, the direct bilirubin must be ≤ 2.0 mg/dL
• Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) <3 x ULN
• Creatinine Clearance ≥ 30 mL/min Measurable disease of Multiple Myeloma (MM) as defined by at least one of the following:
• Serum monoclonal protein ≥ 0.5 g by protein electrophoresis
• ≥200 mg of monoclonal protein in the urine on 24-hour electrophoresis
• Serum immunoglobulin free light chain (FLC) ≥10 mg/dL AND abnormal serum immunoglobulin kappa to lambda FLC ratio
• Monoclonal bone marrow plasmacytosis ≥30% (evaluable disease)
• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status 0, 1, or 2
• Ability to take aspirin, warfarin, or low molecular weight heparin Sub-Protocol Refer to each respective Sub Protocol for additional inclusion criteria. Patients will be ineligible for this study if they meet any one of the following criteria:
• Aggressive multiple myeloma requiring immediate treatment as defined by:
• Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) > 2 times ULN
• Presence of symptomatic extramedullary disease or central nervous system involvement
• Hypercalcemia >11.5 mg/dl
• Acute worsening of renal function (CrCl < 30 ml/min) directly related to myeloma relapse
• Any neurological emergency related to myeloma
• Clinical symptoms of hyperviscosity related to monoclonal protein
• Involved serum free light chain > 100 mg/dL (1000 mg/L) in the setting of prior diagnosis of cast nephropathy
• Infection requiring systemic antibiotic therapy or other serious infection within 14 days of enrolment
• Known hypersensitivity or development of erythema nodosum if characterized by a desquamating rash while taking thalidomide, lenalidomide, pomalidomide or similar drug. Known allergy to any of the study medications, their analogues, or excipients in the various formulations of the agents
• Prior Ixazomib/Pomalidomide/Dexamethasone combination therapy
• Pregnant or breast-feeding females
• Serious medical or psychiatric illness, active alcoholism, or drug addiction that may hinder or confuse compliance, interfere in the completion of treatment per protocol, or follow-up evaluation
• Active hepatitis A, B or C viral infection or known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection
• Concurrent symptomatic amyloidosis or plasma cell leukemia
• POEMS syndrome [plasma cell dyscrasia with polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal protein (M-protein) and skin changes]
• Residual side effects to previous therapy > Grade 1 prior to initiation of therapy (Alopecia any grade and/or neuropathy Grade 2 without pain are permitted)
• Prior allogeneic or ASCT within 12 weeks of initiation of therapy. Prior allogeneic stem cell transplant with active graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)
• Prior experimental therapy within 14 days of protocol treatment or 5 half-lives of the investigational drug, whichever is longer
• Prior anticancer therapy within 14 days of initiation of protocol therapy (Dexamethasone/ 40mg/day) for a maximum of 4 days before screening is allowed
• Prior major surgical procedure or radiation therapy within 4 weeks of the initiation of therapy (this does not include limited course of radiation used for management of bone pain within 7 days of initiation of therapy).
• Known to have dysphagia, short-gut syndrome, gastroparesis, or other conditions that limit the ingestion or Gastro Intestinal (GI) absorption of drugs administered orally
• Evidence of current uncontrolled cardiovascular conditions, including uncontrolled hypertension, uncontrolled cardiac arrhythmias, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina, or myocardial infarction within the past 6 months
• Other co-morbidity, which would interfere with patient's ability to participate in trial or that confounds the ability to interpret data from the study Sub-Protocol Refer to each respective Sub Protocol for additional exclusion criteria.

1. 22 years of age and older 2. Life expectancy of ≥ 3 months 3. Histological diagnosis of squamous or non-squamous, inoperable, stage 4 NSCLC 4. Diagnosis of radiological progression while on or after first platinum-based systemic therapy 5. Randomization within 28 days of diagnosis of last progression 6. ECOG Score of 0-2 7. Assigned by the physician to receive either docetaxel or immune checkpoint inhibitor per standard of care regimens 8. Able to operate the NovoTTF-100L device independently or with the help of a caregiver 9. Signed informed consent for the study protocol 1. Presence of brain metastasis or leptomeningeal spread of the disease 2. Patients planned to receive immune checkpoint inhibitor with contra-indications to receive immunotherapy 3. Patients planned to receive docetaxel with contra-indications to receive docetaxel 4. Severe comorbidities: 1. Clinically significant (as determined by the investigator) hematological, hepatic and renal dysfunction, defined as: Neutrophil count < 1.5 x 10^9/L and platelet count < 100 x 10^9/L; bilirubin > 1.5 x ULN; AST and/or ALT > 2.5 x ULN or > 5 x ULN if patient has documented liver metastases; and serum creatinine > 1.5 x ULN 2. History of significant cardiovascular disease unless the disease is well controlled. Significant cardiac disease includes second/third degree heart block; significant ischemic heart disease; poorly controlled hypertension; congestive heart failure of the New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class II or worse (slight limitation of physical activity; comfortable at rest, but ordinary activity results in fatigue, palpitation or dyspnea) 3. History of arrhythmia that is symptomatic or requires treatment. Patients with atrial fibrillation or flutter controlled by medication are not excluded from participation in the trial 4. History of pericarditis 5. History of interstitial lung disease 6. History of cerebrovascular accident (CVA) within 6 months prior to randomization or that is not stable 7. Active infection or serious underlying medical condition that would impair the ability of the patient to received protocol therapy 8. History of any psychiatric condition that might impair patient's ability to understand or comply with the requirements of the study or to provide consent 9. Any other malignancy requiring anti-tumor treatment in the past three years, excluding treated stage I prostate cancer, in situ cervical cancer, in situ breast cancer and non-melanomatous skin cancer 5. Concurrent treatment with other experimental treatments for NSCLC while on the study 6. Implantable electronic medical devices (e.g. pacemaker, defibrillator) in the upper torso 7. Known allergies to medical adhesives or hydrogel 8. Pregnancy or breast-feeding (patients with reproductive potential must use effective contraception methods throughout the entire study period, as determined by their investigator/gynecologist) 9. Admitted to an institution by administrative or court order

1. Adult patients 18 years or older 2. Individuals undergoing either a mastectomy or mastectomy with tissue expander for which the anesthetic plan includes a serratus anterior plane block. 1. Any known sensory deficit of the anterolateral chest wall. 2. Any local disorder of the skin or otherwise where blockade is to be performed which would prevent safe performance of the block 3. Pregnancy 4. American Society of Anesthesiology classification greater than 3 5. Allergy to amide local anesthetic medications 6. Chronic pain conditions 7. Preoperative opioid use greater than 20 oral morphine equivalents per day 8. Any coagulation abnormality which would be a contraindication for block placement 9. Preoperative chronic renal dysfunction requiring renal replacement therapy or a serum creatinine greater than 1.4 mg/dL 10. Body mass index >50 11. Incarceration 12. Inability to understand study procedures including inability to understand the English language 13. Inability to provide adequate informed consent 14. Refusal to participate in the study

1. Subject's parent(s) or legal guardian(s) has (have) provided written informed consent and Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) authorization, where applicable, prior to any study-related procedures; participants will be asked to give written or verbal assent according to local requirements 2. Subject has a centrally confirmed (by TRiNDS central genetic counselor[s]) diagnosis of DMD as defined as:
• Dystrophin immunofluorescence and/or immunoblot showing complete dystrophin deficiency, and clinical picture consistent with typical DMD, OR
• Identifiable mutation within the DMD gene (deletion/duplication of one or more exons), where reading frame can be predicted as 'out-of-frame,' and clinical picture consistent with typical DMD, OR
• Complete dystrophin gene sequencing showing an alteration (point mutation, duplication, other) that is expected to preclude production of the dystrophin protein (i.e., nonsense mutation, deletion/duplication leading to a downstream stop codon), with a clinical picture consistent with typical DMD; 3. Subject is ≥ 4 years and <7 years of age at time of enrollment in the study; 4. Subject weighs >13.0 kg and ≤ 39.9 kg at the Screening Visit; 5. Subject is able to walk independently without assistive devices; 6. Subject is able to complete the Time to Stand Test (TTSTAND) without assistance in <10 seconds, as assessed at the Screening Visit; 7. Clinical laboratory test results are within the normal range at the Screening Visit, or if abnormal, are not clinically significant, in the opinion of the Investigator. [Notes: Serum gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), creatinine, and total bilirubin all must be ≤ upper limit of the normal range at the Screening Visit. An abnormal vitamin D level that is considered clinically significant will not exclude a subject from randomization]; 8. Subject has evidence of chicken pox immunity as determined by:
• Presence of IgG antibodies to varicella, as documented by a positive test result from the local laboratory from blood collected during the Screening Period, OR
• Documentation, provided at the Screening Visit, that the subject has had 2 doses of varicella vaccine, with or without serologic evidence of immunity; the second of the 2 immunizations must have been given at least 14 days prior to randomization. 9. Subject is able to swallow tablets, as confirmed by successful test swallowing of placebo tablets during the Screening Period; and 10. Subject and parent(s)/guardian(s) are willing and able to comply with scheduled visits, study drug administration plan, and study procedures. 1. Subject has current or history of major renal or hepatic impairment, diabetes mellitus or immunosuppression; 2. Subject has current or history of chronic systemic fungal or viral infections; 3. Subject has had an acute illness within 4 weeks prior to the first dose of study medication; 4. Subject has used mineralocorticoid receptor agents, such as spironolactone, eplerenone, canrenone (canrenoate potassium), prorenone (prorenoate potassium), mexrenone (mexrenoate potassium) within 4 weeks prior to the first dose of study medication; 5. Subject has a history of primary hyperaldosteronism; 6. Subject has evidence of symptomatic cardiomyopathy [Note: Asymptomatic cardiac abnormality on investigation would not be exclusionary]; 7. Subject is currently being treated or has received previous treatment with oral glucocorticoids or other immunosuppressive agents [Notes: Past transient use of oral glucocorticoids or other oral immunosuppressive agents for no longer than 1 month cumulative, with last use at least 3 months prior to first dose of study medication, will be considered for eligibility on a case-by-case basis, unless discontinued for intolerance. Inhaled and/or topical glucocorticoids are permitted if last use is at least 4 weeks prior to first dose of study medication or if administered at stable dose beginning at least 4 weeks prior to first dose of study medication and anticipated to be used at the stable dose regimen for the duration of the study]; 8. Subject has an allergy or hypersensitivity to the study medication or to any of its constituents; 9. Subject has used idebenone within 4 weeks prior to the first dose of study medication; 10. Subject has severe behavioral or cognitive problems that preclude participation in the study, in the opinion of the Investigator; 11. Subject has previous or ongoing medical condition, medical history, physical findings or laboratory abnormalities that could affect safety, make it unlikely that treatment and follow-up will be correctly completed or impair the assessment of study results, in the opinion of the Investigator; 12. Subject is taking (or has taken within 4 weeks prior to the first dose of study medication) herbal remedies and supplements which can impact muscle strength and function (e.g., Co-enzyme Q10, creatine, etc); 13. Subject is taking (or has taken within 3 months prior to the first dose of study medication) any medication indicated for DMD, including Exondys51 and Translarna; 14. Subject has been administered a live attenuated vaccine within 14 days prior to the first dose of study medication; 15. Subject is currently taking any other investigational drug or has taken any other investigational drug within 3 months prior to the first dose of study medication; 16. Subject has a sibling who is currently enrolled in any vamorolone study or Expanded Access Program, or who intends to enroll in any vamorolone study or Expanded Access Program during the subject's participation in the VBP15-004 study; or 17. Subject has previously been enrolled in the study. Note: Any parameter/test may be repeated at the Investigator's discretion during Screening to determine reproducibility. In addition, subjects may be rescreened if ineligible due to a transient condition which would prevent the subject from participating, such as an upper respiratory tract infection or injury, or if ineligible due to negative anti-varicella IgG antibody test result.